Analisis Kesalahan Siswa dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Cerita Bertipe Trends In International Mathematics And Science Study Materi Volume Bangun Ruang Sisi Datar dengan Model Skematik Fong Pada Siswa Kelas VIII di SMP Negeri 236 Jakarta
Keywords:
Analisis Kesalahan FONG, TIMSS, Volume Bangun Ruang Sisi Datar.Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tipe kesalahan yang dilakukan oleh siswa serta mengetahui faktor-faktor kesalahan yang dilakukan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita bertipe TIMSS pada materi Volume Bangun Ruang Sisi Datar berdasarkan Analisis Kesalahan Model Skematik Fong. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII di SMP Negeri 236 Jakarta pada tahun ajaran 2023-2024. Pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini dilakukan melalui tes tertulis, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan soal dengan 3 domain TIMSS, yaitu domain applying, knowing, dan reasoning. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan Model Skematik Fong tahap I, yaitu skema E1 tidak ada penyelesaian, E2 menggunakan prosedur yang tidak relevan, E3 skema tidak lengkap tanpa kesalahan, E4 skema tidak lengkap dengan kesalahan, E5 skema lengkap dengan kesalahan. Dan kesalahan tahap II yaitu kesalahan dalam bahasa dan operasional matematika. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kesalahan yang dilakukan siswa antara lain, tidak ada solusi yang diberikan oleh siswa, siswa salah mengambil informasi pada soal, siswa tidak menuliskan satuan, siswa tidak menuliskan kesimpulan, siswa tidak mengerjakan proses pengerjaan hingga selesai, kesalahan dalam perhitungan, siswa menggunakan prosedur yang tidak sesuai dengan jawaban yang semestinya. Penyebab kesalahan-kesalahan antara lain, siswa tidak dapat menangkap atau memahami informasi yang ada pada soal sehingga terjadi kesalahan langkah dalam mengerjakan soal, siswa tidak teliti dalam membaca soal sehingga terdapat kesalahan proses pengerjannya, siswa kurang memahami bahwa menuliskan jawaban dengan lengkap misalnya menuliskan satuan merupakan hal penting, siswa belum menguasai variasi bentuk jaring-jaring bangun ruang, kurangnya penguasaan langkah-langkah untuk mengerjakan soal.
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