DI MANA BUMI DIPIJAK DI SITU LANGIT DIJUNJUNG: URGENSI INTEGRASI BUDAYA DALAM INTERVENSI PSIKOLOGI

Novitasari Rohdearni Damanik

doi:10.21009/JPPP.131.01

Authors

Novitasari Rohdearni Damanik Prodi Psikologi, Fakultas Pendidikan Psikologi, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jakarta, 13220, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21009/JPPP.131.01

Abstract

Pada Era Society 5.0 yang dinamis dan penuh tantangan sekarang, psikologi memiliki peran krusial membantu masyarakat menavigasi kompleksitas modernitas. Dalam lanskap yang terus berubah dengan percepatan teknologi seperti kecerdasan buatan dan isu-isu sosial yang meliputi kemiskinan, kerusakan lingkungan, serta diskriminasi di tempat kerja, kehidupan manusia menjadi semakin kompleks dan menuntut solusi yang tidak hanya efektif tetapi juga responsif. Psikologi, sebagai ilmu yang mempelajari perilaku serta proses fisiologis dan mental yang mendasarinya, memiliki kapasitas untuk menerapkan pengetahuannya tentang dinamika manusia untuk mengatasi tantangan dan permasalahan yang dihadapi manusia (Weiten dkk., 2018). Dengan demikian, Psikologi tidak hanya bertujuan untuk memahami dan menganalisis interaksi manusia dengan lingkungan dan isu-isunya, tetapi juga memberikan intervensi yang tepat sebagai respons terhadap kompleksitas tersebut.

Salah satu intervensi psikologi dalam menanggapi isu-isu sosial adalah intervensi perubahan perilaku. Perubahan perilaku dapat diaplikasikan dalam berbagai konteks. Misalnya, dalam konteks lingkungan, perubahan perilaku diterapkan dengan efektif mendorong penggunaan transportasi publik (Bamberg, 2006), mendorong praktik perilaku konservasi air atau penggunaan sumber daya air secara bijak (Datta dkk., 2015; Seyranian dkk., 2016), meningkatkan kebiasaan penggunaan kertas yang hemat (Egebark & Ekstrom, 2016), serta mengurangi penggunaan plastik (Rubens dkk., 2015). Dalam domain kesehatan, perubahan perilaku terwujud misalnya dalam meningkatkan jumlah kunjungan perempuan untuk melakukan pemeriksaan dini kesehatan payudara (Cohen & Azaiza, 2010) dan mendorong individu untuk lebih mengkonsumsi makanan sehat (Montagni dkk., 2020). Pada konteks kepatuhan membayar pajak, intervensi perubahan perilaku terbukti dapat meningkatkan ketaatan membayar pajak masyarakat di Guatemala (Kettle, 2016). Dalam konteks finansial, intervensi perubahan perilaku mendorong individu menabung secara lebih teratur sebagai persiapan masa pensiun (Garcia & Vila, 2020).

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