DARI PIRING KE PRESTASI: DAMPAK MAKANAN BERGIZI GRATIS DI SEKOLAH DASAR
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21009/jpd.v16i2.63312Keywords:
Free Nutritious Meals, Elementary Schools, Child NutritionAbstract
The free nutritious meal program in elementary schools is a crucial strategy for addressing nutritional deficiencies and supporting improved student learning. This study aims to explore in depth the experiences, perceptions, and impacts of the free, nutritious meal program on students' learning readiness and Well-being. A qualitative approach using desk research methods was used to analyse academic literature, reports, and policies related to nutrition interventions in schools. The analysis was conducted using a descriptive and inductive approach, grouping findings into relevant themes. The free nutritious meal program is an investment in human capital that has the potential to strengthen the foundations of elementary school children's health, cognitive development, and education. Effective implementation requires strong governance, school community involvement, and sustainable policies. Further research is needed to assess the long-term impacts and better understand students' experiences. This study concludes that the free nutritious meal program functions as a multidimensional intervention that supports human capital development from an early age. Research implications include the importance of improving program governance, strengthening regulations, and integrating nutrition and education policies. Further research is recommended to examine the long-term impacts and develop implementation models that are more adaptive to local contexts.
References
Arifin, S. R., Tanziha, I., Ekayanti, I., & Ahmad, A. (2025). The impact of a free nutritious meal program on elementary school students’ concentration levels. AcTion: Aceh Nutrition Journal, 10(3), 790. https://doi.org/10.30867/action.v10i3.2737
Azizi, M. S. I. (2025). Kontroversi Pendanaan dan Efektivitas Program Makan Gratis di Sekolah Dasar. Arunika Widya: Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar Dan Menengah, 1(1), 77–88.
Costello, S. E., Geiser, E., & Schneider, N. (2021). Nutrients for executive function development and related brain connectivity in school-aged children. Nutrition Reviews, 79(12), 1293–1306. https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuaa134
Eyes, I. N. (2025). Evaluasi Program Makan Siang Gratis di Sekolah: Dampak terhadap Gizi, Kesehatan, dan Motivasi Belajar Siswa. Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, 1(4), 232–245. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.65094/yctb3a45
Fathi, L. I., Walker, J., Dix, C. F., Cartwright, J. R., Joubert, S., Carmichael, K. A., Huang, Y.-S., Littlewood, R., & Truby, H. (2023). Applying the Integrated Sustainability Framework to explore the long-term sustainability of nutrition education programmes in schools: a systematic review. Public Health Nutrition, 26(10), 2165–2179. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980023001647
Febryanti, I., Indiati, I., Pane, M. A., & Astuti, P. (2025). Implementasi Kebijakan Makan Bergizi Gratis (MBG) Berdasarkan Peraturan Presiden Nomor 83 Tahun 2024 tentang Badan Gizi Nasional (Studi Pada SDN 3 Kepanjen Kabupaten Malang). Dialogue: Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi Publik, 7(1), 67–79.
George, A., & George, D. (2025). The Impact of School Feeding Programs on Pupil Attendance and Academic Achievement in Sierra Leone. American Journal of Education and Information Technology, 9(1), 33–38. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajeit.20250901.15
Hartline-Grafton, H., & Levin, M. (2022). Breakfast and School-Related Outcomes in Children and Adolescents in the US: A Literature Review and its Implications for School Nutrition Policy. Current Nutrition Reports, 11(4), 653–664. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13668-022-00434-z
Hasibuan, A. T., & Prastowo, A. (2019). Konsep pendidikan abad 21: kepemimpinan dan pengembangan sumber daya manusia SD/MI. MAGISTRA: Media Pengembangan Ilmu Pendidikan Dasar Dan Keislaman, 10(1).
Hasibuan, A. T., Sianipar, M. R., Ramdhani, A. D., Putri, F. W., & Ritonga, N. Z. (2022). Konsep dan Karakteristik Penelitian Kualitatif Serta Perbedaannya Dengan Penelitian Kuantitatif. Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai, 6(2), 8686–8692.
Islam, M. S., & Amin, M. (2022). A systematic review of human capital and employee well-being: putting human capital back on the track. European Journal of Training and Development, 46(5/6), 504–534. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJTD-12-2020-0177
Lisa, L., Merli, M., Puji, P., Nova, N., Rahma, R., Annisa, A., Gina, G., Reva, R., & Marniati, M. (2025). Edukasi Gizi Seimbang Untuk Meningkatkan Kesehatan Dan Konsentrasi Belajar Anak Sekolah Dasar. Zona: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat, 2(2), 195–206. https://doi.org/10.71153/zona.v2i2.162
Locke, A., James, M., Jones, H., Davies, R., Williams, F., & Brophy, S. (2025). Impacts of Global School Feeding Programmes on Children’s Health and Wellbeing Outcomes: A Scoping Review. BMJ Open, 15(10), e093244. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2024-093244
Martorell, R. (2017). Improved nutrition in the first 1000 days and adult human capital and health. American Journal of Human Biology, 29(2). https://doi.org/10.1002/ajhb.22952
Masita, M., Kurnianto, D., Apriani, F., & Dinoto, M. (2025). Makna Program Makan Bergizi Gratis terhadap Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Siswa SMK Menuju Generasi Emas 2045. J-SAVE: Jurnal Of Science and Vocational Education, 1(1), 43–53.
Nadezhina, O., & Avduevskaia, E. (2021). Genesis of human capital theory in the context of digitalization. European Conference on Knowledge Management, 577–584.
Omidvar, N., Doustmohammadian, A., Shakibazadeh, E., Clark, C. C. T., Kasaii, M. S., & Hajigholam-Saryazdi, M. (2023). Effects of school-based interventions on Food and Nutrition Literacy (FNLIT) in primary-school-age children: a systematic review. British Journal of Nutrition, 129(12), 2102–2121. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114522002811
Pindiharti, D., Cholifihani, M., Rustanto, A. E., & Mariam, S. (2024). Evaluasi Implementasi Kebijakan Penyediaan Makanan Tambahan Anak Sekolah (PMTAS) Pada Sekolah Dasar Negeri di Suku Dinas Pendidikan Wilayah II Kota Administrasi Jakarta Barat. The Indonesian Journal of Public Administration (IJPA), 10(2), 211–227.
Pires, P. A. R., Flor, C. P., Santos, F. T., & Kaminice, H. S. M. (2024). NEURODESENVOLVIMENTO INFANTIL E NUTRIÇÃO: O PAPEL DOS MICRONUTRIENTES ESSENCIAIS NOS PRIMEIROS ANOS DE VIDA. In Vigilância do Desenvolvimento Infantil Típico e Neurodiverso: conceituação e processos inclusivos - Volume 3 (pp. 71–80). Editora Científica Digital. https://doi.org/10.37885/240917691
Programme, W. F. (2024). State of School Feeding Worldwide 2024. World Food Programme. https://doi.org/10.71958/wfp130772
Rahman, F., Anggara, B., & Permata, I. (2025). The Impact of Early Childhood Nutrition on Cognitive and Physical Development : A Longitudinal Study. Journal of Nutrition in Child Development, 1(1), 7.
Roberts, M., Tolar-Peterson, T., Reynolds, A., Wall, C., Reeder, N., & Rico Mendez, G. (2022). The Effects of Nutritional Interventions on the Cognitive Development of Preschool-Age Children: A Systematic Review. Nutrients, 14(3), 532. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14030532
Saavedra, J. M., & Prentice, A. M. (2023). Nutrition in school-age children: a rationale for revisiting priorities. Nutrition Reviews, 81(7), 823–843. https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuac089
Singh, S., Awasthi, S., Kumar, D., Sarraf, S. R., Pandey, A. K., Agarwal, G. G., Awasthi, A., T. S., A., Mathew, J. L., Kar, S., Nair, S., Rao, C. R., Pande, H., Mahanta, B. N., Bharti, B., Singh, C. M., Singh, K., Bhat, M. A., A. R., S., … Mahdi, A. A. (2023). Micronutrients and cognitive functions among urban school-going children and adolescents: A cross-sectional multicentric study from India. PLOS ONE, 18(2), e0281247. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0281247
Spill, M. K., Trivedi, R., Thoerig, R. C., Balalian, A. A., Schwartz, M. B., Gundersen, C., Odoms-Young, A., Racine, E. F., Foster, M. J., Davis, J. S., & MacFarlane, A. J. (2024). Universal Free School Meals and School and Student Outcomes. JAMA Network Open, 7(8), e2424082. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.24082
Sugiyono. (2017). Metode penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif, dan R&D. Alfabeta.
Sulistiyo, U. (2023). Metode Penelitian Kualitatif. PT Salim Media Indonesia.
Syapitri, H., Amila, N., Kep, M., Kep, S., & Aritonang, J. (2021). Buku Ajar Metodologi Penelitian Kesehatan. Ahlimedia Book.
Varela, P., De Rosso, S., Ferreira Moura, A., Galler, M., Philippe, K., Pickard, A., Rageliene, T., Sick, J., van Nee, R., Almli, V. L., Ares, G., Grønhøj, A., Spinelli, S., & van Kleef, E. (2024). Bringing down barriers to children’s healthy eating: a critical review of opportunities, within a complex food system. Nutrition Research Reviews, 37(2), 331–351. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954422423000203
Wang, D., & Fawzi, W. W. (2020). Impacts of school feeding on educational and health outcomes of school-age children and adolescents in low- and middle-income countries: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. Systematic Reviews, 9(1), 55. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-020-01317-6
Wang, D., Shinde, S., Young, T., & Fawzi, W. W. (2021). Impacts of school feeding on educational and health outcomes of school-age children and adolescents in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Global Health, 11, 04051. https://doi.org/10.7189/jogh.11.04051
Zhao, C., Chen, B., & Song, Z. (2024). School nutritious feeding and cognitive abilities of students in poverty: Evidence from the nutrition improvement program in China. Children and Youth Services Review, 159, 107519. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.107519
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar
