Application of GIS in Tsunami Hazard Mapping on the Kulon Progo Coast, Special Region of Yogyakarta

Abstract

Indonesia has a high vulnerability to earthquakes and tsunamis as it lies within the Pacific Ring of Fire. One of the most exposed areas is the coastal region of Kulon Progo, directly facing the Indian Ocean. This study aims to map the tsunami hazard level along the Kulon Progo coast using a Geographic Information System (GIS) approach. The data used include DEMNAS, land use, shoreline, and administrative boundaries from BIG, as well as earthquake data from USGS. The inundation modeling was conducted using the Berryman method through cost distance and fuzzy membership analyses in ArcGIS Pro under three wave height scenarios: 5 m, 10 m, and 15 m. The results show affected areas of 1,417.37 ha, 2,525.25 ha, and 3,164.48 ha, respectively, with Galur District being the most affected. The most vulnerable land uses are dryland fields and rice fields. The findings indicate that higher wave heights correspond to larger risk areas, providing essential input for disaster mitigation and spatial planning in Kulon Progo’s coastal zone.