CHARACTERIZATIONS OF WOMEN WIDOWED IN THE SHORT STORY NAMANYA, MASSA, TARIAN HAMIL DAN PENYAIR BULAN, AND NORHAYATI (LITERARY REVIEW CROSS REFERENCE)

This research aimed to gain a deep understanding of comparative characterizations, household status, occupation or profession, and socio-cultural background of the third figure women widowed in a collection of short stories (short story), a literary review cross reference. This research seeks to understand the phenomenon of characterizations of women widowed in three short stories that are then compared between the three. Approach this research in the form of a qualitative approach and methods used are content analysis methods. The process of data analysis in this research is not based on an effort to test the hypothesis, but rather attempted to develop a theory or framework of thinking based on the theory of literary sociology, so researchers retain a major role as a tool research. Data sources the study consists of three short stories namely (1) “Namanya, Massa”, by Ratna Indraswari Ibrahim, a short story from Indonesia, (2) “Tarian Hamil dan Penyair Bulan” by Johari Tarif, short stories from Malaysia, (3) and "Norhayati" by BAHTERA: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra, Volume 17 Nomor 1 Januari 2018 http://journal.unj.ac.id/unj/index.php/bahtera/ P-ISSN : 0853-2710 E-ISSN : 2540-8968


INTRODUCTION
Literary work serves to inventory a number of events that exist in society.The whole incident in literary works is the prototype Genesis ever and probably occur in everyday life.Literary works created author to be enjoyed, understood, and exploited by society (Pradopo, 1997).The author creates a literary works based on the fact that occurs in the vicinity.Therefore, the work of literature can be interpreted as a reflection of everyday life in the community.The existence of social and environmental realities are in the vicinity of the author being a part in creating literary works so that the resulting literary work has a close relationship with the author's life as well as with neighboring communities.
Literary works also as a reflection of the life of society, is the world of subjectivity that is created by the author in which there are various interrelated aspects of life with each other.These aspects of life in the form of sociological, psychological aspects, philosophy, culture, and religion.The existence of a work of literature can not be removed from the author's self as part of a society's members.So in his creation, the author can not be detached from the social environment of cultural its background (Effendi, 2010).
Verily, sociology and literature share the same problem.Literary linkages with community commonly referred to with the sociology of literature.Sociology can provide a helpful explanation about the literature and even without an understanding of the sociological literature is incomplete (Damono, 1978:2).
One form of literary work was a short story or better known as short stories (short stories).The short stories in literature Indonesia is a series of events that describe the person's life at any given moment.According to Suroto (1989), a short story is a bouquet of prose that is intact and round which contains the story of a human life events the offender/character with a concentration on a single event that is a staple of his story.Notosusanto (1957 in Tarigan, 1986) says that "short-story is a story that's around 5000 words or approximately 17 pages double spaced quarto centralized and complete in itself."A short story can take something in the community that a disembodied idea or theme that is growing in the life of the community.The idea or theme that exists within a short range.
Cross reference literature can be said of a study or the study of the literature of a nation which has a historical connection with literature, how intertwined process of interplay between one another, what has taken a literary, and what Leeds has.The study of literature appeal began on two and three decades of the 19th century in France Rene Wellek in his book History of Modern Criticism: 1750-1950 (1955 -1965) referred to Guillen as a contributor to the literary idea appeal nowadays because the idea is to eliminate segregation between criticism, history, and theory.
The concept of the cross reference literature first followed by Taha tone, an observer of Arab literature.Even according to the tone, the study of literature with cross reference other fields cannot be considered a literary cross reference because according to him, the cross reference literature is a literature review or "study of a nation which has a historical connection with the literature of the nation other, how intertwined process of interplay between one another, what has taken a literary, and what have been Leeds" (Nada in Damono, 2009:3).Opinion of the Nada seems to be at with Remak that literature is the literature review cross reference outside the boundaries of a country or a nation.According to Damono (2009:3), second that opinion shows that the difference in language is the main requirement in the cross reference literature.Damono (2009:4--5) concluded that comparing two literature from two different countries it is legitimate though they both use the same language because it just shows the existence of a historical relationship.So did the author who worked in two different languages were still in the study of literary cross reference when we consider that language is the result of crystallization of culture and a writer able to travel roundtrip between the two cultures that in each such language prominent writers expressed themselves in different cultural environments (Damono, 2009:6).
In this study used the phrase "women's widow", although the word "widow" is referring to the understanding (words) woman.For example, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia Pusat Bahasa (2008:564), the word "widow" were given the meaning 'women anymore because the husband divorced her husband's death or because the left'.Next, there is the phrase "the widow has not be married" who were given the meaning 'girl who mocked by men then left'.Phrases (nominal) "the widow woman" was chosen because the word "women" more refering to "gender", while the word "widow" is referring to the "marital status".However, if the phrase "women's widow" paired with the word "characters" so it becomes (a nominal phrase) "the widow women characterizations", an expression that was more appropriate than the phrase (phrase) "characterizations widow" (in the title of the study).
For a woman becomes a widow is not a life choice, let alone who still hold the Eastern customs such as in Indonesia.A great many factors that cause a woman chose to become a widow, but actually they do not want to have such status.
In the life of a widow is not easy, they have to support themselves let alone fight if you already have children.As a single parent, this task should remain running, let alone the economically in a State of deprivation and income is erratic.This is certainly extremely heavy for what.Not to mention the status of the "widow" in most societies are still judged negatively, scorn, sneers and gossip people that there is no clear evidence will overwrite it.
Research on women's studies literature characterizations cross reference many done among others research on the depiction of female characters in the novel character of Sitti Nurbaya by Marah Roesli and Assamualaikum Beijing by Asma Nadia based on period and gender conducted by Asep Jejen Gilani.The second is the author of research findings is equally use direct and indirect way in describing the characters, file:///C:/Users/DELL/Downloads/Asep-Jejen-Jaelani (2).pdf.However, research on the characterizations of women widows have never done.
The topic of this research inspired the character equality is in the short story from the collection of short stories in the book Menjenguk Dunia Batin Cerpen Serumpun (MDBCM).A collection of short stories it contains 42 short story composed of 14 titles from Indonesia, 14 titles from Malaysia, and 14 titles from Brunei Darussalam.Original short stories-short stories that were published in the Insert Sheet Mastera in literary magazine Horison (to Indonesia), Dewan Sastera (to Malaysia), and Bahana (Brunei Darussalam for) since September 1999 to December 2003.
The third short story it is selected as the data source with the consideration that the trio featuring female character a widow.The third short story selection that is "Namanya, Massa", by Ratna Indraswari Ibrahim (Indonesia), "Tarian Hamil dan Penyair Bulan" by Johari rates (Malaysia), and "Norhayati" by Amil Jaya (Brunei Darussalam).With regard to the appearance of a female character that's widow, through this research compared the nature of character and techniques of the short story third characterizations.
With regard to the third figure, the figure of the author's role in story ideas are shown.The author of the three turns out there is an author of women, namely Ratna Indraswari Ibrahim (Indonesia), and two male authors, namely Johari Tarif (Malaysia) and Amil Jaya (Brunei Darussalam).According to Teew, A. (1980), judging from the stories that displayed the figure of the author of women in Indonesia are more daring to express the ideas of the story than in Malaysia or Brunei Darussalam.The freedom to express that occurs in their respective countries which largely determine the content of the stories in the short story above.
Next, to the phrase "widow not yet trapped" in the Malay language was intended as an explanation as well as the assertion that information is one of the widow woman there who is "widow not yet trapped".Women's widow (not yet trapped) was named "Massa" (featured in the short story "Namanya, Massa"), while the other widow woman named "Lely" (featured in the short story "Tarian Hamil dan Penyair Bulan") and "Norhayati" (featured in the short story "Norhayati").Although juridical (legal marriage) status of different Massa with Lely and Norhayati, attributes the "widow" slung at them so the focus of the research is used in the phrase "women widows" (which at one time comprised the "widow has not yet trapped".The widow of textual analysis, the use of satire and the language of revolution, and its predecessor the real work that uncovers social Amis did in this case.The symbolism of the motives of the title of the widows, shows the absurdity of the seamless transition between one period and another; at the time of widowed child is born, it's ancestor was dead and buried if not forgotten (Alghamdi, 2014).Thus, in accordance with the title of the research, the focus of the research that revealed the woman was a widow with a variety of character and his nature, and made a comparison between the three.
Furthermore, this study also uses the theory of Sociology literature especially to review the literature about the relationshipthe relationship that exists between literature and society.The sociological approach, especially by critics who believe a particular social philosophy.Marxist critics, for example, is not just interested in researching the relationship between literature and society; They even have a clear view of the Foundation about how should that relationship.
As social animals, a lot of learning that occurs in some kind of social setting, or as a result of interactions with other people.Vygotsky (1978) are concerned with the process of developing the level of thinking such as the formation of memory, attention, decision-making, and concepts.According to his theory, each the result of culture development required by scaffolding or build knowledge.He argued that individuals, already from birth, is a social and collective human (Schiering, 2012).
In relation to the source of research data, the third short story mentioned belongs to the paper quality because it has undergone a selection fairly stringent so that successful perched on the foremost literary magazine in their respective countries.As artwork, short stories-short stories that can be categorized as an autonomous, independent works (Abrams, M.H., 1981).That is, it is the entire round, standing alone, can and should be understood and interpreted in itself.However, it cannot be denied that the short-short storyas the creative workis not present in the situation of a void because he (they) is a certain realization or actualization of the system and the culture code expressed that literary works created is inseparable from its environment.The intended environments can be a sociocultural issues and may also form the environment around the creation itself.In creating, the author of bound and controlled by the system of the language used, although he tried to innovate and experiment (Atmazaki, 1990).
The purpose of the study comparing the giving of names, education, the status of housekeeping, work or profession, and sociocultural background of the three female characters in the short story the widow (short stories).

RESEARCH METHODS
In accordance with the problems and goals to be achieved, then the research is done by qualitative approaches (Moleong, Lexy J. 2002).The qualitative approach was used with different underlying reasons, among others, that the research emphasise the role of the natural background, which is that the data are taken from the actual context.In this case, there is no interference of researchers against the emergence of data in understanding the phenomena that occur in objects of research.This research seeks to understand the phenomenon of characterizations of women widowed in three short stories that are then compared between the three.
The process of data analysis in this research is not based on an effort to test the hypothesis, but rather attempted to develop a theory or framework of thinking based on the theory of literary sociology, so researchers retain a major role as a tool research.With respect to the disclosure of a wide range of things with regard to female characters in three short's widow, then compared between the three.
Data collection techniques used in the method of the study of the literature.The primary data source of a collection of short stories, and a secondary data source obtained from library that supports.Method study of the literature used for the purpose of collecting data and information through the assistance of books, magazines, and others contained in the library (Kartono, Kartini, 1976).

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
In the analysis of characters and three women widowed, namely (1) characterizations of Massa, (2) characterizations Lely, and (3) characterizations Norhayati.The mass is a female character in the short story "Namanya, Massa" (abbreviated NM), Lely is a female character in the short story "Tarian Hamil dan Penyair Bulan" (abbreviated as THPB), and Norhayati is a female character in the short story "Norhayati" (abbreviated Nh ).
This study also refers to the theory of literary sociology to explain social reality moved or copied the author in a work of literature.Furthermore, this theory to analyze the relationship of cultural regions, relations with his author literary works with a social group, the relationship between the tastes of the masses, and the quality of a creation of literary works as well as the relationship of symptoms of social arising around the author with his work.Therefore, the theories of sociology that is used to analyze a literary creation cannot ignore the existence of the author, the world, and his inner experience, as well as the culture of the place of work of literature was born.
The following characterizations of women widowed in the third to three short stories.

Massa Characterizations
The name itself suggests the Massa (can symbolize) the amount of 'many', which can be referred to on the large number of men (masher) woman's acquaintances.Her relationship with many men caused him to quickly understand about (the fact) alive so that he could assess the lies men faced.Therefore, when Don jokingly asked Massa attitude against third asks her boyfriend who was still divided, the woman answered him flatly that he just wants to get married with her boyfriend who gave the child, the Boni, and utilize third her boyfriend was in the interest of his life.
From the answers seem attitude, character, and the Mass nature of the selfish, materialistic, and want to win themselves for the benefit of himself and his son.However, behind it, the masses have the attitude, character, and a smart, because he can draw men who can meet the needs of its life without causing conflicts for them.

Characterizations Lely
Lely egoism can indeed be associated with his name included.Leli said referring to a type of flower, there is a pink, yellow, and white.The flowers are usually on display at leli table top price, belongs to quite expensive.Flowers may symbolize the women (young), colorful can symbolize the appeal by a wide range of circles and groups.That is, to maintain his appearance to attract public attention, Lely did not want to have children who were regarded as a barrier to freedom, as a culmination of the destruction of her career as a singer.The number of fans it looked when Rosman aka Penyair Bulan, her ex-husband, about to meet Lely after the concert.
Lely divorce with Penyair Bulan nearly one year, while Mona, wife of Penyair Bulan in marriage six months earlier had been conceived.However, the efforts of the poet of the month to meet the singer it failed miserably because of the many fans who crowded him.In addition, suddenly appear Ak.Bahrin who claim direct, bringing Lely admirers to a restaurant.In that place, a question to vaccinate Bahrin Lely about marriage Mona with the poet of the month.Lely therefore consider it no problems upon their marriage, Bahrin incite him discreetly that destroyed his engagement to Mona was Penyair Bulan.Mona died from a fall due to rampant Bahrin, and they leave his body.Lely finally pregnant outside of wedlock with Bahrin, and she wanted to abort her unborn child, because it does not want to have children.While Penyair Bulan after divorcing with Lely and the death of Mona eventually set up a gallery to place content has waived by the name of the dance is pregnant.
In that place also, Lely would like to drop the ingredient is, he doesn't know that it's Pregnant Dance Gallery businesses belonging to her ex-husband, the poet of the month.This time, the revenge of Penyair Bulan will be reciprocated.In practise, Penyair Bulan posing as people who have been old.His hair was white, white eyes glassy, and the course of crouched down.In the practice of abortion, Lely had to undergo three stages, namely the content of the examination expectant, dances, and video playback.
Although it has approved all the requirements put forward the old pack, Lely sometimes feel misgivings if people who handle abortion act as obscene, or shaman is a Penyair Bulan scenario for revenge, and others.However, he can not dodge because of his whims, abortion.Therefore, the first and second phase suffered, though smelling obscene in the first stage (examination) and must take off clothing at the second stage (dance pregnant).On the second stage of Bahrin escaped leaving the Lely has been impregnated because the man wanted a wife who was willing to give birth to and nurture her child.The third stage, which is the final stage prior to abortion, turned out to be dispersed.The third stage is precisely the stage of the discovery of the secret of Mona's death.At that stage the event aired the uproar in the house of Penyair Bulanthrough video monitors ever used the Mona to record three games kittenover the coming Lely and Bahrin which resulted in the death of Mona.Finally, Lely feeling guilty, remorseful, and abandonment (over his fate).Seen in terms of its function in the story, Lely can be categorized as a round figure and is dynamic.

Norhayati Characterizations
Norhayati is the name of female character widow litter is four which is also used as the name of the title of a short story that display them.That namelet alone be used as the title of his namecan be hinted at something (very) important.Something (very) important that can be connected with the word "norhayati".The word comes from the Arabic: "nur" and "hayati"."Nur" can mean 'rays', 'light', while the "hayati" is derived from the word "hayat (un)" meaning 'life', 'life'.Thus, the word "nurhayati" can mean 'rays or light of life' so that the figures (women's widow) Norhayati expected to become "light of life" (enlightenment) (for the community).
The stories in the short story the Nh begins with greeting Ismanto to beautiful women (Norhayati) alone, away from his friend.After serious discussion, got to know each other ever occurred followed by mutually opposing attitudes and personality live chat.In the discussions it appears that Norhayatiwidowed almost ten yearsis brave because the regular type.
Thus, the entities, properties, and an assertive attitude Norhayati, intelligent, rational, and without leaving the politeness.Norhayati characterizations really stands out and is very dominant in the short story the Nh.Therefore, in these stories, Norhayati serves as the central character who graced the entire page short story Nh. it always appear in the dialogue and talks with the various character so that it can be categorized as a round figure and is dynamic.

Comparison of the Characterizations of Massa, Lely, and Norhayati
If observed carefully, the widow Lady characterizationsanalysis in accordance with the structural theory and sociology of literatureinvolves some element that contributed in the creation of the character, nature and habit or behaviour of the female character a widow.Some elements that, among other things, the form of naming, education, the status of customer's home, job or profession, and socio-cultural background.The figures of the three equations is by naming a character, Massa, Lely, and Norhayati is the modern names (and place).
The names hinting at the existence of engagement (group) of a particular community, the trio have the education, and the status of women widows.That is, they do not have a husband.As women widows, they each have an ego that stands out.
And community involvement in the specific differences determined or related to occupation or profession and the condition of each character.Massa-adolescent-is shown as figure who attracts a lot of males (masher) since working at a discotheque (in Jakarta).Lely (who lived near the airport) is the sexy singer.He is shown as figure (the artist) who has a lot of fans and admirers are diverse so that he is always trying to keep body and attractive appearance.Meanwhile, Norhayati (and her ex-husband had worked as an employee of the Royal High) is shown as a versatile character and diligent in writing.
From his studies of the Massa is shown as figure (only) two classes of Junior High School educated.Educational level of Lely displayed without a clear knowledge of the science of religion is also empty so he is with the attitude of the selfish is always trying to abort her unborn child.He held that the child who is born will destroy her career as a singer.Norhayati also appears as a character without showing the level of his education.However, in the short story can be known that that figure includes female intellect because of his constant flow of knowledge and religion fairly.Therefore, he is shown as a smart, assertive, tenacious, and rational, without leaving the politeness.

Comparison Of The Status Of The Household Figures
The third character of equations (Massa, Lely, and Norhayati) entirely the status as a widow.That is, they do not have a husband.
While the differences though are equally its multiplication the status of widows, and their egos are each different.Massa of the female character is shown as a widow with a status of "not yet be married widow" because it contains (and bear) without marriage, while men who impregnate her fleeing to abroad (Germany).As a worker at the plunged it discotheque into drunkenness and prostitution, selfishness Massa leads to the nature of the materialistic, greedy, and want to win themselves.She has three dating friends whom he loves because each of them can be empowered; which one can dote on his son, the other can provide the needed financial, and the other as a friend discuss and sex giver.The third, however, her boyfriend would not be made of her husband.He wants a girlfriend who never impregnate her to become her husband because she can satisfy all and sundry.
Lely is instead shown as female character a widow who is a double its multiplication.First, he remained a widow because her husband's ouster, Rosman or Penyair Bulan, and second, he as "widow yet be married" result was impregnated Ak.Bahrin later escapes, leaving him.Egoism Lely looks at the nature of his head hard to not want to have children (those born from her womb) because it would destroy her career as a singer of famous artists.Therefore, no matter its content in abortions suffered without feeling the slightest sin.
Norhayati shown as female character widow beautiful litter of four who left her husband dead.Because of her ex-husband used to be a high officer of the Kingdom, women have self-esteem and maturity of thought so that the egoism leads to a determination that is not easily shaken.Thanks to the tenacity and intelligence work out thought, all the problems can be faced with proportionately, rational, realistic and supplemented with an attitude he said.Therefore, when there is a man who wanted to marry her, the woman tried to respond with reasons that are rational, realistic,without leaving.

Comparison of employment or profession of the character
The equation, Massa, Lely, and Norhayati each working in this job or profession in accordance with the opportunities and or their respective talents to fullfill the needs of life.
The difference, Massa, armed with education middle school (Junior High School) eighth grade, received work as a regulator of the lights in a discotheque.The job was done due to his annoyance against divorce both parents that profession as a renowned movie director and performer.In a place that is, Massa and then dragged into the life of rahrah, drunkenness, and become prey to man masher.In fact, Massa then contain outside of marriage and gave birth to his son (no father).Despite already having a son, Massa remained drinking and hawking himself.However, he still had the desire to develop his talents (hidden) as a painter.In fact, he plans to sell his house for living expenses and continue to learn painting abroad.
Lely is shown as a character artist singer who loved her fans thanks to his sexy and charming.Practiced that profession so as to keep itself in order to remain primed and many admirers, he does not want to have children, because children were regarded as the destroyer of his profession.Therefore, he seeks an abortion when becoming wife Rosman (Penyair Bulan) and when Ak. Bahrin was impregnated without marriage.His first attempt was successful, but the effort failed due to both scenarios Rosman to trap his former wife as the cause of death of Mona (Rosman's second wife).In that scenario, Rosman disguised as a pack of elders who practise abortion, and succeeded in exposing and debunking the secret death of Mona (wife of Rosman) so successfully demonstrated his top Lely immoral.
Another case with Norhayati.The woman who is shown as a female character, the widow of a litter of four beautiful profession as a writer.He is a hard worker because the dependents have to educate her four small still well and should be able to fullfill the needs of his household life.Of course, to produce writings which sold for sale, it must always be sharpening the brain, read a lot, and try to develop his insights.Such activities can also be used as a means of biological appetite reducer which sometimes appear and annoy him.Attitude is firm, resilient, and polite which is sustained by his intelligence and his skills in arguing, he has always managed to overcome problems facing without causing disquiet or disappointment.

Comparison Of Socio-Cultural Background Character
The equation, all figures (Massa, Lely, and Norhayati) takes place (large) town, though not always stated clearly.Therefore, the socio-cultural life of their socio-cultural environment of urban colored.
The difference, Massa is the only child of the family elite.His father was a famous Director and his mother was a movie star, while his grandfather is still a descendant of priayi.Since childhooda time for 4 years in Malanghe lived in metropolitan cities, Jakarta.Although her life needs all-round wealthy inner Massa suffering, because it did not get the affection of his parents that always preoccupied by his profession as Director and movie star.In fact, he had beaten the boy so injured.He could only feel calm when dealing with and in the shade of her grandparents knew about his talent.Soul Massa leaked even when informed that her parents divorced, when he had risen through the first level of secondary education (Junior High School) eighth grade and get new confidence from the school as head groups of the choir competition.Therefore feel disappointed and embarrassed over the deeds of his parents, he dropped out of school, was accepted as a regulator of the lights in a discotheque.Since then, the mass was a teenager (age 14 years) begin to live in natural freedom.Selfish, materialistic, and greedy (of winning) is formed and fused with his soul so impacted lead him into a life of prostitution and drunkenness.In fact, he weighed down also by a male boy born from her womb, from the results of the relationship without marriage with a film directed by his father, then a run left him.
Lely appears as a background character with proximity to a city (airport).He is shown as figure more cultural social environment focusing on the scope of his profession as a singer.Therefore, the soul is also just fixed on her appearance in a prime factor, the sexiness of her body, to always get welcome enthusiastically by fans and admirers.To that end, he has a son he thought that abstinence be the catastrophe that could destroy her career as a singer.For it anyway, he always attempts to abort a fetus that is in its content, even if the effort the second time failure which impacted on regrets.
Norhayati is shown as figureimplicitlyset in place of the city because her ex-husband used to be a high officer of the Kingdom.Socio-cultural background of her husband, who was a former employee of Royal high and environmental profession as writer very influential Norhayati against the development of the woman's soul.Therefore, Norhayati is shown as the figure who has selfesteem with a man's intelligence, assertiveness, reality, rationalist, and tenacity so not easily tempted by the seductionseduction and promises that are not necessarily resolve the problem faced and would not necessarily be able to create an atmosphere of a happy home, let alone he has four children who are dependants still small.Therefore, he continued to perform with tough and confident, and his soul has not deterred by her status as a widow.
All the female characters, however, dynamic, expressive, and clear.Represent women often speechless and serves as an example, because their life stories (Maciūnienė, 2011).
Love and loneliness due to the confrontation between men and women is a common theme in these works that exist on various issues arising from family and social relationships of women (Mahmoodi, 2017).

CONCLUSION
From the explanation above it can be concluded that the characterizations of three women widowed: Massa, Lely, and Norhayati produce (picture of) the character, nature, habits or behaviors, the third such figures have different types.The formation of the character, nature and habit that, among other things, participate is influenced by level of education, occupation or profession, and socio-cultural environment.
Massa character that appears as a central figure in the short story "His name, Massa" appears as a female character, the widow of prince be married yet selfish, materialistic, and greedy (of winning).Figures it has (at least) three friends her date, but she only wants to marry a man who's never impregnate her, still studying in Germany.Massa is sometimes also performed with a gentle nature and educate when dealing with Don, a close friend.
Unlike the Lely displayed as a subordinate character in the short story "Tarian Hamil dan Penyair Bulan"come across as women widows and widow have not be married.He appeared with the selfish character is high.Egoism is a very high figure was related to the attitude of hard not to have children because it considered her career as a singer can shatter, so she dares to do an abortion.However, in the end it was aground due to high ego trap Rosman (Penyair Bulan), her ex-husband, who managed to thwart the abortion business a second time.
While a character different from both more Norhayati female character widow was mentioned.Womena widowed female character is shown as a litter of four in the short story "Norhayati" was performed by the character of intelligent, resolute, rational, and tenacious.Supported by his profession as a writer, Norhayati remains tough in the face of trials.Thanks to the intelligence of his intellectual ability as well as his knowledge of his firm, rational, and tenacious, a character that was able to overcome all the problems that came up term fall.One of the issues that always block it is a negative judgment against widows and seduction of men who wanted to marry her.With wisdom and his firmness, a character who can -Norhayati categorized as central figurestay afloat for the widow.