The Effect of Stair Ascent–Descent Training on Lower-Limb Muscle Explosive Power of Shorinji Kempo Athletes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21009/GJIK.173.11Keywords:
combat sport, explosive power, lower limb , Shorinji Kempo , stair trainingAbstract
This study examined the effect of stair ascent–descent training on lower-limb muscle explosive power among Shorinji Kempo athletes at Dojo UPG 1945 NTT. A quantitative experimental approach with a randomized pretest–posttest control-group design was employed. Twenty active athletes were allocated into a stair-training group (n = 10) and a control group (n = 10). The experimental group completed an eight-week progressive stair program, three sessions per week, in addition to regular technical practice, whereas the control group continued regular practice only. Lower-limb explosive power was assessed using the vertical jump test. Data were analyzed using Shapiro–Wilk tests, Levene’s test, paired-samples t tests, and an independent-samples t test on gain scores, with effect sizes reported. The stair-training group improved from 41.80 ± 2.84 cm to 45.82 ± 3.77 cm, representing a mean gain of 4.02 ± 1.46 cm (9.62%; p < .001). The control group increased by 0.60 ± 1.41 cm (1.44%; p = .211). The between-group difference in gain scores was statistically significant, t(18) = 5.323, p < .001, with a large standardized effect (Hedges’ g = 2.28). Stair ascent–descent training therefore appears to be an accessible and effective method for improving lower-limb explosive power in Shorinji Kempo athletes. The findings should be interpreted cautiously because of the small sample and short intervention period.Downloads
References
Chiang, C.-Y., Chiang, Y.-C., Lin, H.-Y., Tseng, H.-C., Chu, M.-Y., & Chang, J.-S. (2025). Lower extremity stretch-shortening cycle performance in the vertical and horizontal direction as key determinants of success in collegiate male taekwondo. Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology, 10(1), 15. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk10010015
Chow, G. C.-C., Kong, Y.-H., & Pun, W.-Y. (2023). The concurrent validity and test-retest reliability of possible remote assessments for measuring countermovement jump: My Jump 2, HomeCourt & Takei Vertical Jump Meter. Applied Sciences, 13(4), 2142. https://doi.org/10.3390/app13042142
Cid-Calfucura, I., Herrera-Valenzuela, T., Franchini, E., Falco, C., Alvial-Moscoso, J., Pardo-Tamayo, C., Zapata-Huenullán, C., Ojeda-Aravena, A., & Valdés-Badilla, P. (2023). Effects of strength training on physical fitness of Olympic combat sports athletes: A systematic review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(4), 3516. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043516
Cinarli, F. S., Aydogdu, O., Aydin, Y., Tokgöz, G., Kahraman, A., Beykumül, A., Aygoren, C., Yılmaz, N., & Ramirez-Campillo, R. (2025). Maximal strength, sprint and jump performance in elite kumite karatekas. BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation, 17, 8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-024-01051-9
Fischetti, F., Vilardi, A. D., Cataldi, S., & Greco, G. (2018). Effects of plyometric training program on speed and explosive strength of lower limbs in young athletes. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 18(4), 2476–2482. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2018.04372
Gaweł, E., Drozd, M., & Zając, A. (2025). Current trends in physical and physiological profile of elite WKF karate athletes: A systematic review. BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation, 17, 6. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-024-01047-5
Haetami, M., Ali, R. H., Yunitaningrum, W., & Bafadal, M. F. (2024). Shorinji Kempo Randori: Physiological analysis of West Kalimantan athletes in preparation for the National Sports Week (PON) qualifying rounds. Journal Sport Area, 9(2), 235–245. https://doi.org/10.25299/sportarea.2024.vol9(2).14174
Ioannides, C., Apostolidis, A., Hadjicharalambous, M., & Zaras, N. (2020). Effect of a 6-week plyometric training on power, muscle strength, and rate of force development in young competitive karate athletes. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 20(4), 1740–1746. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2020.04236
Kostikiadis, I. N., Methenitis, S., Tsoukos, A., Veligekas, P., Terzis, G., & Bogdanis, G. C. (2018). The effect of short-term sport-specific strength and conditioning training on physical fitness of well-trained mixed martial arts athletes. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 17(3), 348–358.
Moreno-Azze, A., Prad-Lucas, E., Fandos Soñén, D., Pradas de la Fuente, F., & Falcón-Miguel, D. (2024). Plyometric training’s effects on young male karatekas’ jump, change of direction, and inter-limb asymmetry. Sports, 12(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports12010001
Nurrochmah, S. (2025). The effectiveness of lateral hop and leg press training on limb strength and explosive power for athletes. Jp.Jok (Jurnal Pendidikan Jasmani, Olahraga dan Kesehatan), 6(1), 146–160. https://doi.org/10.33503/jp.jok.v6i1.911
Ojeda-Aravena, A., Herrera-Valenzuela, T., Valdés-Badilla, P., Báez-San Martín, E., Thapa, R. K., & Ramirez-Campillo, R. (2023). A systematic review with meta-analysis on the effects of plyometric-jump training on the physical fitness of combat sport athletes. Sports, 11(2), 33. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports11020033
Siregar, Y. I., Nurkadri, N., Rohaya, N., Muda, S., & Ginting, D. A. (2023). Contribution of squat jump, leg squat, and walking lunge to mawashi geri kicking ability skills. Jurnal SPORTIF: Jurnal Penelitian Pembelajaran, 9(2), 355–368. https://doi.org/10.29407/js_unpgri.v9i2.21014
Suprastya, B., Ariani, L. P. T., & Laksana, A. A. N. P. (2026). Pengaruh latihan split squat jump dan lunges terhadap kekuatan otot tungkai kenshi Shorinji Kempo Buleleng. SPRINTER: Jurnal Ilmu Olahraga, 7(1), 341–346. https://doi.org/10.46838/spr.v7i1.1088
Van Roie, E., van Uffelen, J., & Delecluse, C. (2025). Stair-climbing versus machine-based resistance exercise to improve muscle power among older adults: A noninferiority trial. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 39(3), e496–e505. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000005005
Yuan, Q., Deng, N., & Soh, K. G. (2025). A meta-analysis of the effects of plyometric training on muscle strength and power in martial arts athletes. BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation, 17, 12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-025-01059-9
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Categories
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Carles Nyoman Wali, Uly Jonathan Riwu Kaho, Ramdan Pelana
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
