Kajian Empirik Penggunaan Augmented reality pada Kemandirian Belajar

Authors

  • Nurzengy Ibrahim Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Rawamangun, Kec. Pulo Gadung, Kota Jakarta Timur 13220, Indonesia
  • Iqbal Pratama Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Rawamangun, Kec. Pulo Gadung, Kota Jakarta Timur 13220, Indonesia
  • Parulian Irwansyah Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Rawamangun, Kec. Pulo Gadung, Kota Jakarta Timur 13220, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21009/EIPS.009.2.04

Keywords:

Augmented reality, self directed learning, pedagogical approach

Abstract

This paper aims to empirically analyze the use of augmented reality in student learning independence. Developments in educational technology have opened up opportunities for more interactive and student-centered learning, one of which is through the use of augmented reality. Learning independence is an important prerequisite for students in facing the demands of globalization, as it involves the ability to plan, monitor, and evaluate the learning process independently. Augmented reality offers an immersive and interactive learning experience that can encourage student self-regulation. This study is a literature review that examines empirical evidence related to the implementation of augmented reality in learning and its implications for independent learning. Augmented reality has the potential to facilitate independent learning if it is designed with a clear pedagogical approach. The findings of this empirical review indicate that the use of augmented reality in learning provides more interactive, contextual, and meaningful learning experiences for students. Augmented reality not only functions as an engaging visual medium but also encourages exploration, decision-making, and active involvement in the learning process. As a result, students using augmented reality tend to demonstrate higher levels of motivation, learning initiative, and the ability to manage learning tasks independently compared to conventional learning approaches.

References

Ali, N. A., Sadiq, M. H., Albabawat, A. A., & Salah, R. M. (2022). Methods and applications of augmented reality in education: A review. In Proceedings of the 2022 International Conference on Computer Science and Software Engineering (CSASE) (pp. 175–181). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/CSASE51777.2022.9759807

Aljafari, R. (2021). Self-directed learning strategies in adult educational contexts. In Research anthology on adult education and the development of lifelong learners (pp. 611–621). IGI Global.

Aljafari, R. (2021). Self-directed learning strategies in adult educational contexts: Helping students to perceive themselves as having the skills for successful learning. In I. R. Management Association (Ed.), Research anthology on adult education and the development of lifelong learners (pp. 611–621). IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-8598-6.ch030

Bukhteeva, E. E., et al. (2022). Educational characteristics of learner autonomy. Journal of Higher Education Theory and Practice, 22(11), 40–44. https://doi.org/10.33423/jhetp.v22i11.5410

Canfield, C., et al. (2011). Self-directed learning contention: Student and faculty views. In ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition Proceedings.

Chang, S.-C., & Dao, N. D. (2026). An intelligent recommender system based on K-nearest neighbors to foster self-regulated learning and reduce cognitive load in online higher education. Computers & Education, 240, 105470. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2025.105470

Sharma, D., Sharma, J., & Mehta, N. (2025). Empowering education through augmented reality and gamification: Fostering social change in the learning experience. AIP Conference Proceedings, 3253(1). https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0248679

Khabib, S., et al. (2025). The character education revolution: The impact of multiple intelligence-based reading learning on student development. Educational Process: International Journal. https://doi.org/10.22521/edupij.2025.15.186

Khodabandeh, F. (2025). Enhancing vocabulary learning and retention in EFL students: A comparative study of ARLOOPA augmented reality app in flipped online and flipped face-to-face classes. Educational Technology Research and Development, 64(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-025-10489-8

Kononov, M., Kononova, N., Andrusenko, Y., Bagautdinova, A., & Mutsurova, Z. (2025). Augmented and virtual reality in education. In Proceedings (pp. 304–312). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-78776-8_30

Liu, P., Yang, Z., Huang, J., & Wang, T.-K. (2024). The effect of augmented reality applied to learning process with different learning styles in structural engineering education. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management. https://doi.org/10.1108/ECAM-06-2023-0596

Ma, X., & Zhang, Y. (2019). Designing conversational agents for improved human–computer interaction. In Proceedings of the 2019 ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. Association for Computing Machinery. https://doi.org/10.1145/3348400.334840

Marshall, S. (2023). Augmented reality’s application in education and training. In Proceedings (pp. 335–353). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67822-7_13

Mohammadhossein, N., Richter, A., & Lukosch, S. (2024). Augmented reality in learning settings: A systematic analysis of its benefits and avenues for future studies. Communications of the Association for Information Systems, 54, 29–49. https://doi.org/10.17705/1CAIS.05402

Morris, T. H. (2019). Self-directed learning: A fundamental competence in a rapidly changing world. International Review of Education, 65(4), 633–653.

Mubarokah, A., et al. (2023). Strengthening disciplinary character education in elementary students through the implementation of reward and punishment. Ensiklopedia: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Inovasi Pembelajaran Saburai, 3(1), 27–35. https://doi.org/10.24967/esp.v3i01.2039

Nugraheni, N., Sukestiyarno, Y. L., Wardono, & Masrukan. (2022). Students’ learning independence profiles in solving HOTS questions related to numeracy. Journal of Higher Education Theory and Practice, 22(15), 20–29. https://doi.org/10.33423/jhetp.v22i15.5557

Obadire, O. T. (2022). Learner discipline in the post-corporal punishment era: What an experience! South African Journal of Education, 41(2). https://doi.org/10.15700/saje.v41n2a1862

Pemberton, R., & Cooker, L. (2012). Self-directed learning: Concepts, practice, and a novel research methodology. In S. Mercer, S. Ryan, & M. Williams (Eds.), Psychology for language learning: Insights from research, theory and practice (pp. 203–219). Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137032829_14

Yap, S. C., Rahmat, R. W., & Ali, S. K. (2025). Influence of different forms of multimedia on motivation and topic perception in augmented reality learning experiences. Multimedia Tools and Applications. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-025-20649-w

Rodriguez, L. A., & Welsh, R. O. (2022). The dimensions of school discipline: Toward a comprehensive framework for measuring discipline patterns and outcomes in schools. AERA Open, 8(1), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1177/23328584221083669

Rohendi, D., Ramadhan, M. O., Abdul Rahim, S. S., & Zulnaidi, H. (2025). Enhancing students’ interactivity and responses in learning geometry by using augmented reality. EURASIA Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 21(1), em2559. https://doi.org/10.29333/ejmste/15796

Santi, G. M. (2021). Augmented Reality in Industry 4.0 and Future Innovation Programs. Technologies, 9(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/technologies9020033

Sipayung, T. N., Imelda, Siswono, T. Y. E., & Masriyah. (2022). An analysis of students’ learning independence in mathematics based on Google Classroom. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2157(1), 012037. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2157/1/012037

Siska, J., et al. (2022). Self-regulation and discipline development to improve students’ independence in English course. JPPI (Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Indonesia), 8(2), 329–336. https://doi.org/10.29210/020221640

Suryana, D., et al. (2020). The autonomy of learning in elementary school. International Journal of Scientific and Technology Research.

Suherman, Harsono, & Widiyasari, C. (2025). The role of learning independence in improving understanding of geometry materials in elementary school students Papua. AIP Conference Proceedings. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0291325

Uus, Õ., Seitlinger, P. C., & Ley, T. T. (2020). Cognitive capacity in self-directed learning: Evidence of middle school students’ executive attention to resist distraction. Acta Psychologica, 209, 103089. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2020.103089

Van Lankveld, W., Maas, M., Van Wijchen, J., Visser, V., & Staal, J. B. (2019). Self-regulated learning in physical therapy education: A non-randomized experimental study comparing self-directed and instruction-based learning. BMC Medical Education, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-019-1484-3

Wang, S., Pan, Z., & Wang, Y. (2024). A mixed-methods investigation into complex components of multilingual international students’ self-regulated learning in English as a foreign language context: A social cognitive perspective. Learning and Motivation, 88, 102055.

Yadav, A., & Gupta, K. P. (2023). Scope of the augmented reality applications in education sector: Bibliographic review. International Journal of Learning and Change, 15(4), 345–364. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJLC.2023.132156

Yildirim, Y., Camci, F., & Aygar, E. (2023). Advancing self-directed learning through artificial intelligence. In Proceedings (pp. 146–157).

Wase, A. M., Tiwari, S. K., Wankhede, C. S., Malode, A. A., Kothari, M. L., & Kalbande, K. (2023). An IoT-enabled smart gardening system as a novel approach to environmental education. In Proceedings of the 2023 IEEE Renewable Energy and Sustainable E-Mobility Conference (RESEM). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/RESEM57584.2023.10236244

Zielke, M. A., Zakhidov, D., Lo, T., Craig, S. D., Rege, R., Pyle, H., & Kuo, N. (2024). Exploring social learning in collaborative augmented reality with pedagogical agents as learning companions. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, 41(4), 2424–2449. https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2024.2323280

Zuković, S., & Stojadinović, D. (2021). Applying positive discipline in school and adolescents’ self-esteem. International Journal of Cognitive Research in Science, Engineering, and Education, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.23947/2334-8496-2021-9-1-1-11

Downloads

Published

2025-12-30

How to Cite

Ibrahim, N., Pratama, I., & Irwansyah, P. (2025). Kajian Empirik Penggunaan Augmented reality pada Kemandirian Belajar. Edukasi IPS, 9(2), 84–91. https://doi.org/10.21009/EIPS.009.2.04

Issue

Section

Articles