HIGH STRENGTH MANGO LEAF WASTE/POLYURETHANE COMPOSITE REINFORCEMENT USING QUARTZ MATERIAL

Authors

  • Masturi Masturi Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Semarang State University, Indonesia
  • Dante Alighiri Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Semarang State University ̧ Indonesia
  • Fadhillah Choirunnisa Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Semarang State University, Indonesia
  • Kurnia Galuh Candra Kirana Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Semarang State University, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21009/SPEKTRA.081.05

Keywords:

composite, mango leaf waste, quartz, mechanical strength

Abstract

Quartz stone contains silica components (SiO2) which have the ability as a reinforcement material for composite materials. Quartz SEM-EDX testing shows that the quartz silica comonent is 69%. Other components contained in quartz are 34% MgO and 2% CaO. Therefore, quartz stone is used as a reinforcing material in mango leaf waste composite materials. Meanwhile, compressive strength testing of composite materials was carried out with variations of Polyurethane (PU) polymers, namely 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 grams, obtaining the highest maximum pressure at 6 grams polymer mass, which is 38.91 grams. Testing of composite materials that have been given a mixture of quartz stone with a mass of Polyurethane (PU) 6 grams and a quartz stone variation of 0.03; 0,06; 0,09; 0,12; 0,15; and 0.18 grams obtained the maximum power most optimally there is a quartz mass of 0.06 grams of 40.47 grams. The strength of mango leaf composite meets the strength standard for building materials, namely concrete with a value of 20-150 MPa. This shows that quartz stone can be a composite reinforcement comprehenent for mango leaf waste.

References

[1] K. Rambabu et al., “Mango leaf extract incorporated chitosan antioxidant film for active food packaging,” International journal of biological macromolecules, vol. 126, pp. 1234-1243, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.196.
[2] J. Pan et al., “Bioactive phenolics from mango leaves (Mangifera indica L.),” Industrial Crops and Products, vol. 111, pp. 400-406, 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2017.10.057.
[3] Megawati, G. Muhammad Hatta and Y. F. Arifin, “Optimasi Pengomposan Sampah Organik Di Lingkungan Kampus Menggunakan Kombinasi Aktivator Em4 Dan Kotoran Ternak,” Jurnal Hutan Tropis, vol. 9, no. 1, p. 233, 2021, doi: 10.20527/jht.v9i1.10500.
[4] M. Yuniwati, I. Frendy and A. Padulemba, “Optimasi Kondisi Proses Pembuatan Kompos dari Sampah Organik dengan Cara Fermentasi Menggunakan EM4,” Jurnal Teknologi, vol. 5, no. 2. pp. 172-181, 2012.
[5] N. P. Aryani et al., “Characterization of mahogany leaf litter (Swietenia macrophylla King) as a raw material of decay resistance biocomposite,” Journal of Physics: Conference Series, vol. 1321, no. 2, 2019, doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/1321/2/022022.
[6] Masturi et al., “Mechanical strength of quartz reinforced polyvinyl acetate/leaves-waste composite,” Journal of Physics: Conference Series, vol. 1567, no. 3, p. 032065, 2020, doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/1567/3/032065.
[7] Masturi et al., “Effect of quartz sand on compressive strength of the solid waste composite,” AIP Conference Proceedings, vol. 1712, no. 1, p. 050006, 2016, doi: 10.1063/1.4941889.
[8] K. Wang et al., “Synthesis of silica-composited biochars from alkali-fused fly ash and agricultural wastes for enhanced adsorption of methylene blue,” Science of The Total Environment, vol. 729, p. 139055, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139055.
[9] N. Abbas et al., “Silica aerogel derived from rice husk: an aggregate replacer for lightweight and thermally insulating cement-based composites,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 195, pp. 312-322, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.10.227.
[10] M. Ahmad et al., “Date palm waste-derived biochar composites with silica and zeolite: synthesis, characterization and implication for carbon stability and recalcitrant potential,” Environmental geochemistry and health, vol. 41, pp. 1687-1704, 2019, doi: 10.1007/s10653-017-9947-0.
[11] E. Mora et al., “Control of water absorption in concrete materials by modification with hybrid hydrophobic silica particles,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 221, pp. 210-218, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.06.086.
[12] M. Khan et al., “Effect of silica-fume content on performance of CaCO3 whisker and basalt fiber at matrix interface in cement-based composites,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 300, p. 124046, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.124046.
[13] P. Zhang and Q. F. Li, “Effect of polypropylene fiber on durability of concrete composite containing fly ash and silica fume,” Composites Part B: Engineering, vol. 45, no. 1, pp. 1587-1594, 2013, doi: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2012.10.006.
[14] H. Tang, M. Sun and C. Wang, “2D Silicate Materials for Composite Polymer Electrolytes,” Chemistry–An Asian Journal, vol. 16, no. 19, pp. 2842-2851, 2021, doi: 10.1002/asia.202100838.
[15] M. Hwang et al., “Composite solid polymer electrolyte with silica filler for structural supercapacitor applications,” Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, vol. 38, no. 2, pp. 454-460, 2021, doi: 10.1007/s11814-020-0695-y.
[16] S. Kumar, R. C. Gupta and S. Shrivastava, “Long term studies on the utilisation of quartz sandstone wastes in cement concrete,” Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 143, pp. 634-642, 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.12.062.
[17] J. Gunawan et al., “Perbandingan porselen kedokteran gigi swa-sintesis berbahan baku pasir felspar Pangaribuan dan Sukabumi,” Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia, vol. 3, no. 3, p. 49, 2017, doi: 10.22146/majkedgiind.22936.
[18] S. S. Raj et al., “Philosophy of selecting ASTM standards for mechanical characterization of polymers and polymer composites,” Materiale Plastice, vol. 58, no. 3, pp. 247-256, 2021, doi: 10.37358/MP.21.3.5523.
[19] Y. Guo et al., “Molecular dynamics study on the effect of long-chain surfactant adsorption on interfacial heat transfer between a polymer liquid and silica surface,” The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, vol. 124, no. 50, pp. 27558-27570, 2020, doi: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.0c08940.
[20] J. Kim et al., “Impact of size control of graphene oxide nanosheets for enhancing electrical and mechanical properties of carbon nanotube-polymer composites,” RSC advances, vol. 7, no. 48, pp. 30221-30228, 2017, doi: 10.1039/c7ra04015f.
[21] Masturi et al., “Solid Waste-Silica Composite for High Strenght and Lightweight Material Application (Komposit Smpah-Silika untuk Aplikasi Material Kuat dan Ringan),” Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika Indonesia, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 83-89, 2016, doi: 10.15294/jpfi.
[22] P. Si and B. Zhao, “Water-based polyurethanes for sustainable advanced manufacture,” The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering, vol. 99, no. 9, pp. 1851-1869, 2021, doi: 10.1002/cjce.24049.
[23] Y. Yuan et al., “Synthesis of a coupling agent containing polyurethane chain and its influence on improving the dispersion of SiO2 nanoparticles in epoxy/amine thermoset,” Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, vol. 149, p. 106573, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2021.106573.
[24] W. Fan, J. Wang and Z. Li, “Antiglare waterborne polyurethane/modified silica nanocomposite with balanced comprehensive properties,” Polymer Testing, vol. 99, p. 107072, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.polymertesting.2021.107072.
[25] M. A. M. Al-Bared et al., “Application of hybrid intelligent systems in predicting the unconfined compressive strength of clay material mixed with recycled additive,” Transportation Geotechnics, vol. 30, p. 100627, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.trgeo.2021.100627.
[26] L. R. Alejano et al., “Anisotropic deformability and strength of slate from NW-Spain,” International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, vol. 148, p. 104923, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.ijrmms.2021.104923.
[27] F. Yang et al., “Mechanical Performance and Durability Evaluation of Sandstone Concrete,” Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, pp. 1-10, 2020, doi: 10.1155/2020/2417496.
[28] A. A. Adewumi et al., “Empirical modelling of the compressive strength of an alkaline activated natural pozzolan and limestone powder mortar,” Ceramics-Silikaty, vol. 64, no. 4, pp. 407-417, 2020, doi: 10.13168/cs.2020.0028.

Downloads

Published

2023-04-30

How to Cite

Masturi, M., Alighiri, D., Choirunnisa, F., & Kirana, K. G. C. (2023). HIGH STRENGTH MANGO LEAF WASTE/POLYURETHANE COMPOSITE REINFORCEMENT USING QUARTZ MATERIAL. Spektra: Jurnal Fisika Dan Aplikasinya, 8(1), 55–64. https://doi.org/10.21009/SPEKTRA.081.05

Issue

Vol. 8 No. 1 (2023): SPEKTRA: Jurnal Fisika dan Aplikasinya, Volume 8 Issue 1, April 2023

Section

Articles

License

SPEKTRA: Jurnal Fisika dan Aplikasinya allow the author(s) to hold the copyright without restrictions and  allow the author(s) to retain publishing rights without restrictions. SPEKTRA: Jurnal Fisika dan Aplikasinya CC-BY or an equivalent license as the optimal license for the publication, distribution, use, and reuse of scholarly work. In developing strategy and setting priorities, SPEKTRA: Jurnal Fisika dan Aplikasinya recognize that free access is better than priced access, libre access is better than free access, and libre under CC-BY or the equivalent is better than libre under more restrictive open licenses. We should achieve what we can when we can. We should not delay achieving free in order to achieve libre, and we should not stop with free when we can achieve libre.

SPEKTRA: Jurnal Fisika dan Aplikasinya is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
Share - copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format
Adapt - remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.