Imajinasi Kemaritiman dalam Sastra Jawa Kuno Pra-Islam: Eksplorasi Bait Puisi Kakawin Sumanasāntaka, Bhomāntaka, dan Ghaṭotkacāśraya
Abstract
Artikel ini mengkaji bait sastra puisi Jawa Kuno (kakawin) tentang kemaritiman, yaitu laut dan masyarakat pesisir. Hanya sedikit teks klasik sastra Jawa Kuno yang membahas laut dan berbagai kegiatan perairan termasuk kondisi sosial budaya masyarakat pesisir. Dengan menggunakan studi dokumen dan metode penggalian data dokumentasi, artikel ini membahas tiga. Pertama, nelayan, ikan gajah gajamīna, dan pesisir pantai beserta sisi gelapnya. Kedua, joṅ sebagai kapal yang dipadankan dengan jukuṅ, sambo, dan sāmwau. Ketiga, visualisasi keindahan pantai sebagai destinasi menawan dalam imajinasi sastra Jawa Kuno. Pesona estetika laut beserta segala sesuatu yang melingkupinya menjadi daya tarik para penguasa dan raja-raja Jawa untuk mempertahankan wilayahnya. Artikel ini berkontribusi memvisualisasi kemaritiman dalam sastra puisi Jawa Kuno (kakawin) yang tidak dibahas dalam beberapa kajian sejarah dan arkeologi pada masa Islam di Jawa.
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