Enhancing Workforce Agility for Digital Transformation in Public Sector Organizations: A System Literature Review
Keywords:
Keywords: workforce agility; digital transformation; transformational leadership; organizational culture; knowledge sharing; agile performance.Abstract
This study presents a systematic literature review on workforce agility as a strategic capability to drive digital transformation in public sector organizations. By synthesizing studies from 2021–2025, we analyze how leadership, organizational culture, structural design, learning orientation, and technology adoption interact to enable agile behavior among civil servants. The review finds that workforce agility enhances service innovation, task performance, responsiveness, and employee well being particularly in hybrid and crisis contexts. Key enablers include transformational/empowering leadership, goal clarity, trust in leadership, a collaborative culture, psychological empowerment, knowledge sharing, and data-driven feedback. Major barriers comprise rigid bureaucracy, digital inertia, and resistance to change. We propose a conceptual model positioning workforce agility as a core capability that links managerial practices and organizational architecture with digital transformation outcomes and sustainable public value. Policy implications highlight the development of competencies through project based learning, adaptive job design, and agile performance systems that connect service metrics with citizen outcomes.
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