Learning Management System–Supported Project-Based Learning and Its Effect on Students' Critical Thinking Disposition

Authors

  • Wisnu Djatmiko Program Studi Pendidikan Teknik Elektronika, Fakultas Teknik, Jakarta, Indonesia
  • Arum Setyowati Program Studi Pendidikan Teknik Elektronika, Fakultas Teknik, Jakarta, Indonesia
  • Sri Wahyuni Program Studi Pendidikan Teknik Elektronika, Fakultas Teknik, Jakarta, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21009/jtp.v28i2.66267

Keywords:

Project-Based Learning, Learning-Management System, Distance Learning, Critical-Thinking Disposition

Abstract

technology-mediated instructional design in higher education, enabling flexible learning environments that integrate student-centered pedagogical approaches. Project-Based Learning (PjBL), when supported by LMS platforms, has the potential to enhance higher-order thinking; however, empirical evidence regarding its effectiveness in developing students’ critical thinking disposition remains limited. This study aims to examine the effect of LMS-supported Project-Based Learning on students’ critical thinking disposition within a flexible learning environment. A quasi-experimental method with a one-group pretest–posttest design was employed involving 93 undergraduate students enrolled in three core courses in the Electronic Engineering Education Study Program at Universitas Negeri Jakarta during the 2024/2025 academic year. Critical thinking disposition was measured using a validated instrument covering seven dispositional dimensions. Data were analyzed using paired sample t-test and N-Gain index. The results indicate a statistically significant improvement in overall critical thinking disposition scores (t = 4.57; p < 0.05); however, the N-Gain value (0.09) suggests low practical effectiveness. Improvements were more prominent in procedural dimensions such as analyticity and systematicity, while epistemic dimensions showed limited development. These findings highlight that LMS-supported Project-Based Learning contributes to procedural aspects of critical thinking disposition but requires complementary instructional design strategies emphasizing reflective dialogue, argumentation, and epistemic engagement to achieve deeper dispositional development. This study contributes to educational technology research by demonstrating the importance of aligning technological tools with pedagogical design to maximize the effectiveness of LMS-supported learning environments.

References

Anhusadar, L. O. (2020). Persepsi Mahasiswa PIAUD terhadap Kuliah Online di Masa Pandemi Covid 19. KINDERGARTEN: Journal of Islamic Early Childhood Education, 3(1), 44–58.

Apriyanti, L., Abdurrahman, & Viyanti. (2014). Pengaruh Disposisi Berpikir Kritis Terhadap Hasil Belajar Melalui Arias Terpadu Peta Konsep. Jurnal Pembelajaran Fisika, 2(4), 39–51.

Ardhyantama, V., Apriyanti, C., & Erviana, L. (2020). Project-Based Learning as the Alternative for Distance Learning in Pandemic COVID-19. Indonesian Journal of Primary Education, 4(2), 141–151.

Baysura, O. D. (2016). Perceptions of Teacher Candidates regarding Project-Based Learning. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research, 62, 15–36.

Cash, P., & Stanković, T. (2016). Experimental Design. Springer International Publishing.

Churiyah, M., Sholikhan, Filianti, & Sakdiyyah, D. A. (2020). Indonesia Education Readiness Conducting Distance Learning in Covid-19 Pandemic Situation. International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding, 7(6), 491–507.

Connie, S. L. (2006). Approaches to evaluate critical thinking dispositions. November, 1–8.

Diarini, I. G. A. A. S., Ginting, M. F. B., & Suryanto, I. W. (2020). Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Project Based Learning Berbasis Lesson Study Melalui Pembelajaran Daring Untuk Mengetahui Kemampuan Berfikir Kritis Dan Hasil Belajar. Ganaya: Jurnal Ilmu Sosian Dan Humaniora, 3(2), 253–265.

Djatmiko, W., Muslim, S., & Suyono. (2020). The Effect of Inquiry-based Learning (IBL) and Project-based (PjBL) on the Development of the Critical Thinking Disposition (CTD) of Prospective Teachers of Electronic Engineering Education at Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Indonesia. Journal TEST Engineering & Management, 83(May-June), 1508–1515.

Dubey, P., & Pandey, D. (2020). Distance learning in higher education during pandemic : challenges and opportunities. The International Journal of Indian Psychology, 8(2), 25–28. https://doi.org/10.25215/0802.204

Ennis, R. H. (1996). Critical Thinking Dispositions : Their Nature and Assessability. Informal Logic, 18(2&3), 165–182.

Ennis, R. H. (2011). The Nature of Critical Thinking: An Outline of Critical Thinking Dispositions. 1–8.

Facione, P. A. (2000a). The Disposition Toward Critical Thinking : Its Character, Measurement, and Relationship to Critical Thinking Skill. Informal Logic, 20(1), 61–84.

Facione, P. A. (2000b). The Disposition Toward Critical Thinking : Its Character , Measurement , and Relationship to Critical Thinking Skill. Informal Logic, 20(1), 61–84.

Facione, P. A., Facione, N. C., & Giancarlo, C. A. F. (1997). Professional Judgment and the Disposition Toward Critical Thinking. California Academic Press, 1–15.

Fitria, D., Susanti, M., & Ilhami, M. D. (2019). Project Based Learning Model in Improving The Ability and Trust. International Journal Of Science, Technology & Management, 237–243.

Fitria, T. N. (2020). Teaching English through Online Learning System during Covid-19 Pandemic. Pedagogy: Journal of English Language Teaching, 8(2), 138–148. https://doi.org/10.32332/pedagogy.v8i2.

Grant, M. M. (2002). Getting a grip on project-based learning: Theory, cases and recommendations. Meridian, 5(1).

Hake, R. R. (1999). Analyzing Change/Gain Scores (Issue Division D). American Educational Research Association’s Division D.

Handayani, L. (2020). Peningkatan Motivasi Belajar IPA Melalui Model Pembelajaran Project Based Learning pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 bagi Siswa SMP Negeri 4 Gunungsari. Jurnal Paedagogy: Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pengembangan Pendidikan, 7(3), 168–174.

Herliandry, L. D., & Suban, M. E. (2020). Pembelajaran Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19. Jurnal Teknologi Pendidikan, 22(1), 65–70.

Purbawati, C., Rahmawati, L. E., Hidayah, L. N., & Sari, L. (2020). Tingkat Partisipasi Siswa Sekolah Menengah Pertama Dalam Pembelajaran Daring Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19. Refleksi Edukatika: Jurnal Ilmiah Kependidikan, 11(1), 101–108.

Ramadhani, F. (2020). Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Project Based Learning Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar IPA Dalam Pembelajaran Daring Di Kelas IX SMP. Jurnal Pelita Pendidikan, 8(4), 237–243.

Sulistyorini, D. E. W. (2020). Optimalisasi Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Di Tengah Pandemi Covid-19 Pada Pembelajaran Tata Rias Optimizing Students ’ Critical Thinking In Makeup Learning During The Covid-19 Pandemic. Ideguru: Jurnal Karya Ilmiah Guru, 5(1), 27–33.

Susanto, S., & Azizah, H. M. (2025). Pembelajaran untuk Meningkatkan Kompetensi 4C ( Communication , Collaboration , Critical Thinking dan Creative Thinking ) untuk Menyongsong Era Abad 21 ( Learning to Improve 4C Competencies ( Communication , Collaboration , Critical Thinking and Creative. Sejahtera: Jurnal Inspirasi Mengabdi Untuk Negeri, 4(2), 231–242.

Thomas, J. W., & Ph, D. (2000). A Review Of Research On Project-Based Learning. The Autodesk Foundation 111 McInnis Parkway San Rafael.

Vollrath, D. L. (2016). Developing Costa and Kallick ’ s Habits of Mind Thinking for Students with a Learning Disability and Special Education Teachers within a Resource Room Setting.

Widarto, W., Sutopo, S., Nurtanto, M., Cahyani, P. A., & Honggonegoro, T. (2020). Explanatory of learning models and vocational teacher perceptions of mechanical engineering during the Covid-19 pandemic. Journal of Physics: Conferences Series, 1700(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1700/1/012006

Zulmaulida, R., & Dahlan, J. A. (2018). Watson- Glaser ’ s Critical Thinking Skills. Journal of Physics: Conferences Series, 1028(1), 1–6.

Downloads

Published

2026-08-01

How to Cite

Djatmiko, W., Setyowati, A., & Wahyuni, S. (2026). Learning Management System–Supported Project-Based Learning and Its Effect on Students’ Critical Thinking Disposition. JTP - Jurnal Teknologi Pendidikan, 28(2), 485–491. https://doi.org/10.21009/jtp.v28i2.66267

Issue

Vol. 28 No. 2 (2026): Jurnal Teknologi Pendidikan

Section

Full Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2026 Wisnu Djatmiko, Arum Setyowati, Sri Wahyuni

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Jurnal Teknologi Pendidikan is an Open Access Journal. The authors who publish the manuscript in Jurnal Teknologi Pendidikan agree to the following terms.

Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0)

  • Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.

  • ShareAlike — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.

  • No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.

Notices:

 

  • You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation.
  • No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.