Descriptive Study of Demographic Factors and Takaful Subscription in Kota Kinabalu Sabah Based on The Theory of Planned Behaviour
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21009/ISC-BEAM.011.50Keywords:
Takaful Participation, Demographic Factors, Theory of Planned BehaviourAbstract
This study investigates the multifaceted relationship between demographic attributes and the preferences for Takaful Protection within the diverse workforce of Kota Kinabalu City. Employing the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) as its foundational framework, the research explores the collective impact of gender, age, religious affiliation, marital status, education, occupation, income levels, and work experience on individuals' decisions regarding Takaful Subscription. Using a cross-sectional research design and structured questionnaires administered to 102 respondents, the study reveals compelling insights. It demonstrates that age, marital status, education level, occupation background, income range, and work experience significantly influence Takaful choices, whereas gender and religious affiliation have minimal impact. Additionally, the study identifies the most preferred Takaful products and highlights barriers to participation, shedding light on a generally low Takaful Subscription within the surveyed population. The research applies descriptive statistical analysis, cross-tabulations, and chi-square tests as analytical techniques to unravel the intricate interplay of these demographic factors within the TPB framework, providing nuanced insights into the dynamics of Takaful decision-making among a diverse workforce. The findings of this study underscore the complex interplay of demographic factors in shaping Takaful participation within a diverse workforce in Kota Kinabalu City. While gender appears to have minimal influence, age, marital status, educational background, occupation background, income range, and work experience are the key determinants of insurance choices.
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Amarnath, G., Ghosh, S., Alahacoon, N., Ravan, S. K., Taneja, P. K., Dave, N., & Srivastava, S. K. (2019). Insurance as an agricultural disaster risk management tool: evidence and lessons learned from South Asia. In United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific.
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Areeba Khan, Hafiz Abdur Rashid, Rana Muhammad Shahid Yaqub, & Saba Abbas. (2020). Determinants of Customer Perception about adoption of Islamic Insurance (Takaful) in Pakistan. Journal of Business and Social Review in Emerging Economies, 6(4). https://doi.org/10.26710/jbsee.v6i4.1485
Arifin, J., & Yazid, A. S. (2018). The Influence of Innovation Attributes on Loyalty in Family Takaful: A Conceptual Study. South East Asia Journal of Contemporary Business, Economics and Law, 15(1).
Azizam, N. A., Dzulkipli, M. R., Shamimi, N. I., Maon, S. N., John, D., Belawing, J., Jawa, J., & Yahaya, N. (2020). Applicability of Theory of Planned Behavior and Protection Motivation Theory in Predicting Intention to Purchase Health Insurance. ADVANCES IN BUSINESS RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.24191/abrij.v6i1.9939
Bakar, J. A., Ganapathy, T., & Krishnan, C. (2018). Demographics, economics and psychographics determinants of life insurance consumption among school teachers in Kampar, Perak. International Journal of Engineering and Technology(UAE), 7(4). https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.28.22383
Bell, E., Bryman, A., & Harley, B. (2022). Business Research Methods. In Business Research Methods. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/hebz/9780198869443.001.0001
Brighetti, G., Lucarelli, C., & Marinelli, N. (2014). Do emotions affect insurance demand? Review of Behavioral Finance, 6(2). https://doi.org/10.1108/RBF-04-2014-0027
Browne, M. J., & Kim, K. (1993). An International Analysis of Life Insurance Demand. The Journal of Risk and Insurance, 60(4). https://doi.org/10.2307/253382\
Che Rusuli, M. S., Ruwaida, R., Noraani, M., Takala, J., & Nizamuddin, M. (2019). Influence of marketing mix strategy in insurance business: The case of Kota Bharu. Research in World Economy, 10(2 Special Issue). https://doi.org/10.5430/rwe.v10n2p88
Chee, L. C., & Sin, T. S. (2020). The significance of personal value, risk attitude and trust on life insurance ownership in the northern regions of Malaysia. Jurnal Pengurusan, 58. https://doi.org/10.17576/pengurusan-2020-58-06
Creswell, J. W. (2003). Creswell, J.W. (2003). Chapter One, “A Framework for Design.” Research Design Qualitative Quantitative and Mixed Methods Approaches. https://doi.org/10.3109/08941939.2012.723954
Djafri, F., Bin Noordin, K., & Naail Mohammed, K. (2018). The measurement model of performance determinants: A case study of Islamic insurance (Takaful) in Malaysia. International Journal of Ethics and Systems, 34(2). https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOES-05-2017-0075
Djamba, Y. K., & Neuman, W. L. (2002). Social Research Methods: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches. Teaching Sociology, 30(3). https://doi.org/10.2307/3211488
Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Buchner, A., & Lang, A.-G. (2009). Statistical power analyses using G*Power 3.1: Tests for correlation and regression analyses. Behavior Research Methods, 41(4), 1149–1160. https://doi.org/10.3758/BRM.41.4.1149
Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Lang, A.-G., & Buchner, A. (2013). G*Power 3. In Heinrich-Heine University -Institute for Experimental Psychology.
Gudgeon, A. C., & Howell, D. C. (1994). Statistical Methods for Psychology. The Statistician, 43(1). https://doi.org/10.2307/2348956
Hassan, H. A., & Abbas, S. K. (2020). Factors influencing the investors’ intention to adopt Takaful(Islamic insurance) products: A survey of Pakistan. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-03-2018-0064
Hassan, R., Salman, S. A., Syahira, S., Yusoff, M., Razinah, N., Zain, M., & Yusoff, A. (2021). A Preliminary Study on the Factors Influencing Malaysian Youths’ Adoption and Rejection of Takaful. In Journal of Positive School Psychology(Vol. 2022, Issue 3).
Hogarth, J. M., Beverly, S. G., & Hilgert, M. (2003). Patterns of Financial Behaviors : Implications for Community Educators and Policy Makers Discussion Draft –February, 2003. 2003 Federal Reserve System Community Affairs Research Conference.
Keat, P. T.B., Zakaria, W. N. W., & Mohdali, R. (2020). Factors influencing purchase intention of life Insurance among engineering students. Open International Journal of Informatics , 8(1).
Kusairi, S., Sanusi, N. A., Muhamad, S., Shukri, M., & Zamri, N. (2019). Financial households’ efficacy, risk preference and saving behaviour: Lessons from lower-income households in Malaysia. Economics and Sociology, 12(2). https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-789X.2019/12-2/18
Latif, R. Abd., Yoong, C. F., Ghee, L. W., Sam, K. K., Wee, M. F. H., & Voon, S. L. (2023). The Relationship between Service Quality, Perceived Value, Corporate Image, Complaint Behaviour, Role of Agent and Customer Satisfaction in Life Insurance Services in Klang Valley, Malaysia. International Journal of Economics, Business and Management Research, 07(01). https://doi.org/10.51505/ijebmr.2023.7105
Lee, J., Hanna, S. D., & Lindamood, S. (2017). The Increasing Problem of Household Debt Payment Delinquency of Hispanic Households. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3083809
Lim, C. C., & Tan, S. S. (2019). Demographic profiling of life insurance ownership in the northern regions of Malaysia. International Journal of Business and Society, 20(3).
Mahdzan, N. S., & Peter Victorian, S. M. (2013). The determinants of life insurance demand: A focus on saving motives and financial literacy. Asian Social Science, 9(5). https://doi.org/10.5539/ass.v9n5p274
Mahdzan, N. S., & Tabiani, S. (2013). The impact of financial literacy on individual saving: An exploratory study in the malaysian context. In Transformations in Business and Economics(Vol. 12, Issue 1).
Makowski, D., Ben-Shachar, M., Patil, I., & Lüdecke, D. (2020). Methods and Algorithms for Correlation Analysis in R. Journal of Open Source Software, 5(51). https://doi.org/10.21105/joss.02306Marzjarani, M. (2020). Statistical Methods in Social Science Research. Technometrics, 62(2). https://doi.org/10.1080/00401706.2020.1744914
Masud, M. M., Ahsan, M. R., Ismail, N. A., & Rana, M. S. (2021). The underlying drivers of household purchase behaviour of life insurance. Society and Business Review, 16(3). https://doi.org/10.1108/SBR-08-2020-0103
Mishra, P., Pandey, C. M., Singh, U., Gupta, A., Sahu, C., & Keshri, A. (2019). Descriptive statistics and normality tests for statistical data. Annals of Cardiac Anaesthesia, 22(1). https://doi.org/10.4103/aca.ACA_157_18
Mishra, P., Pandey, C., Singh, U., Keshri, A., &Sabaretnam, M. (2019). Selection of appropriate statistical methods for data analysis. Annals of Cardiac Anaesthesia, 22(3). https://doi.org/10.4103/aca.ACA_248_18
Muhamad, S., Kusairi, S., & Zamri, N. (2021). Savings behaviour of bottom income group: Is there any role for financial efficacy and risk preference? Economics and Sociology, 14(2). https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-789X.2021/14-2/3
Mukherjee, S. P., Sinha, B. K., & Chattopadhyay, A. K. (2018). Statistical methods in social science research. In Statistical Methods in Social Science Research. https://doi.org/10.1007/9789811321467
Nabila Khan, Nadeem Iqbal, & Sadaf. (2021). Religiosity, Income and Consumption Decision: Analysing Gender Differences (A case study of District Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa). Research Journal of Social Sciences and Economics Review (RJSSER), 1(4). https://doi.org/10.36902/rjsser-vol1-iss4-2020(427-432)
Nasira, N. F., Roslin, R. M., Nasir, M. N. F., Nasir, M. F., Nasir, M. A., & Mohamed, N. A. (2021). Investigating Knowledge as a Possible Predictor of Purchase Intention among Muslims in Malaysia for Life Insurance and Takaful. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 11(2). https://doi.org/10.6007/ijarbss/v11-i2/8880
Neuman, W. L. (2011). Social Research Methods: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches. In Pearson Education.
Poan, R., Merizka, V. E., & Komalasari, F. (2022). The importance of trust factor in the intentions to purchase Islamic insurance (Takaful) in Indonesia. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 13(12). https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-01-2021-0026
Rahman, M. S., Abdel Fattah, F. A. M., Zaman, M., & Hassan, H. (2018). Customer’s patronage decision toward health insurance products: Mediation and multi-group moderation analysis. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 30(1). https://doi.org/10.1108/APJML-12-2016-0248
Raza, S. A., Ahmed, R., Ali, M., & Qureshi, M. A. (2020). Influential factors of Islamic insurance adoption: an extension of theory of planned behavior. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 11(6). https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-03-2019-0047
Roberts, C., Gepp, A., & Todd, J. (2023). A Big Data Framework to Address Building Sum Insured Misestimation. Big Data Research, 33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bdr.2023.100396
Sabri, M. F., Wahab, R., Mahdzan, N. S., Magli, A. S., & Rahim, H. A. (2022). Mediating Effect of Financial Behaviour on the Relationship Between Perceived Financial Wellbeing and Its Factors Among Low-Income Young Adults in Malaysia. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.858630
Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (2016). Research methods: A skill building approach. John Wiley & Sons. Leadership & Organization Development Journal.
Senthilnathan, S. (2019). Usefulness of Correlation Analysis. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3416918
Sequeira, S. B., Wright, M. A., & Murthi, A. M. (2023). Payor type is associated with increased rates of reoperation and health care utilization after rotator cuff repair: a national database study. Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, 32(3). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jse.2022.09.003
Seyedin, H., Samadipour, E., & Salmani, I. (2019). Intervention strategies for improvement of disasters risk perception: Family-centered approach. Journal of Education and Health Promotion, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.4103/jehp.jehp_200_18
Sherif, M., & Azlina Shaairi, N. (2013). Determinants of demand on family Takafulin Malaysia. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 4(1), 26–50. https://doi.org/10.1108/17590811311314276
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Published
2024-02-23
How to Cite
Mohd Damit, M. R. ., & Mohammed, R. @ U. B. . (2024). Descriptive Study of Demographic Factors and Takaful Subscription in Kota Kinabalu Sabah Based on The Theory of Planned Behaviour. International Student Conference on Business, Education, Economics, Accounting, and Management (ISC-BEAM), 1(1), 706–723. https://doi.org/10.21009/ISC-BEAM.011.50
