Jurnal Konversi Energi dan Manufaktur

COVER AND PREFACE JURNAL KONVERSI ENERGI DAN MANUFAKTUR VOL. 9 NO. 1 (2024)

2024-01-02T08:57:37+07:00

SUMMARY. Rohmatin et al., in their paper, identified the movements that occur when using a portable study table and analyzed indications of user posture risks that could be experienced when utilizing a portable study table. Wahyudi and Kusuma, in their paper, analyze heat rate losses due to parameter deviations according to actual conditions and calculate cost savings and possible improvements to determine the performance of PLTU Banten 3 Lontar unit 2. Medikano et al., in their paper, innovate the wrench to simplify the machine maintenance process. Prasetyo et al., in their report, designed, developed, and tested a prototype of a grain drying machine based on hybrid PLTS technology. This research focuses on drying machine power calculations, thermal analysis, grain drying efficiency, and evaluation of PLTS systems. Sukarno et al., in their paper, developed an automatic water recirculation system to save clean water use and energy consumption in tilapia cultivation using a microcontroller based on pH and turbidity values (NTU). Wijianto and Alfitrah, in their paper, simulated the fluid flow in this downdraft-type gasification installation to determine the influence of heat distribution or temperature in the gasification equipment installation and the effect of the mass flow rate of cooling water on the airflow out of the reactor. Widodo and Golwa, in their paper, carried out an analysis using finite element methods (FEM) to simulate complex physical phenomena to obtain deformation and strain values for HSS chisels in the turning process with ST42 steel workpieces. Nuha and Golwa, in their paper, analyzed the wear value of carbide-type tool edges in the ST41 material turning process based on the friction force between the tool and the workpiece.

ANALISIS INDIKASI RESIKO POSTUR PENGGUNA DESAIN MEJA BELAJAR PORTABEL

2024-01-02T09:09:59+07:00

Study portable desks can help people easily move from one another place. Using a study portable desk would make users fix the position once a few moments so that they risk experiencing bodily discomfort. Analysis indications of posture risk can be done by selecting launch rapid upper limb assessment (RULA) analysis from the ergonomic tools toolbar in CATIA software. This research aims to identify movements that occur when using a portable study desk and to analyze user posture risks that can be experienced when using a portable study desk. Based on the research results, it is known that the body posture of portable study desk users for group A on the upper arms is in the range of 20-45°, and the lower arms are in the range of 60-100°. The wrist enters the neutral position range. The rotation of the wrist can be seen that the hand is pointing inward. It has a degree of freedom of 90° with a maximum flexion angle of 160° and a minimum extension angle of 0°. Group B body posture for the stem body has a degree of freedom of 0°. The legs experience a slight downward movement with a degree of freedom of 6.061° and a maximum flexion angle of 135°. Posture analysis results for body parts. Details of the upper arm, forearm, wrist, and wrist twist have a score of 1, which means no posture needs to be corrected and the posture is acceptable. Details of body parts, namely neck, trunk, and legs, are indicated in green, which means no posture needs to be corrected and the posture is acceptable. The score results for body parts with the static posture option get an assessment score of 2 with a green color indication, so it can be concluded that the risk indication for this posture is acceptable.

ANALISIS RUGI-RUGI HEAT RATE PLTU BANTEN 3 LONTAR AKIBAT DEVIASI PARAMETER PADA KONDISI AKTUAL MENGGUNAKAN ANALISIS GAP

2024-01-02T09:10:07+07:00

Steam power plant (PLTU) is one type of energy conversion technology to generate electricity from fossil materials. The performance of a PLTU unit will begin to decline as the unit ages. In addition to age, performance degradation can also be caused by deviation of operating parameters, which can cause heat rate losses. The purpose of this study is to determine the performance of PLTU Banten 3 Lontar unit 2 by analyzing heat rate losses due to parameter deviations according to actual conditions and calculating cost savings and possible improvements. The research methodology used is an evaluation method where the actual data of operating parameters will be compared with the baseline data. The comparison will produce a deviation value, which is then used to obtain the value of heat loss, cost loss, and improvement recommendations for the plant. Baseline data is obtained from the interpolation equation of commissioning testing at 3 different variation loads. From the study, it is known that there was an increase in Nett Plant Heat Rate (NPHR) with an average of 561 kCal / kWh. The increase in NPHR occurred due to heat rate losses, where the decrease in turbine HP efficiency was the main cause, with an average loss of 87.96 kCal / kWh or 24.53% of total losses. Assuming that all heat rate losses during testing can be corrected, the average potential energy savings per day is 8,604,802 kCal/kWh, while the average cost savings are Rp1,534,046,000/month.

INOVASI DESAIN KUNCI PAS MENGGUNAKAN CATIA V5R20 DENGAN PENDEKATAN ANTROPOMETRI (STUDI KASUS PADA PT. KARYA BAHANA UNIGAM DIVISI PEMELIHARAAN MESIN)

2024-01-02T09:10:10+07:00

Since the occurrence of the Covid-19 pandemic in early 2020 in Indonesia, it has been necessary to maintain the body's immunity so that it remains stable so that the body is not easily exposed to the virus. For that, PT Karya Bahana Unigam needs to do something that can facilitate the maintenance of press machines by innovating on wrenches as a tool to simplify the machine maintenance process. The innovation that was carried out on this spanner started with distributing questionnaires to machine maintenance operators at PT Karya Bahana Unigam with the aim of knowing the needs of users and knowing the technical characteristics of these innovative products. After making the House of Quality (HOQ), anthropometric calculations are carried out to determine the dimensions of the Wrench innovation product to be made. The results of anthropometric calculations show that the spanner product length is 32.2 cm, the spanner innovation product width is 5 cm, and the spanner product width is 1.34 cm. The design was made using CATIA V5R20 software with a 3-dimensional design form, and drafting was also carried out to find out the design from various views. The folding wrench design consists of 3 components, namely a size 17 spanner, a size 13 spanner, and a pin as a key hinge.

RANCANGAN PROTOTIPE MESIN PENGERING GABAH BERBASIS TEKNOLOGI HYBRID

2024-01-02T09:09:32+07:00

Until now, the process of processing paddy into rice still relies heavily on the traditional and commonly used methods. During the drying stage, the harvested rice grains are spread out and sun dried. To address this issue, an effective solution is needed to enhance the quality of of rice seeds. Therefore, a post harvest rice handling technology is being developed with a hybrid technology based grain drying tool, where solar energy is still harnessed through photovoltaic solar panels (PLTS). The purpose of this research is to design, develop, and test a prototype grain drying machine abased on hybrid PLTS technology. The research focuses on calculating the power drying, and evaluating the PLTS system. The methods used include testing grain drying with variations in temperatures of 45ºC, 50ºC, dan 51ºC , as well as a grain weight of 8 kg. the greatest energy consumption during drying is directed towards the PLTS battery system, and calculations are performed to determine the duration of battery usage. The research findings reveal drying efficiencies of 9.7%, 12.8%, and 13.12% and final mouisture contents of 16.3%, 14.6% and 14.1 % at temperatures of 45ºC, 50ºC, and 51ºC respectively. The optimal drying times are 2 hours at 45ºC and 50ºC, and 1.5 hours at 51ºC. the battery usage time with a power of 209 W is 2.3 hours.

SISTEM RESIRKULASI AIR OTOMATIS UNTUK PENGHEMATAN AIR BERSIH DAN ENERGI PADA BUDIDAYA IKAN NILA

2024-01-02T09:08:39+07:00

The acidity and turbidity of water are essential factors in tilapia farming, so it is necessary to control the acidity (pH) and turbidity (NTU) of water. This research aims to develop an automatic water recirculation system to save the use of clean water and energy consumption in tilapia fish farming using a microcontroller based on pH and turbidity (NTU) values. The research method used is experimental, starting with design and manfacture an Experimental apparatus in the form of a fish pond from a box-shaped tarpaulin, a filter system, a water circulation system consisting of pipes and a pump that has a suction power of 25 lpm, an Arduino-based microcontroller water quality controller. Tests were carried out by comparing water's pH and NTU values before and after filtering. The results showed that using a water recirculation system in a fish pond equipped with a filter system and an Arduino-based microcontroller system can significantly maintain the pH value and reduce the turbidity level (NTU). Using a recirculation system provides energy savings for pump consumption of 51.4% at a water flow rate of 15 lpm and 32.3% at a water flow rate of 25 lpm compared to conventional systems. Overall, the recirculation system provides the benefits of energy savings in pump operation, savings in water usage, and controlled water quality.

SIMULASI ALIRAN FLUIDA PADA INSTALASI GASIFIKASI TIPE DOWNDRAFT

2024-01-02T09:06:29+07:00

The development of energy is very important to maintain oil reserves and also substitute for fossil fuels. Agricultural waste can be used as an alternative raw material to assist in the depletion of petroleum reserves and increase the use value of agricultural waste. Gasification is a process that converts energy into syngas that can be used for fuel. Fluid flow simulation research in the downdraft was conducted to determine the effect of the heat distribution or temperature on the gasification equipment installation and the effect of the cooling water mass flow rate on the airflow out of the reactor. Numerical study method using computational fluid dynamic solidworks flow simulation software. The fixed variables in the simulation are inlet air velocity 1.27, 1.36, and 1.49 m/s where this figure is obtained from an experiment to test the characterization of the downdraft actual the simulation in the reactor shows the temperature of the combustion reactor is 800-850ºC to be 400-450ºC at the reactor output. The simulation on the heat exchanger is carried out to reduce the air temperature to the temperature operating engine. The heat exchanger uses water fluid with a mass flow rate of 0.05 kg/s. The best simulation is obtained at the variation of air velocity 1.27 m/s and temperature reactor 900ºC where the output temperature is 92.11ºC. Doing a new experiment on gasification, then doing a simulation first, will make the gasification work easier.

ANALISIS LAJU DEFORMASI PAHAT HSS PADA SIMULASI PEMBUBUTAN MESIN CNC DENGAN APLIKASI ANSYS

2024-01-02T09:10:03+07:00

The demand to improve quality and productivity in the manufacturing industry underlies the analysis of tool deformation rates in the turning process. The methods used previously are considered inaccurate, and the provided information is incomplete. Therefore, detailed and accurate simulations are needed to determine deformation and strain values in HSS chisels. This study aims to obtain deformation and strain values on high speed steel (HSS) chisels in the process of turning ST42 steel workpieces using the finite element methods (FEM) method. The analysis was carried out using the ANSYS explicit dynamics application. This application aims to simulate complex physical phenomena by entering predetermined parameters, including diameter, spindle rotation, and workpiece and tool properties. HSS chisels are used in this simulation with ST42 steel workpieces. The variables in this study were the workpiece diameters of 30 mm, 40 mm, and 50 mm, with the same length of 200 mm. From the simulation results, it is evident that the maximum deformation value of the HSS tool on a diameter of 30 mm workpiece is 205.04 µm at a time step of 1.0 x 10^-4 seconds. On a diameter of 40 mm workpiece, it is 205.19 µm at the same time step, and for a workpiece with a diameter of 50 mm, the tool deformation is 205.23 µm at the same time step. Additionally, the strain value on the HSS chisel with a workpiece diameter of 30 mm is 0.689 µm at a time step of 1.0 x 10^-4 seconds. For a workpiece with a diameter of 40 mm, the strain is 0.783 µm at a time step of 1.0011 x 10^-4 seconds, and on a workpiece with a diameter of 50 mm, the final strain on the tool is 0.866 µm at a time step of 1.0 x10^-4 seconds.

ANALISIS LAJU DEFORMASI PAHAT CARBIDE PADA SIMULASI PEMBUBUTAN BAJA ST41 DENGAN MESIN BUBUT KONVENSIONAL MENGGUNAKAN SOFTWARE ANSYS

2024-01-02T09:03:47+07:00

In the machining process, knowledge of the tool and workpiece is required to achieve maximum results between quality and productivity. Tool wear parameters are very important to know because the process of changing or sharpening the tool can be predicted. One thing that influences the tool wear rate is the friction force between the tool and the workpiece. This frictional force will produce vibrations and heat energy, causing the chisel grains to erode so that they will experience wear within certain standards. This research aims to analyze the wear value of carbide-type tool edges in the ST41 material turning process based on the friction force that occurs between the tool and the workpiece. Then, from the wear value, the recommended cutting speed is. The method used is simulation-based research using ANSYS software, especially ANSYS Mechanical, by entering predetermined parameters, including diameter and spindle rotation. From the simulation results, the total deformation of workpieces with diameters of 25 mm, 35 mm and 45 mm is 0.363 μm, 0.155 μm and 0.152 μm, respectively. It can be concluded from the simulation results that the largest total deformation is at a diameter of 25 mm.