Exploring Technology Readiness and Acceptance of Small-scale Farmers in Sabah towards the Adoption of Internet of Things Technology
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21009/ISC-BEAM.011.49Keywords:
technology readiness, technology acceptance, Internet of Things, agrotechnology, small-scale farmersAbstract
This study aims to explore and propose a conceptual framework to study the determinants of Internet of Things (IoT) adoption intention of small-scale farmers in Sabah for their farming practices. Report from Twelfth Malaysia Plan presented a tremendous decrease of workforce in agriculture sector over the years. In addition, in this contemporary era marked by technological advancements, all industry players in the agriculture sector are compelled to integrate new technologies relevant to agrobusiness. Hence, there is an urgent need of intervention to solve this issue as it will affect food production in Malaysia in the near future. The objective of this study is to formulate a conceptual framework based on semi-structured literature reviews on agricultural technology, incorporating theoretical frameworks from case studies, government reports and statistics. The paper discusses on which framework and its mode of integration that could be adopted in order to study the intention of IoT adoption among small scale farmers in Sabah. This initial conceptual framework provides insights into the needs and concerns of small-scale farmers regarding IoT adoption, serving as a guide for IoT service providers and policymakers in shaping initiatives for agricultural transformation in Sabah.
References
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Abu Dardak, R., Mohamad Tahir, M. A., Shafie, K. A. & Muhamad, R. M. (2022).Transfer of smart agriculture technology from MARDI to Young Agropreneurs in Malaysia: The case of high-value vegetable production by AgroCube. The FFTC Journal of Agricultural Policy, 2022, Vol. 3, 14-26.
Adnan, N., Nordin, S. M., & Rasli, A. M. (2019).A possible resolution of Malaysian sunset industry by green fertilizer technology: factors affecting the adoption among paddy farmers.Environmental Science and Pollution Research.doi:10.1007/s11356-019-05650-9
Ahmad Tarmizi, H., Kamarulzaman, N. H., Abd Rahman, A. & Atan, R. (2020).Adoption of internet of things among Malaysian halal agro-food SMEs and its challenges. Food Research 4 (Suppl. 1), 256 –265.
Aris, N. F. M. & Fatah, F. A. (2021).The pull and push factors towards the adoption of Agricultural Revolution 4.0 (AR4.0) for agro-food supply chain (AFSC) in SMIs agro-based in Malaysia.Second Asia Pacific International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management.
Ataei, P., Gholamrezai, S., Movahedi, R., & Aliabadi, V. (2020).An analysis of farmers’ intention to use green pesticides: The application of the extended theory of planned behavior and health belief model.Journal of Rural Studies.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2020.11.003
Bujang, A. S. & Bakar, B. H. A. (2019) Agriculture 4.0: Data-driven approach to galvanize Malaysia’s agro-food sector development, FFTC Agricultural Platform.
Caffaro, F., Micheletti Cremasco, M., Roccato, M., & Cavallo, E. (2020).Drivers of farmers’ intention to adopt technological innovations in Italy: The role of information sources, perceived usefulness, and perceived ease of use.Journal of RuralStudies.
Chiu, W. & Cho, H. (2020). The role of technology readiness in individuals’ intention to use health and fitness applications: a comparison between users and non-users, Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics (33),3, 807-825.
Compernolle, M. V., Buyle, R., Mannens, E., Vanlishout, Z., Vlassenroot, E., & Mechant, P. (2018). “Technology readiness and acceptance model” as a predictor for the use intention of data standards in smart cities.Media and Communication,6(4), 127-139.
Damerji, H., & Salimi, A. (2021). Mediating effect of use perceptions on technology readiness and adoption of artificial intelligence in accounting.Accounting Education,30(2), 107-130.
Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology. MIS Quarterly, 13(3), 319–340.
El Bilali, H., Ben Hassen, T., Bottalico, F., Berjan, S. & Capone, R. (2021).Acceptance and adoption of technologies in agriculture. AGROFOR International Journal, Vol. 6, Issue No. 1, 2021.
Haddaway, N. R., Macura, B., Whaley, P. &Pullin, A. S. (2018).ROSES RepOrting standards for Systematic Evidence Syntheses:pro forma, flow-diagram and descriptive summary of the plan and conduct of environmental systematic reviews and systematic maps.Environ Evid7, 7.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13750-018-0121-7
Harun, R., Suhaimee, S., Mohd Amin, M. Z. &Sulaiman, N. H. (2015). Benchmarking and prospecting of technological practices in rice production.Economic and Technology Management Review, Vol. 10b (2015), 77-88.
Johari, M. Y. (1991).Poverty profile in Sabah. Issues and Strategies in Rural Development. Kota Kinabalu: Institute for Development Studies.
Kondoyanni, M., Loukatos, D., Maraveas, C., Drosos, C.& Arvanitis, K.G. (2022).Bio-inspired robots and structures toward fostering the modernization of agriculture. Biomimetics 7 (2) (2022) 69.
Li, W., Clark, B., Taylor, J. A., Kendall, H., Jones, G., Li, Z.& Frewer, L. J. (2020).A hybrid modelling approach to understanding adoption of precision agriculture technologies in Chinese cropping systems. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 172, 105305.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2020.105305
Lin, C. H., Shih, H. Y., & Sher, P. J. (2007).Integrating technology readiness into technology acceptance:The TRAM model. Psychology & Marketing,24(7),641–657.
Mat Lazim, R., Mat Nawi, N., Masroon, M. H., Abdullah, N. &Iskandar, M. M. (2020).Adoption of IR4.0 in agricultural sector in Malaysia: Potential and Challenges. Advance Agri Food Research Journal 2020.
March, J. G. (1991).Exploration and exploitation in organizational learning. Organization Science 2(1), 71-87.http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2.1.71
Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., Altman, D. G. & PRISMA Group (2009). Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: The PRISMA statement.Annals of Internal Medicine (151), 264-269.https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-151-4-200908180-00135
Nguyen, N., & Drakou, E. G. (2021).Farmers intention to adopt sustainable agriculture hinges on climate awareness: The case of Vietnamese coffee.Journal of Cleaner Production, 303, 126828.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.126828
Parasuraman, A. (2000).Technology Readiness Index (TRI): A Multiple-Item Scale to Measure Readiness to Embrace New Technologies. Journal of Service Research, 2(4), 307–320.
Parasuraman, A., & Colby, C. L. (2015). An Updated and Streamlined Technology Readiness Index: TRI 2.0. Journal of Service Research, 18(1),59–74. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094670514539730
Rahim, H., Abdul Wahab, M. A. M., Mat Amin, M. Z., Harun, A. & Haimid, M. T. (2017). Technological adoption evaluation of agricultural and food sectors towards modern agriculture: Tomato. Economic and Technology Management Review, Vol. 12 (2017),41-53.
Rusli, M., Samah, R., & Kamaruddin, R. (2023). Technology readiness index of paddy farmers in MADA, KADA, and IADA BLS, Malaysia.Journal of Economics and Sustainability,5(1), 27–42. https://doi.org/10.32890/jes2023.5.1.3
Saengavut, V., & Jirasatthumb, N. (2021).Smallholder decision-making process in technology adoption intention: implications for Dipterocarpus alatus in Northeastern Thailand.Heliyon, 7(4), e06633.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06633
Shaffril, H. A. M., Samah, A. A., & Samsuddin, S. F. (2021).Guidelines for developing a systematic literature review for studies related to climate change adaptation.Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28(18), 22265–22277.https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-13178-0
Sinha, B. B. & Dhanalakshmi, R. (2022).Recent advancements and challenges of internet of things in smart agriculture: A survey. Future Generation Computer Systems, Vol. 126,169-184, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2021.08.006.
Taherdoost, H. (2018).A review of technology acceptance and adoption models and theories. Procedia Manufacturing 22 (2018),960–967.
Venkatesh, V. (2006).Where to go from here? Thoughts on future directions for research on individual-level technology adoption with a focus on decision making. Decision Sciences Volume 37 Number 4, 497-518.
Venkatesh, V., Morris, M. G., Davis, B. D. & Davis, F. D. (2003).User acceptance of information technology: Toward a unified view.MIS Quarterly, 27(3), 425.https://doi.org/10.2307/30036540
Wang, Y., Jin, L., & Mao, H. (2019).Farmer cooperatives’ intention to adopt agricultural information technology—mediating effects of attitude.Information Systems Frontiers.https://doi.org/10.1007/s10796-019-09909-x
Wolfert, S., Ge, L., Verdouw, C., & Bogaardt, M.-J. (2017).Big Data in smart farming –A review. Agricultural Systems, 153, 69–80.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2017.01.023
Xu, J., Gu, B. &Tian, G. (2022).Review of agricultural IoT technology.Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture, Volume 6, 2022,10-22, ISSN 2589-7217, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aiia.2022.01.001.
Yusof, N. A. B. & Annuar, S. N. S. (2023).Market strategy and its influence on Sabah small farmer’s economic, social, and environmental sustainability performance. Proceedings of the International Conference on Communication, Language, Education and Social Sciences (CLESS 2022),pp. 117-131, Atlantis Press.
BookRogers , E. M. (1995).Diffusion of innovations, 4 , New York : Free Press.
EPU (2021).Twelfth Malaysia Plan 2021-2025: A prosperous, inclusive, sustainable Malaysia.Economic Planning Unit, Government of Malaysia.
MAFI (2021).Dasar Agromakanan Negara 2.0 2021-2030. Ministry of Agriculture and Food Industry, Government of Malaysia.
Sabah State Government (2021).Sabah Maju Jaya 1.0 Roadmap.Department of Public Services of Sabah State Government.
DOSM (2023a).Gross Domestic Product (GDP) by State, 2022, Department of Statistics Malaysia (DOSM).
DOSM (2022b).Statistics population, Department of Statistics Malaysia (DOSM).
FAO (2022) Tracking progress on food and agriculture-related SDG indicators 2022. Rome. Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations https://doi.org/10.4060/cc1403en
World Bank (2023) “Agriculture and Food: Overview”. https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/agriculture/overview. Last accessed 2 Feb 2023.
Daily Express (2022) “Use technology to raise output, farmers urged” https://www.dailyexpress.com.my/news/196891/use-technology-to-raise-output-farmers-urged/. Last accessed 29 Oct 2023.
UMS (2015) “Modern Agriculture Technologies Contributes to the Development of the Agriculture Sector: Sabah Chief Minister” https://www.ums.edu.my/v5/ms/discover-link-3/1362-sabah-chief-minister-modern-agriculture-technologies-contributes-to-the-development-of-the-agriculture-sector.Last accessed 29 Oct 2023.
Abu Dardak, R., Mohamad Tahir, M. A., Shafie, K. A. & Muhamad, R. M. (2022).Transfer of smart agriculture technology from MARDI to Young Agropreneurs in Malaysia: The case of high-value vegetable production by AgroCube. The FFTC Journal of Agricultural Policy, 2022, Vol. 3, 14-26.
Adnan, N., Nordin, S. M., & Rasli, A. M. (2019).A possible resolution of Malaysian sunset industry by green fertilizer technology: factors affecting the adoption among paddy farmers.Environmental Science and Pollution Research.doi:10.1007/s11356-019-05650-9
Ahmad Tarmizi, H., Kamarulzaman, N. H., Abd Rahman, A. & Atan, R. (2020).Adoption of internet of things among Malaysian halal agro-food SMEs and its challenges. Food Research 4 (Suppl. 1), 256 –265.
Aris, N. F. M. & Fatah, F. A. (2021).The pull and push factors towards the adoption of Agricultural Revolution 4.0 (AR4.0) for agro-food supply chain (AFSC) in SMIs agro-based in Malaysia.Second Asia Pacific International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management.
Ataei, P., Gholamrezai, S., Movahedi, R., & Aliabadi, V. (2020).An analysis of farmers’ intention to use green pesticides: The application of the extended theory of planned behavior and health belief model.Journal of Rural Studies.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2020.11.003
Bujang, A. S. & Bakar, B. H. A. (2019) Agriculture 4.0: Data-driven approach to galvanize Malaysia’s agro-food sector development, FFTC Agricultural Platform.
Caffaro, F., Micheletti Cremasco, M., Roccato, M., & Cavallo, E. (2020).Drivers of farmers’ intention to adopt technological innovations in Italy: The role of information sources, perceived usefulness, and perceived ease of use.Journal of RuralStudies.
Chiu, W. & Cho, H. (2020). The role of technology readiness in individuals’ intention to use health and fitness applications: a comparison between users and non-users, Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics (33),3, 807-825.
Compernolle, M. V., Buyle, R., Mannens, E., Vanlishout, Z., Vlassenroot, E., & Mechant, P. (2018). “Technology readiness and acceptance model” as a predictor for the use intention of data standards in smart cities.Media and Communication,6(4), 127-139.
Damerji, H., & Salimi, A. (2021). Mediating effect of use perceptions on technology readiness and adoption of artificial intelligence in accounting.Accounting Education,30(2), 107-130.
Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology. MIS Quarterly, 13(3), 319–340.
El Bilali, H., Ben Hassen, T., Bottalico, F., Berjan, S. & Capone, R. (2021).Acceptance and adoption of technologies in agriculture. AGROFOR International Journal, Vol. 6, Issue No. 1, 2021.
Haddaway, N. R., Macura, B., Whaley, P. &Pullin, A. S. (2018).ROSES RepOrting standards for Systematic Evidence Syntheses:pro forma, flow-diagram and descriptive summary of the plan and conduct of environmental systematic reviews and systematic maps.Environ Evid7, 7.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13750-018-0121-7
Harun, R., Suhaimee, S., Mohd Amin, M. Z. &Sulaiman, N. H. (2015). Benchmarking and prospecting of technological practices in rice production.Economic and Technology Management Review, Vol. 10b (2015), 77-88.
Johari, M. Y. (1991).Poverty profile in Sabah. Issues and Strategies in Rural Development. Kota Kinabalu: Institute for Development Studies.
Kondoyanni, M., Loukatos, D., Maraveas, C., Drosos, C.& Arvanitis, K.G. (2022).Bio-inspired robots and structures toward fostering the modernization of agriculture. Biomimetics 7 (2) (2022) 69.
Li, W., Clark, B., Taylor, J. A., Kendall, H., Jones, G., Li, Z.& Frewer, L. J. (2020).A hybrid modelling approach to understanding adoption of precision agriculture technologies in Chinese cropping systems. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 172, 105305.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2020.105305
Lin, C. H., Shih, H. Y., & Sher, P. J. (2007).Integrating technology readiness into technology acceptance:The TRAM model. Psychology & Marketing,24(7),641–657.
Mat Lazim, R., Mat Nawi, N., Masroon, M. H., Abdullah, N. &Iskandar, M. M. (2020).Adoption of IR4.0 in agricultural sector in Malaysia: Potential and Challenges. Advance Agri Food Research Journal 2020.
March, J. G. (1991).Exploration and exploitation in organizational learning. Organization Science 2(1), 71-87.http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2.1.71
Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., Altman, D. G. & PRISMA Group (2009). Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: The PRISMA statement.Annals of Internal Medicine (151), 264-269.https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-151-4-200908180-00135
Nguyen, N., & Drakou, E. G. (2021).Farmers intention to adopt sustainable agriculture hinges on climate awareness: The case of Vietnamese coffee.Journal of Cleaner Production, 303, 126828.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.126828
Parasuraman, A. (2000).Technology Readiness Index (TRI): A Multiple-Item Scale to Measure Readiness to Embrace New Technologies. Journal of Service Research, 2(4), 307–320.
Parasuraman, A., & Colby, C. L. (2015). An Updated and Streamlined Technology Readiness Index: TRI 2.0. Journal of Service Research, 18(1),59–74. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094670514539730
Rahim, H., Abdul Wahab, M. A. M., Mat Amin, M. Z., Harun, A. & Haimid, M. T. (2017). Technological adoption evaluation of agricultural and food sectors towards modern agriculture: Tomato. Economic and Technology Management Review, Vol. 12 (2017),41-53.
Rusli, M., Samah, R., & Kamaruddin, R. (2023). Technology readiness index of paddy farmers in MADA, KADA, and IADA BLS, Malaysia.Journal of Economics and Sustainability,5(1), 27–42. https://doi.org/10.32890/jes2023.5.1.3
Saengavut, V., & Jirasatthumb, N. (2021).Smallholder decision-making process in technology adoption intention: implications for Dipterocarpus alatus in Northeastern Thailand.Heliyon, 7(4), e06633.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06633
Shaffril, H. A. M., Samah, A. A., & Samsuddin, S. F. (2021).Guidelines for developing a systematic literature review for studies related to climate change adaptation.Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28(18), 22265–22277.https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-13178-0
Sinha, B. B. & Dhanalakshmi, R. (2022).Recent advancements and challenges of internet of things in smart agriculture: A survey. Future Generation Computer Systems, Vol. 126,169-184, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2021.08.006.
Taherdoost, H. (2018).A review of technology acceptance and adoption models and theories. Procedia Manufacturing 22 (2018),960–967.
Venkatesh, V. (2006).Where to go from here? Thoughts on future directions for research on individual-level technology adoption with a focus on decision making. Decision Sciences Volume 37 Number 4, 497-518.
Venkatesh, V., Morris, M. G., Davis, B. D. & Davis, F. D. (2003).User acceptance of information technology: Toward a unified view.MIS Quarterly, 27(3), 425.https://doi.org/10.2307/30036540
Wang, Y., Jin, L., & Mao, H. (2019).Farmer cooperatives’ intention to adopt agricultural information technology—mediating effects of attitude.Information Systems Frontiers.https://doi.org/10.1007/s10796-019-09909-x
Wolfert, S., Ge, L., Verdouw, C., & Bogaardt, M.-J. (2017).Big Data in smart farming –A review. Agricultural Systems, 153, 69–80.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2017.01.023
Xu, J., Gu, B. &Tian, G. (2022).Review of agricultural IoT technology.Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture, Volume 6, 2022,10-22, ISSN 2589-7217, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aiia.2022.01.001.
Yusof, N. A. B. & Annuar, S. N. S. (2023).Market strategy and its influence on Sabah small farmer’s economic, social, and environmental sustainability performance. Proceedings of the International Conference on Communication, Language, Education and Social Sciences (CLESS 2022),pp. 117-131, Atlantis Press.
BookRogers , E. M. (1995).Diffusion of innovations, 4 , New York : Free Press.
EPU (2021).Twelfth Malaysia Plan 2021-2025: A prosperous, inclusive, sustainable Malaysia.Economic Planning Unit, Government of Malaysia.
MAFI (2021).Dasar Agromakanan Negara 2.0 2021-2030. Ministry of Agriculture and Food Industry, Government of Malaysia.
Sabah State Government (2021).Sabah Maju Jaya 1.0 Roadmap.Department of Public Services of Sabah State Government.
DOSM (2023a).Gross Domestic Product (GDP) by State, 2022, Department of Statistics Malaysia (DOSM).
DOSM (2022b).Statistics population, Department of Statistics Malaysia (DOSM).
FAO (2022) Tracking progress on food and agriculture-related SDG indicators 2022. Rome. Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations https://doi.org/10.4060/cc1403en
World Bank (2023) “Agriculture and Food: Overview”. https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/agriculture/overview. Last accessed 2 Feb 2023.
Daily Express (2022) “Use technology to raise output, farmers urged” https://www.dailyexpress.com.my/news/196891/use-technology-to-raise-output-farmers-urged/. Last accessed 29 Oct 2023.
UMS (2015) “Modern Agriculture Technologies Contributes to the Development of the Agriculture Sector: Sabah Chief Minister” https://www.ums.edu.my/v5/ms/discover-link-3/1362-sabah-chief-minister-modern-agriculture-technologies-contributes-to-the-development-of-the-agriculture-sector.Last accessed 29 Oct 2023.
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Published
2024-02-23
How to Cite
Mohd Yaakub, N. A., Sumin, V., & Ung, L. L. (2024). Exploring Technology Readiness and Acceptance of Small-scale Farmers in Sabah towards the Adoption of Internet of Things Technology. International Student Conference on Business, Education, Economics, Accounting, and Management (ISC-BEAM), 1(1), 688–705. https://doi.org/10.21009/ISC-BEAM.011.49
