Peran kearifan lokal umaq dan simpukng dalam pengendalian deforestasi dan pelestarian ekologi

Abstract

Deforestation in Kalimantan is not only an environmental issue, but also threatens the ecosystem and social life of the Dayak people. The loss of forests has disrupted traditional economic systems, caused population migration, and weakened the traditional values of the Dayak tribe. Several local wisdom practices such as Umaq, a system of regular shifting agriculture, and Simpukng, a prohibition or ritual against forests that are considered sacred, can be traditional ways to reduce forest destruction from within the community itself.This study aims to critically analyze the role of local Dayak wisdom in maintaining forest sustainability and controlling deforestation in Kalimantan, as well as assessing its relevance in the context of modern conservation policies. This study uses a literature review method by examining literature and secondary data from the Indonesian Central Statistics Agency (BPS), the Ministry of Environment and Forestry (KLHK), and several scientific journals. This article explains how these two practices can help maintain forest sustainability and support comprehensive environmental conservation. The analysis was conducted to understand the role of local values in controlling deforestation and protecting the environment in Kalimantan. The results of the study show that local wisdom has ecological, social, and spiritual values that are very important for strengthening conservation efforts carried out by the community. For the Dayak people, the forest is not just a place, but a home, a source of livelihood, and even the identity of the Dayak tribe. Therefore, the preservation of Kalimantan's forests requires cooperation between government policy and the Dayak local knowledge of indigenous peoples.