PENGARUH VARIASI SUHU AKTIVASI FISIKA TERHADAP SIFAT FISIS DAN ELEKTROKIMIA ELEKTRODA KARBON SUPERKAPASITOR DARI LIMBAH KULIT PISANG
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21009/SPEKTRA.012.11Abstract
Abstrak
Pengaruh variasi suhu aktivasi fisika terhadap sifat fisis dan elektrokimia Elektroda Karbon Superkapasitor (EKS) dari limbah kulit pisang telah dianalisa. Sifat fisis yang dianalisa meliputi, panjang, lebar, tebal dan densitas, sedangkan sifat elektrokimia dilakukan pada nilai kapasitansi spesifik. Pembuatan EKS ini diawali dengan proses penggilingan, pencetakan yang berukuran 12 cm x 10 cm, pengeringan pada suhu 1500C dan kemudian dipotong menjadi ukuran yang lebih kecil dengan dimensi 3 cm x 3 cm. Potongan yang lebih kecil ini dikarbonisasi pada suhu 6000C dalam lingkungan gas N2 diikuti dengan aktivasi fisika menggunakan gas CO2 untuk mendapatkan EKS. Pengukuran sifat fisis EKS seperti massa, panjang, lebar, dan ketebalan dilakukan untuk mendapatkan besaran densitas. Hasil pengukuran densitas EKS didapati menurun secara linear dengan kenaikan suhu aktivasi, nilai masing-masing sebesar 0,846 g/cm3, 0,766 g/cm3, dan 0,740 g/cm3 untuk suhu aktivasi 8000C, 8500C dan 9000C. Pengukuran sel superkapasitor dilakukan dengan metode Cyclic Voltametry (CV) pada potensial kerja 0 - 500 mV/s dengan laju scan 1 mV/s menggunakan elektrolit H2SO4 1 M. Nilai kapasitansi spesifik didapati berkurang dengan peningkatan suhu aktivasi. Kapasitansi spesifik masing-masing sampel EKS adalah sebesar 55,2 F/g, 35,9 F/g, 10,8 F/g untuk masing-masing suhu aktivasi 8000C, 8500C dan 9000C.
Kata kunci: Kulit pisang, elektroda karbon superkapasitor, densitas, kapasitansi spesifik
Abstract
The effects of temperature variation on the physical activation to the physical and electrochemical properties of Carbon Electrodes Supercapacitor (CES) from banana peels waste has been analyzed. The physical characteristic such as length, width, thickness and density has been analyzed, while the electrochemical properties was subjected on specific capacitance values. The production of CES was begun by the milling, the printing with a size of 12 cm x 10 cm, drying at a temperature of 1500C and then cutting into smaller sizes with a dimensions of 3 cm x 3 cm.These smaller pieces were carbonized at a temperature of 6000C in N2 gas atmosphere and followed by a physical activation using CO2 gas to get CES. The physical properties of CES such as mass, length, width, and thickness were made to get the amount of density. The density of the CES were found decreases in linearly with the increasing of the activation temperature, the density value was 0.846 g / cm3, 0.766 g / cm3 and 0.740 g / cm3 for the activation temperature of 8000C, 8500C and 9000C, respectively.Supercapacitor cells were measured by Cyclic Voltametry (CV) method in the work potential of 0-500 mV / s with a scan rate of 1 mV / s using a 1 M H2SO4 electrolyte. The Specific capacitance value found decreased with an increasing the activation temperature.Specific capacitance of each sample CES were 55.2 F / g, 35.9 F / g, 10.8 F / g for each activation temperature of 8000C, 8500C and 9000C.
Keywords: Banana peels, carbon electrodes supercapacitor, density, specific capacitance
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