Strategi Humas Pemerintah Dalam Pengelolalan Managemen Isu Di Era Post Truth

  • Farikha Rachmawati UPN "Veteran" Jatim
Keywords: manajemen isu, humas pemerintah, kantor staf presiden, forum merdeka barat 9

Abstract

Humas pemerintah melakukan manajemen isu sebagai strategi responsif untuk mengelola isu-isu pemerintah sebagai perencanaan krisis untuk menghindari rencana kontijensi di era post truth. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui strategi pengelolaan isu yang responsif yang dilakukan oleh humas pemerintah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Dirjen IKP Kementerian Komunikasi dan Informatika selaku humas pemerintah dan Deputi IV Kantor Staf Presiden menerapkan strategi agenda building dalam produksi narasi pemerintahan. Sesuai dengan teori Agenda Building & Information Subsidies, humas pemerintah menggunakan strategi khusus untuk mempengaruhi persepsi positif masyarakat terhadap pemerintah. Mulai dari proses perencanaan yang dilakukan tim krisis, koordinasi isu penajaman isu, pembuatan strategi komunikasi, media monitoring, media relation, analisis tone berita, produksi naratif, evaluasi, dan subsidi informasi. Selain itu, GPR menjalankan contingency plan. Penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dilakukan dengan teknik pengambilan melalui wawancara mendalam, dokumentasi, dan observasi. Setelah mewawancarai 21 narasumber, temuan penelitian menghasilkan proposisi, pedoman teknis pengelolaan isu, dan model komunikasi pengelolaan isu, serta mendeskripsikan karakteristik pengelolaan era Jokowi-JK. Strategi utama yang digunakan humas pemerintah dalam isu manajemen adalah menjalin hubungan baik dengan media melalui Forum Merdeka Barat 9. Humas pemerintah memanfaatkan berbagai media untuk memaksimalkan agenda pembangunan, seperti: big data, press conference, website, release , twitter, Instagram, Facebook, YouTube Live Streaming, dan sebagainya. Penggunaan media yang beragam dan kecerdasan buatan merupakan salah satu ciri khas humas pemerintah di era sebelumnya.

References

De Bussy, N.,M., & Kelly, L. (2010). Stakeholders, politics and power. Journal of Communication Management, 14 (4), 289-305. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13632541011090419
Denham, B. E. (2004). Sports Illustrated, the mainstream press and the enactment of drug policy in Major League Baseball: A study in agenda-building theory. Journalism, 5(1), 51-68.
Denham, B. E. (2010). Toward conceptual consistency in studies of agenda-building processes: A scholarly review. The Review of Communication, 10(4), 306-323.
Dewi, M. A. (2014). Media massa dan penyebaran isu perempuan. Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi (JIK), 7(3). Diakses pada 8 September 2018, dari jurnal.upnyk.ac.id
Effendy, O., U. (2002). Hubungan masyarakat suatu studi komunikologis. Bandung: Remaja Rosdakarya.
Febriani, N. K. N., Cahyani, D. Y., & Gelgel, N. M. R. A. (2016). Pembingkaian berita seratus hari kerja Jokowi-JK (Analisis framing program berita di metro hari ini). E-Jurnal Medium. Unud. ac. id, 25.
Firmantoro, V., Sujoko, A., & Antoni, A. (2018). Komunikasi diponegoro dan post-truth era propaganda klasik jawa. Jurnal Nomosleca, 4(1), 692-702
Guth, D.W. (1995). Organizational crisis experience and public relations roles. Public relations Review, 21(2)
Hajad, V. (2018). Media dan politik. (Mencari independensi media dalam pemberitaan politik). Jurnal Source, 2(2).
Hardjana, A. (2008). Komunikasi dalam manajemen reputasi korporasi. Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi UAJY, 5(1).
Hayes, R.A., & Smudde, P.M. (2015). The incident: Not just another organizational disruption. Journal of Public relations Research, 27(5), 416-430
Herdiansyah, H. (2013). Wawancara, observasi, dan focus groups: sebagai Instrumen penggalian data kualitatif. Jakarta: PT. Raja Grafindo Persada
Hidayat, D., N. (2002). Metodelogi penelitian dalam sebuah “multi paradigm-science”. Jurnal Komunikasi Mediator, 3 (2), 197-220
Hidayat, M. (2017). Model komunikasi kyai dengan santri di pesantren. Jurnal ASPIKOM-Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi, 2(6), 385-395.
Horton, R. (2017). Offline: Difficult truths about a post-truth world. The Lancet, 389(10076), 1282. doi:http://e-resources.perpusnas.go.id:2130/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)30878-4
Imawati, A.V., Solihah, A.W., Shihab, M. (2016). Analisis personal branding fashion blogger diana rikasari. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik, 5 (3)
Journell, W., & Buchanan, L. B. (2013). Fostering political understanding using The West Wing: Analyzing the pedagogical benefits of film in high school civics classrooms. The Journal of Social Studies Research, 37(2), 67–83. doi:10.1016/j.jssr.2013.03.001
Kent, M.L. & Taylor, M. (2007). Beyond excellence: extending the generic approach to international public relations the case of Bosnia. Public relations Review. 33, 10-20
Kim, J. Y., & Kiousis, S. (2012). The role of affect in agenda building for public relations: Implications for public relations outcomes. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 89(4), 657-676.
Kim, J., & Jin, Y. (2016). Understanding emotionally involved publics. Corporate Communications, 21(4), 465-482. Retrieved from https://search.proquest.com/docview/1827604632?accountid=25704
Kiousis, S., Kim, J. Y., Kochhar, S. K., Lim, H. J., Park, J. M., & Im, J. S. (2016). Agenda-building linkages between public relations and state news media during the 2010 Florida Senate Election. Public relations Review, 42(1), 240-242.
Kiousis, S., Mitrook, M., Wu, X., & Seltzer, T. (2006). First-and second-level agenda-building and agenda-setting effects: Exploring the linkages among candidate news releases, media coverage, and public opinion during the 2002 Florida gubernatorial election. Journal of Public relations Research, 18(3), 265-285.
Kiousis, S., Park, J. M., Kim, J. Y., & Go, E. (2013). Exploring the role of agenda-building efforts in media coverage and policymaking activity of healthcare reform. Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly, 90(4), 652-672. Retrieved from https://e-resources.perpusnas.go.id:2082/docview/1494729380?accountid=25704
Kiousis, S., Popescu, C., & Mitrook, M. (2007). Understanding influence on corporate reputation: An examination of public relations efforts, media coverage, public opinion, and financial performance from an agenda-building and agenda-setting perspective. Journal of Public relations Research, 19(2), 147-165.
Kirat, M. (2005). Public relations practice in the Arab world: A critical assessment. Public relations Review, 31(3), 323-332.
Kotzaivazoglou, I. (2011). Political marketing in the Greek context: does market orientation exist?. Journal Springer, 8, 41-56
Kriyantono, R. (2008). Public relations writing media public relations membangun citra korporat. Jakarta: Kencana Prenada Media Group.
Kriyantono, R. (2012). Teknik praktik riset komunikasi (6th ed.). Jakarta: Kencana Prenada Media Group.
Kriyantono, R. (2012a). Public relations & crisis management. Jakarta: Kencana Prenada Media.
Kriyantono, R. (2014a). Teori public relations perspektif barat dan lokal aplikasi penelitian dan praktik. Jakarta: Kencana Prenada Media Group.
Kriyantono, R. (2015). Konstruksi humas dalam tata kelola komunikasi lembaga pendidikan tinggi di era keterbukaan informasi publik. Jurnal Pekommas, 18(2).
Kriyantono, R. (2015). Konstruksi humas dalam tata kelola komunikasi lembaga pendidikan tinggi di era keterbukaan informasi publik. Jurnal Pekommas, 18 (2), 117-126
Kriyantono, R. (2015). Public relations, issue & crisis management: Pendekatan critical public relations, etnografi kritis dan kualitatif. Jakarta: Prenada Media Group
Kriyantono, R. (2017). Developing a culturally-relevant public relations theory for indonesia. Malaysian Journal of Communication, 3(1), 1-16
Kumar, M. (2007). The contemporary presidency: the carter white house communications operation: lesson for his successors. Presidential Studies Quarterly, 37(4), 717-736
Labrecque, L. I., Markos, E., & Milne, G. R. (2011). Online personal branding: processes, challenges, and implications. Journal of Interactive Marketing, 25(1), 37-50.
Lang, G. E., & Lang, K. (1991). Watergate: An exploration of the agenda-building process. Agenda setting. Readings on media, public opinion and policymaking, 277-289.
Lee, S. Y., & Riffe, D. (2017). Who sets the corporate social responsibility agenda in the news media? Unveiling the agenda-building process of corporations and a monitoring group. Public Relations Review, 43(2), 293–305. doi:10.1016/j.pubrev.2017.02.007
Len-Ríos, M.,E., Hinnant, A., Park, S., Cameron, G. T., Frisby, C. M., & Lee, Y. (2009). Health news agenda building: journalists' perceptions of the role of public relations. Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly, 86(2), 315-331. Retrieved from https://e-resources.perpusnas.go.id:2082/docview/216935453?accountid=25704
Lestari, P., & Dewi, M. A. (2010). Model Komunikasi dalam Sosialisasi Pengarusutamaan Gender dan Anggaran Responsif Gender di Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi Terakreditasi, 8(2), 191-203.
Lewandowsky, S., Ecker, U. K., & Cook, J. (2017). Beyond misinformation: Understanding and coping with the “post-truth” era. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 6(4), 353-369.
Lim dkk. (2009). Branding an airline: a case study of AirAsia. Jurnal Pengajian Media Malaysia, 11(1), 35-38
Lim, M. (2013), Mapping Media Concentration in Indonesia, retrieved from www.public.asu.edu
Liu, B.F., Horsley, J.S., & Levenshus, A.B. (2010). Government and corporate communication practices: Do the differences matter. Journal of Applied Communication Research, 38(2), 189-213.
Lubis, E., E. (2012). Peran humas dalam membentuk citra pemerintah. Jurnal Administrasi Negara, 12(1), 51-60
Luhukay, M. S. (2009). Penerapan manajemen krisis di indonesia: Memotret Krisis Dalam Kacamata Public relations. Jurnal Scriptura, 2(1), 18-28
Marshall, H., & Drieschova, A. (2018). Post-truth politics in theUK's brexit referendum: Review of central european affairs. New Perspectives, 26 (3), 89-105,175-177. Retrieved from https://e-resources.perpusnas.go.id:2082/docview/2204515142?accountid=25704
McGuire, J. (2015). The historical presidency: in the inner circle: anna Rosenberg and franklin d. Roosevelt’s presidency, 1941-1945. Presidential Studies Quarterly, 45(2), 396-406. DOI: 10.1111/psq.12193.
McNally, D., & Speak, K.(2004). Be your own brand. Jakarta: PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
Meadow, R. G. (1980). Politics as communication. Norwood, NJ: Ablex
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldana, J. (2014). Qualitative data analysis: a Methods Sourcebook (3rd ed.). USA: Sage
Miller, B. M. (2010). Community stakeholders and marketplace advocacy: A model of advocacy, agenda building, and industry approval. Journal of Public Relations Research, 22(1), 85-112.
Moleong, L. J. (2012). Metodologi penelitian kualitatif. Bandung: Remaja Rosdakarya.
Mulyana, D.,& Solatun. (2013). Metode Penelitian Komunikasi. Bandung: Remaja Rosdakarya.
Musianto, L. S. (2004). Perbedaan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan pendekatan kualitatif dalam metode penelitian. Jurnal Manajemen dan Kewirausahaan, 4(2), 123-136.
Nash, M. A. (2013). U.S. presidents and the office of management and budget in public communications: Influencing the policy process (Order No. 3590936). Available from Social Science Database. (1433854836). Retrieved from https://e-resources.perpusnas.go.id:2057/docview/1433854836?accountid=25704
Permana, R. (2016). Strategi manajemen isu dalam mempertahankan citra perusahaan (Studi pada departemen policy, government, and public affairs rumbai pt. Chevron Pacific Indonesia). Jurnal Online Mahasiswa Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Riau, 3(1)
Petrauskas, R. (2012). E-democracy projects in the regions of Lithuania: evaluation aspects. Social Technologies, 2(2), 404-419.
Pitakola, D., Naryoso, A., & Al Hayuantana, B. V. (2007). Audit citra pemerintahan Presiden Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono dan Wakil Presiden Jusuf Kalla. Jurnal Forum, 35(2), 55-59
Prasetyawati, Y. R., & Oktaviani, R. C. (2017). Implementasi sinergi humas pemerintah indonesia pascapenetapan inpres no. 9 tahun 2015. Prosiding Konferensi Nasional Komunikasi, 1(1).
Prayudi, P. (1998). Strategi komunikasi organisasi dalam menghadapi krisis. Jurnal Masalah Sosial, Politik dan Kebijakan, 2(6), 31-42
Prihananto, M. (2014). Participant observation dan personal documents dalam penelitian kualitatif BKI. Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam, 2(1), 48-64.
Purworini, D. (2017). Model informasi publik di era media sosial: Kajian grounded teori di pemda sukoharjo. Jurnal Komunikasi dan Teknologi Informasi, 6(1), 3-14.
Ragas, M. W. (2012). Issue and stakeholder intercandidate agenda setting among corporate information subsidies. Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly, 89(1), 91-111. Retrieved from https://e-resources.perpusnas.go.id:2082/docview/1026654795?accountid=25704
Ryfe, D. (2005). Presidents in culture, the meaning of presidential communication. New York: Peter Lang Publishing Inc.
Sallot, L. M., & Johnson, E. A. (2006). Investigating relationships between journalists and public relations practitioners: Working together to set, frame and build the public agenda, 1991–2004. Public Relations Review, 32(2), 151-159.
Sasser, T. L. (2015). Public relations in government-based public health: Testing contingency theory during H1N1 response, 2009-2010 (Order No. 3716166). Available from Social Science Database. (1711144346). Retrieved from https://search.proquest.com/docview/1711144346?accountid=25704
Scacco, J., Coe, K., & Hearit, L. (2018). Presidential communication in tumultuous times: insight into key shifts, normative implications, and research oppurtunities. Annals of the International Communication Association, 42(1), 21-37. DOI: 10.1080/23808985.2018.1433962
Scheufele, D. A. (2000). Agenda-setting, priming, and framing revisited: Another look at cognitive effects of political communication. Mass Communication & Society, 3 (2-3), 297-316.
Schweickart, T., Jordan, N., Ji, Y. K., & Kiousis, S. (2016). Time-lag analysis of the agenda-building process between white house public relations and congressional policymaking activity. Journal of Communication Management, 20(4), 363-380. doi:http://e-resources.perpusnas.go.id:2130/10.1108/JCOM-01-2016-0001
Setyarso, B. & Hidayat, B. (2011). Cerita di Balik Dapur Tempo. Jakarta: KPG
Stalk, G., Evans, P., & Shulman, L. E. (1992). Competing on capabilities: The new rules of corporate strategy. Harvard business review, 70 (2), 57-69.
Subiakto, H. & Ida, R. (2012). Komunikasi politik, media, dan demokrasi. Jakarta: Kencana.
Tomsa, D. (2007). Party Politics and the Media in Indonesia: Creating a New Dual Identity for Golkar. Contemporary Southeast Asia: A Journal of International and Strategic Affairs, 29(1), 77-96
Tsipursky, G. (2017). Towards a post-lies future: Fighting "alternative facts" and "post-truth". Journal of The Humanist, 77 (2), 12-15
Valenzuela, S. (2011). The affective citizen communication model: How emotions engage citizens with politics through media and discussion (Order No. 3484396). The University of Texas at Austin.Available from Social Science Database. (906381170). Diakses dari https://e-resources.perpusnas.go.id:2057/docview/906381170?accountid=25704
Wardhani, D. (2008). Media relations: Sarana membangun reputasi organisasi. Graha Ilmu: Jakarta.
Weaver, D. H. (2007). Thoughts on agenda setting, framing, and priming. Journal of communication, 57(1), 142-147.
Wimmer, R. D., & Dominick, J. R. (2013). Mass media research: An Introduction (9th ed.) Boston: Cengage learning. Diakses pada 21 April 2017, dari https://scholar.google.co.id/scholar?hl=id&q=wimmer+and+dominick+mass+media+research+&btnG=&oq=wimmer+
Published
2023-07-14
How to Cite
Rachmawati, F. (2023). Strategi Humas Pemerintah Dalam Pengelolalan Managemen Isu Di Era Post Truth. Communicology: Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi, 11(1), 114 - 127. https://doi.org/10.21009/COMMUNICOLOGY.031.08