Political Ecology Study: Implementation of Presidential Decree Number. 52 of 1995 About the Jakarta Bay Reclamation and Revitalization

Abstract

The reclamation of the north coast of Jakarta is carried out
based on the government policy stipulated in Presidential Decree No.52
of 1995 concerning the Reclamation and Revitalization of the Jakarta
Bay policy DKI Regional Government with the issuance of Perda DKI
No. 8 of 1995. This research on the implementation of the reclamation
policy aims to prove that there are mistakes in implementing the bicycle
policy in the form of a Presidential Decree or a DKI regional
government's decision. The research method used a qualitative approach
by conducting surveys, collecting primary data, interviewing resource
persons from the Government, communities, and NGOs. As for the
discussion results, the policy's implementation found an impact on the
environment, including on the livelihoods of the fishing communities in
the vicinity. The results of the evaluation of the reclamation policy of the
north coast of Jakarta based on political ecology, for the implementation
of Presidential Decree No. 52 of 1995, there is a policy failure because
this policy does not consider long-term interests such as the existence of
coastal resources and the environment. Meanwhile, Perda DKI No.
8/1995, as a follow-up to Presidential Decree No. 52/1995, can be a
failure in its implementation (implementation failure) because it ignores
environmental damage socio-economic problems, thus threatening the
livelihoods of fishing communities. While the conclusion from the
research results there has been a failure of policy formulation (policy
failure) and failure of implementation of policies (implementation
failure), so that policies in the form of Presidential Decree No. 54 of 1995
and DKI PerDa No 8 of 1995, were the beginning of a mistake in
implementing the recla