Implikasi Penurunan Kelahiran terhadap Sumber Daya Alam Indonesia

Abstract

Abstract

This research examines the implications of declining birth rates on natural resources in Indonesia, with an emphasis on environmental geography in Kalimantan. Through the use of case study approaches and spatial analysis, it examines how demographic transition that slows population expansion can decrease stress on forest ecosystems and water resources. The Central Statistics Agency (BPS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) provide secondary data for mapping fertility and deforestation distributions. The findings show that reducing fertility from 2.4 (2010) to 2.1 (2020) may decrease deforestation by 15-20% by 2050, especially in Kalimantan. These implications support environmental sustainability, though aging population challenges persist. Recommendations include integrating demographic policies with environmental planning. 

Keywords: Fertility, declining birth rates, natural resources, deforestation, environmental geography, Kalimantan, sustainability.