Identification of Flood-Prone Areas Based on Elevation and Land Cover Analysis in North Jakarta

Abstract

Flooding is a major problem in Jakarta, particularly in low-lying areas experiencing significant land cover changes. North Jakarta is the most vulnerable area due to its geographical location directly adjacent to the Java Sea and its low-lying topography. This study was conducted to identify the level of flood vulnerability in North Jakarta based on an analysis of surface elevation and land cover types. The study used a Geographic Information System (GIS) approach by combining surface elevation data (DEM) and land cover data as the main variables. Spatial analysis was conducted to classify flood vulnerability levels into three categories: low, medium, and high. The results show that areas with elevations below 5 meters above sea level have a high potential for flooding, especially in areas with dense buildings and settlements. Conversely, areas with vegetation or open land tend to have a lower level of vulnerability. This study confirms that the combination of elevation and land cover factors plays a significant role in determining flood vulnerability zones in North Jakarta. The results are expected to provide a basis for local governments in spatial planning and more effective flood mitigation efforts.