Adaptation of Environmentally-Friendly Behavior Scale to Indonesian
Keywords:
environmentally-friendly behavior, pro-environmental behavior, scale adaptation, measurement
Abstract
Environmentally-friendly behavior is widely studied in Indonesia. However during the last 5 years, there has not yet been a study focusing on testing the psychometric properties of such measure. The main purpose of this study is to adapt an instrument to measure environmentally-friendly behavior and to examine the reliability and validity of the Indonesian translation of the scale. The sample composed of 196 adults with age range 18-25 years old. The original version contained 10 items. The final version of the translated scale contained five items, which showed a reliability coefficients of 0.78. The reasons for the elimination of items in the translated version are discussed. Moreover, the results of the factor analysis confirmed the fit of the model measuring a single factor, namely environmentally-friendly behavior. Ultimately, it was determined that the Indonesian version of the Environmentally-Friendly Behavior is a reliable and valid scale.
References
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Cangur, S., & Ercan, I. (2015). Comparison of Model Fit Indices Used in Structural Equation Modeling Under Multivariate Normality. Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods, 14(1), 152–167. https://doi.org/10.22237/jmasm/1430453580
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Dono, J., Webb, J., & Richardson, B. (2010). The relationship between environmental activism, pro-environmental behaviour and social identity. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 30(2), 178–186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2009.11.006
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Erikson, E. H. (1994). Identity and the life cycle (Reissued). W. W. Norton & Company. https://doi.org/LK - https://worldcat.org/title/449833860
Febriyanti, C. (2016). Pengembangan Skala Pengukuran Perilaku Pro Lingkungan: General Ecological Behavior (GEB) Scale. JP3I (Jurnal Pengukuran Psikologi Dan Pendidikan Indonesia), Vol 5, No 2 (2016): JP3I. https://journal.uinjkt.ac.id/index.php/jp3i/article/view/10791/pdf
Fenitra, R. M., Premananto, G. C., Sedera, R. M. H., Abbas, A., & Laila, N. (2022). Environmentally responsible behavior and Knowledge-Belief-Norm in the tourism context: The moderating role of types of destinations. International Journal of Geoheritage and Parks, 10(2), 273–288. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgeop.2022.05.001
Field, A. (2013). Discovering Statistics Using IBM SPSS Statistics (4th ed.). Sage Publications Ltd.
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39. https://doi.org/10.2307/3151312
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Hannanto, B. D., & Supatra, S. (2023). Fasilitas pengolahan daur ulang sampah di Tanah Merah jakarta dengan fasilitas edukasi. Jurnal Sains, Teknologi, Urban, Perancangan, Arsitektur (Stupa), 4(2), 2259–2272. https://doi.org/10.24912/stupa.v4i2.22142
Heidbreder, L. M., Bablok, I., Drews, S., & Menzel, C. (2019). Tackling the plastic problem: A review on perceptions, behaviors, and interventions. Science of The Total Environment, 668, 1077–1093. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.437
Hirianto, A., Adhihendra, R. F., & Gregory, B. (2022). Analisis Pengaruh Informasi Produk Ramah Lingkungan dan Budaya Ramah Lingkungan Terhadap Perilaku Ramah Lingkungan. Jurnal Bisnis Dan Ekonomi, 28(2), 106–117. https://doi.org/10.35315/jbe.v28i2.8339
Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1–55. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540118
Ingarianti, T. M., Suhariadi, F., & Fajrianthi, F. (2022). Adaptasi alat ukur kesuksesan karier subjektif. Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi Terapan, 10(1), 300–309. https://doi.org/10.22219/jipt.v10i1.19002
JASP Team. (2023). JASP (Version 0.17.3)[Computer software]. https://jasp-stats.org/
Kaiser, F. G. (1998). A general measure of ecological behavior. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 28(5), 395–422. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.1998.tb01712.x
Lam, L. W. (2012). Impact of competitiveness on salespeople’s commitment and performance. Journal of Business Research, 65(9), 1328–1334. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2011.10.026
Larson, L. R., Stedman, R. C., Cooper, C. B., & Decker, D. J. (2015). Understanding the multi-dimensional structure of pro-environmental behavior. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 43, 112–124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2015.06.004
Liobikienė, G., & Juknys, R. (2016). The role of values, environmental risk perception, awareness of consequences, and willingness to assume responsibility for environmentally-friendly behaviour: the Lithuanian case. Journal of Cleaner Production, 112, 3413–3422. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.10.049
Lynn, P. (2014). Distinguishing dimensions of pro-environmental behaviour.
Markle, G. L. (2013). Pro-Environmental Behavior: Does It Matter How It’s Measured? Development and Validation of the Pro-Environmental Behavior Scale (PEBS). Human Ecology, 41(6), 905–914. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10745-013-9614-8
Minelgaitė, A., & Liobikienė, G. (2021). Changes in pro-environmental behaviour and its determinants during long-term period in a transition country as Lithuania. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 23(11), 16083–16099. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-021-01329-9
Nastuti, R., & Lelfita, L. (2020). Hubungan Pengetahuan Lingkungan terhadap Perilaku Ramah Lingkungan Mahasiswa STKIP YDB. Jurnal Kepemimpinan Dan Pengurusan Sekolah, 5(2), 155–162. https://doi.org/10.34125/kp.v5i2.541
Newhouse, N. (1990). Implications of Attitude and Behavior Research for Environmental Conservation. The Journal of Environmental Education, 22(1), 26–32. https://doi.org/10.1080/00958964.1990.9943043
Prasetiyo, W. H. (2018). Fostering Environmental Virtue for Children through School Urban Farming in Bandung, Indonesia. Proceedings of the Annual Civic Education Conference (ACEC 2018). https://doi.org/10.2991/acec-18.2018.59
Rahmadani, A. S. (2019). Karakteristik Psikometri pada Standard Progressive Matrices (SPM). JPPP - Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pengukuran Psikologi, 8(2), 59–68. https://doi.org/10.21009/JPPP.082.01
Rifayanti, R., Saputri, A., Arake, A. K., & Astuti, W. (2019). Peran Role Model Dalam Membentuk Perilaku Pro-Lingkungan. Psikostudia : Jurnal Psikologi, 7(2), 12. https://doi.org/10.30872/psikostudia.v7i2.2402
Robertson, O., & Scott Evans, M. (2020). Just how reliable is your internal reliability? An overview of Cronbach’s alpha (α). PsyPag Quarterly, 1(115), 23–27. https://doi.org/10.53841/bpspag.2020.1.115.23
Rohendi, A., & Nur, C. M. (2019). PERAN PEREMPUAN DALAM KONSERVASI AIR RUMAH TANGGA. Gender Equality: International Journal of Child and Gender Studies, 4(1), 73. https://doi.org/10.22373/equality.v4i1.4482
Samuel, P. (2017). Advice on Exploratory Factor Analysis. https://www.open-access.bcu.ac.uk/id/eprint/6076
Schumacker, R. E., & Lomax, R. G. (2010). A beginner’s guide to structural equation modeling, 3rd ed. In A beginner’s guide to structural equation modeling, 3rd ed. (pp. xx, 510–xx, 510). Routledge/Taylor & Francis Group.
Sofroniou, N. (1999). The Multivariate Social Scientist : Introductory Statistics Using Generalized Linear Models. Sage.
Srinivas, V. (2019). Explaining the Increase in Young Adults Living with Parents. Journal of Economic Issues, 53(4), 1017–1028. https://doi.org/10.1080/00213624.2019.1664237
Stern, P. C. (2000). New Environmental Theories: Toward a Coherent Theory of Environmentally Significant Behavior. Journal of Social Issues, 56, 407–424. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:5018908
Stern, P. C., Dietz, T., Ruttan, V. W., Socolow, R. H., & Sweeney, L. J. (1997). Strategies for setting research priorities. In P. C. Stern (Ed.), Environmentally Significant Consumption: Research Direction (pp. 124–137). National Academy Press.
Sugiarto, A., & Gabriella, D. A. (2020). Kesadaran dan Perilaku Ramah Lingkungan Mahasiswa di Kampus. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Humaniora, 9(2), 260. https://doi.org/10.23887/jish-undiksha.v9i2.21061
Taber, K. S. (2018). The Use of Cronbach’s Alpha When Developing and Reporting Research Instruments in Science Education. Research in Science Education, 48(6), 1273–1296. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11165-016-9602-2
Tavakol, M., & Wetzel, A. (2020). Factor Analysis: a means for theory and instrument development in support of construct validity. International Journal of Medical Education, 11, 245–247. https://doi.org/10.5116/ijme.5f96.0f4a
Umami, A., Sukmana, H., Wikurendra, E. A., & Paulik, E. (2022). A review on water management issues: potential and challenges in Indonesia. Sustainable Water Resources Management, 8(3), 63. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40899-022-00648-7
Vu, L., Pulerwitz, J., Burnett-Zieman, B., Banura, C., Okal, J., & Yam, E. (2017). Inequitable Gender Norms From Early Adolescence to Young Adulthood in Uganda: Tool Validation and Differences Across Age Groups. Journal of Adolescent Health, 60(2), S15–S21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2016.09.027
Wibisono, M. D., & Sasia, M. (2020). Pengembangan skala identitas sosial: Validitas, dan analisis faktor eksploratori. Proyeksi, 15(1), 58. https://doi.org/10.30659/jp.15.1.58-67
Widyatmoko, W., Ayriza, Y., & Purwandika, R. (2019). Analisis faktor konfirmatori sebagai prosedur evaluasi konstruk skala kematangan karir. Counsellia: Jurnal Bimbingan Dan Konseling, 9(1), 27. https://doi.org/10.25273/counsellia.v9i1.3689
Ximénez, C., Maydeu-Olivares, A., Shi, D., & Revuelta, J. (2022). Assessing Cutoff Values of SEM Fit Indices: Advantages of the Unbiased SRMR Index and Its Cutoff Criterion Based on Communality. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 29(3), 368–380. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705511.2021.1992596
Zhang, S., Zhang, M., Yu, X., & Ren, H. (2016). What keeps Chinese from recycling: Accessibility of recycling facilities and the behavior. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 109, 176–186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2016.02.008
Zijlmans, E. A. O., Tijmstra, J., van der Ark, L. A., & Sijtsma, K. (2018). Item-Score Reliability in Empirical-Data Sets and Its Relationship With Other Item Indices. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 78(6), 998–1020. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013164417728358
Atkinson, T. M., Rosenfeld, B. D., Sit, L., Mendoza, T. R., Fruscione, M., Lavene, D., Shaw, M., Li, Y., Hay, J., Cleeland, C. S., Scher, H. I., Breitbart, W. S., & Basch, E. (2011). Using Confirmatory Factor Analysis to Evaluate Construct Validity of the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI). Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, 41(3), 558–565. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2010.05.008
Berenguer, J., Corraliza, J. A., & Martín, R. (2005). Rural-Urban Differences in Environmental Concern, Attitudes, and Actions. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 21(2), 128–138. https://doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759.21.2.128
Brown, T. A. (2006). Confirmatory factor analysis for applied research. In Confirmatory factor analysis for applied research. (pp. xiii, 475–xiii, 475). The Guilford Press.
Cangur, S., & Ercan, I. (2015). Comparison of Model Fit Indices Used in Structural Equation Modeling Under Multivariate Normality. Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods, 14(1), 152–167. https://doi.org/10.22237/jmasm/1430453580
Cottrell, S. P., & Graefe, A. R. (1997). Testing a Conceptual Framework of Responsible Environmental Behavior. The Journal of Environmental Education, 29(1), 17–27. https://doi.org/10.1080/00958969709599103
DeVellis, R. F. (2017). Scale development : theory and applications. In TA - TT - (Fourth edi). SAGE Los Angeles. https://doi.org/LK - https://worldcat.org/title/931226867
Dono, J., Webb, J., & Richardson, B. (2010). The relationship between environmental activism, pro-environmental behaviour and social identity. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 30(2), 178–186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2009.11.006
Efriawan, B. E., & Riyantini, R. (2019). Videovice Indonesia Seri “The Pledge” Di Youtube dan Perilaku Ramah Lingkungan. Ekespresi Dan Persepsi: Jurnal Ilmu KomunikasiJurnal Ilmu Komunikasi, 2(2), 82–92. https://doi.org/10.33822/jep.v1i02.959
Erikson, E. H. (1994). Identity and the life cycle (Reissued). W. W. Norton & Company. https://doi.org/LK - https://worldcat.org/title/449833860
Febriyanti, C. (2016). Pengembangan Skala Pengukuran Perilaku Pro Lingkungan: General Ecological Behavior (GEB) Scale. JP3I (Jurnal Pengukuran Psikologi Dan Pendidikan Indonesia), Vol 5, No 2 (2016): JP3I. https://journal.uinjkt.ac.id/index.php/jp3i/article/view/10791/pdf
Fenitra, R. M., Premananto, G. C., Sedera, R. M. H., Abbas, A., & Laila, N. (2022). Environmentally responsible behavior and Knowledge-Belief-Norm in the tourism context: The moderating role of types of destinations. International Journal of Geoheritage and Parks, 10(2), 273–288. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgeop.2022.05.001
Field, A. (2013). Discovering Statistics Using IBM SPSS Statistics (4th ed.). Sage Publications Ltd.
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39. https://doi.org/10.2307/3151312
Geiger, J. L., van der Werff, E., Berfu Ünal, A., & Steg, L. (2022). Context matters: The role of perceived ease and feasibility vis-à-vis biospheric values in recycling behaviour. Resources, Conservation & Recycling Advances, 16, 200122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rcradv.2022.200122
Hair, J. F., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2019). Multivariate Data Analysis. Cengage. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=0R9ZswEACAAJ
Hambleton, R. K., Merenda, P. F., & Spielberger, C. D. (Eds.). (2004). Adapting Educational and Psychological Tests for Cross-Cultural Assessment. Psychology Press. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781410611758
Hannanto, B. D., & Supatra, S. (2023). Fasilitas pengolahan daur ulang sampah di Tanah Merah jakarta dengan fasilitas edukasi. Jurnal Sains, Teknologi, Urban, Perancangan, Arsitektur (Stupa), 4(2), 2259–2272. https://doi.org/10.24912/stupa.v4i2.22142
Heidbreder, L. M., Bablok, I., Drews, S., & Menzel, C. (2019). Tackling the plastic problem: A review on perceptions, behaviors, and interventions. Science of The Total Environment, 668, 1077–1093. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.437
Hirianto, A., Adhihendra, R. F., & Gregory, B. (2022). Analisis Pengaruh Informasi Produk Ramah Lingkungan dan Budaya Ramah Lingkungan Terhadap Perilaku Ramah Lingkungan. Jurnal Bisnis Dan Ekonomi, 28(2), 106–117. https://doi.org/10.35315/jbe.v28i2.8339
Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1–55. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540118
Ingarianti, T. M., Suhariadi, F., & Fajrianthi, F. (2022). Adaptasi alat ukur kesuksesan karier subjektif. Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi Terapan, 10(1), 300–309. https://doi.org/10.22219/jipt.v10i1.19002
JASP Team. (2023). JASP (Version 0.17.3)[Computer software]. https://jasp-stats.org/
Kaiser, F. G. (1998). A general measure of ecological behavior. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 28(5), 395–422. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.1998.tb01712.x
Lam, L. W. (2012). Impact of competitiveness on salespeople’s commitment and performance. Journal of Business Research, 65(9), 1328–1334. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2011.10.026
Larson, L. R., Stedman, R. C., Cooper, C. B., & Decker, D. J. (2015). Understanding the multi-dimensional structure of pro-environmental behavior. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 43, 112–124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2015.06.004
Liobikienė, G., & Juknys, R. (2016). The role of values, environmental risk perception, awareness of consequences, and willingness to assume responsibility for environmentally-friendly behaviour: the Lithuanian case. Journal of Cleaner Production, 112, 3413–3422. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.10.049
Lynn, P. (2014). Distinguishing dimensions of pro-environmental behaviour.
Markle, G. L. (2013). Pro-Environmental Behavior: Does It Matter How It’s Measured? Development and Validation of the Pro-Environmental Behavior Scale (PEBS). Human Ecology, 41(6), 905–914. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10745-013-9614-8
Minelgaitė, A., & Liobikienė, G. (2021). Changes in pro-environmental behaviour and its determinants during long-term period in a transition country as Lithuania. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 23(11), 16083–16099. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-021-01329-9
Nastuti, R., & Lelfita, L. (2020). Hubungan Pengetahuan Lingkungan terhadap Perilaku Ramah Lingkungan Mahasiswa STKIP YDB. Jurnal Kepemimpinan Dan Pengurusan Sekolah, 5(2), 155–162. https://doi.org/10.34125/kp.v5i2.541
Newhouse, N. (1990). Implications of Attitude and Behavior Research for Environmental Conservation. The Journal of Environmental Education, 22(1), 26–32. https://doi.org/10.1080/00958964.1990.9943043
Prasetiyo, W. H. (2018). Fostering Environmental Virtue for Children through School Urban Farming in Bandung, Indonesia. Proceedings of the Annual Civic Education Conference (ACEC 2018). https://doi.org/10.2991/acec-18.2018.59
Rahmadani, A. S. (2019). Karakteristik Psikometri pada Standard Progressive Matrices (SPM). JPPP - Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pengukuran Psikologi, 8(2), 59–68. https://doi.org/10.21009/JPPP.082.01
Rifayanti, R., Saputri, A., Arake, A. K., & Astuti, W. (2019). Peran Role Model Dalam Membentuk Perilaku Pro-Lingkungan. Psikostudia : Jurnal Psikologi, 7(2), 12. https://doi.org/10.30872/psikostudia.v7i2.2402
Robertson, O., & Scott Evans, M. (2020). Just how reliable is your internal reliability? An overview of Cronbach’s alpha (α). PsyPag Quarterly, 1(115), 23–27. https://doi.org/10.53841/bpspag.2020.1.115.23
Rohendi, A., & Nur, C. M. (2019). PERAN PEREMPUAN DALAM KONSERVASI AIR RUMAH TANGGA. Gender Equality: International Journal of Child and Gender Studies, 4(1), 73. https://doi.org/10.22373/equality.v4i1.4482
Samuel, P. (2017). Advice on Exploratory Factor Analysis. https://www.open-access.bcu.ac.uk/id/eprint/6076
Schumacker, R. E., & Lomax, R. G. (2010). A beginner’s guide to structural equation modeling, 3rd ed. In A beginner’s guide to structural equation modeling, 3rd ed. (pp. xx, 510–xx, 510). Routledge/Taylor & Francis Group.
Sofroniou, N. (1999). The Multivariate Social Scientist : Introductory Statistics Using Generalized Linear Models. Sage.
Srinivas, V. (2019). Explaining the Increase in Young Adults Living with Parents. Journal of Economic Issues, 53(4), 1017–1028. https://doi.org/10.1080/00213624.2019.1664237
Stern, P. C. (2000). New Environmental Theories: Toward a Coherent Theory of Environmentally Significant Behavior. Journal of Social Issues, 56, 407–424. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:5018908
Stern, P. C., Dietz, T., Ruttan, V. W., Socolow, R. H., & Sweeney, L. J. (1997). Strategies for setting research priorities. In P. C. Stern (Ed.), Environmentally Significant Consumption: Research Direction (pp. 124–137). National Academy Press.
Sugiarto, A., & Gabriella, D. A. (2020). Kesadaran dan Perilaku Ramah Lingkungan Mahasiswa di Kampus. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Humaniora, 9(2), 260. https://doi.org/10.23887/jish-undiksha.v9i2.21061
Taber, K. S. (2018). The Use of Cronbach’s Alpha When Developing and Reporting Research Instruments in Science Education. Research in Science Education, 48(6), 1273–1296. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11165-016-9602-2
Tavakol, M., & Wetzel, A. (2020). Factor Analysis: a means for theory and instrument development in support of construct validity. International Journal of Medical Education, 11, 245–247. https://doi.org/10.5116/ijme.5f96.0f4a
Umami, A., Sukmana, H., Wikurendra, E. A., & Paulik, E. (2022). A review on water management issues: potential and challenges in Indonesia. Sustainable Water Resources Management, 8(3), 63. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40899-022-00648-7
Vu, L., Pulerwitz, J., Burnett-Zieman, B., Banura, C., Okal, J., & Yam, E. (2017). Inequitable Gender Norms From Early Adolescence to Young Adulthood in Uganda: Tool Validation and Differences Across Age Groups. Journal of Adolescent Health, 60(2), S15–S21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2016.09.027
Wibisono, M. D., & Sasia, M. (2020). Pengembangan skala identitas sosial: Validitas, dan analisis faktor eksploratori. Proyeksi, 15(1), 58. https://doi.org/10.30659/jp.15.1.58-67
Widyatmoko, W., Ayriza, Y., & Purwandika, R. (2019). Analisis faktor konfirmatori sebagai prosedur evaluasi konstruk skala kematangan karir. Counsellia: Jurnal Bimbingan Dan Konseling, 9(1), 27. https://doi.org/10.25273/counsellia.v9i1.3689
Ximénez, C., Maydeu-Olivares, A., Shi, D., & Revuelta, J. (2022). Assessing Cutoff Values of SEM Fit Indices: Advantages of the Unbiased SRMR Index and Its Cutoff Criterion Based on Communality. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 29(3), 368–380. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705511.2021.1992596
Zhang, S., Zhang, M., Yu, X., & Ren, H. (2016). What keeps Chinese from recycling: Accessibility of recycling facilities and the behavior. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 109, 176–186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2016.02.008
Zijlmans, E. A. O., Tijmstra, J., van der Ark, L. A., & Sijtsma, K. (2018). Item-Score Reliability in Empirical-Data Sets and Its Relationship With Other Item Indices. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 78(6), 998–1020. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013164417728358
Published
2024-04-30
Section
Articles
