POLA ASUH ORANG TUA TERHADAP ANAK PASCA PERCERAIAN
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21009/JKKP.122.05Abstract
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan pola pengasuhan orang tua setelah perceraian serta menganalisis dampaknya terhadap kondisi emosional dan sosial anak. Latar belakang penelitian berangkat dari meningkatnya angka perceraian di Indonesia yang berdampak signifikan bagi anak sebagai pihak paling rentan secara psikologis maupun sosial. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif untuk memahami secara mendalam dinamika pengasuhan anak dalam keluarga bercerai. Subjek penelitian dipilih secara purposive, yaitu empat anak dari keluarga bercerai yang tinggal di Surabaya dan Malang. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan dokumentasi selama dua minggu. Analisis data menggunakan model Miles dan Huberman yang mencakup reduksi, penyajian, serta penarikan kesimpulan data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya variasi pola asuh yang diterapkan oleh orang tua pasca perceraian, yaitu otoritatif, otoriter, permisif, dan abai. Pola asuh otoritatif memberikan dampak positif berupa kestabilan emosi, rasa aman, serta dukungan sosial yang kuat bagi anak, sedangkan pola otoriter, permisif, dan abai cenderung menimbulkan kecemasan, kebingungan, serta jarak emosional antara anak dan orang tua. Meskipun demikian, sebagian anak menunjukkan kemampuan adaptasi, kemandirian, dan ketangguhan setelah perceraian. Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya peran orang tua dalam memberikan dukungan emosional dan keterlibatan aktif meskipun hubungan pernikahan telah berakhir. Implikasi penelitian diharapkan dapat menjadi referensi bagi orang tua, pendidik, dan konselor dalam menerapkan pola asuh yang tepat untuk menjaga kesejahteraan psikososial anak pasca perceraian.
Abstract
This study aims to describe parenting patterns after divorce and analyze their impact on children's emotional and social well-being. The background of this study stems from the increasing divorce rate in Indonesia, which has a significant impact on children as the most psychologically and socially vulnerable group. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach to gain an in-depth understanding of the dynamics of child rearing in divorced families. The research subjects were selected purposively, namely four children from divorced families living in Surabaya and Malang. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation over a period of two weeks. Data analysis used the Miles and Huberman model, which includes data reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of the study show that there are variations in the parenting styles applied by parents after divorce, namely authoritative, authoritarian, permissive, and neglectful. Authoritative parenting has a positive impact in the form of emotional stability, a sense of security, and strong social support for children, while authoritarian, permissive, and neglectful parenting tends to cause anxiety, confusion, and emotional distance between children and parents. However, some children show adaptability, independence, and resilience after divorce. These findings emphasize the importance of the role of parents in providing emotional support and active involvement even after the marriage has ended. The implications of this study are expected to serve as a reference for parents, educators, and counselors in applying appropriate parenting styles to maintain the psychosocial well-being of children after divorce.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Dewi Sekar Wangi Ningrum, Dwi Emilia Rosanti, Dyah Ayu Ratna Angely, Malikhatun Ni'mah, Shafa Aulia Rayyani

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