MOMENT-CURVATURE ANALYSIS OF GRADED CONCRETE BEAM WITH CONCRETE STRENGTH DISPARITY VARIATIONS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21009/jpensil.v11i1.25072Keywords:
Moment capacity, Curvature, RC beams, Graded concreteAbstract
The application of graded concrete on structural elements is predicted to increase the capacity of the structural performance, serviceability, and to reduce costs compared to conventional concrete structures. This study aims to analyze (1) the load-deflection relationship, (2) the moment-curvature, (3) the deflection ductility ratio, and (4) the crack pattern. This study used reinforced concrete (RC) beams specimens with the dimension of 13x19x150 cm which was categorized as reference specimens and graded concrete beams. For reference specimens, an RC beam possessing concrete strength of 30 MPa; 40 MPa; 50 MPa were prepared; For the graded concrete beams, two specimens made of 30-40 MPa; 30-50 MPa; 40-50 MPa were prepared. In terms of casting graded concrete beams, low-strength concrete is placed on the tensile fiber of the beam, while on the compressive fiber of the beam, high-strength concrete is placed. The specimens were tested using the four-point bending method. The results showed that the increase in the concrete strength in the compression fiber of the beam contributed to the increase in load capacity, stiffness, and serviceability in the post-crack phase. The increase of concrete strength in compression fibers by 20 MPa is considered effective and has a positive impact on the moment-curvature capacity and is considered efficient in construction costs. The deflection ductility of the beam is classified as partial ductile and is adequate for structural design in earthquake-prone areas. A flexural cracks pattern was found on each specimen.
References
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Daugevičius, M., Valivonis, J., & Skuturna, T. (2019). Prediction of deflection of reinforced concrete beams strengthened with fiber reinforced polymer. Materials, 12(9). https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12091367
Dok, G., Ozturk, H., & Demir, A. (2017). Determining moment-curvature relationship of reinforced concrete columns. The Eurasia Proceedings of Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics (EPSTEM), 1, 52–58.
Gang-Kyu, P., Hyo-Gyoung, K., & C., F. F. (2017). Blast Analysis of RC Beams Based on Moment-Curvature Relationship Considering Fixed-End Rotation. Journal of Structural Engineering, 143(9), 4017104. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0001837
Gentile, R., Porco, F., Raffaele, D., & Uva, G. (2018). Simplified moment-curvature relationship in analytical form for circular RC sections. Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering, 51(3), 145–158. https://doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.51.3.145-158
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Mangalathu, S., & Jeon, J. S. (2018). Classification of failure mode and prediction of shear strength for reinforced concrete beam-column joints using machine learning techniques. Engineering Structures. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0141029617329401
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Nawy, E. G. (1996). Reinforced Concrete, Fundamental Approach (3 ed.). Prentice-Hall Inc.
Nur, O. F. (2009). Analisa Pengaruh Penambahan Tulangan Tekan Terhadap Daktilitas Kurvatur Balok Beton Bertulang. Jurnal Rekayasa Teknik Sipil, 5(1).
Olivia, M., Mandal, P. (2005). "Curvature Ductility of Reinforced Concrete Beams." Teknik Sipil Journal, October, Vol.6, No. 1, pp.1-13.
Paulay, T., & Priestley, M. J. . (1992). Seismic Design of Reinforced Concrete and Masonry Buildings. John Wiley & Sons.
Pratama, M. M. A., Gan, B. S., Lie, H. A. L. H. A., & Putra, A. B. N. R. (2019). A Numerical Analysis of The Modulus of Elasticity of The Graded Concrete. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Vocational Education and Training (ICOVET 2018), 118–120. https://doi.org/10.2991/icovet-18.2019.29
Pratama, M. M. A., Suhud, R. K., Puspitasari, P., Kusuma, F. I., & Rahma Putra, A. B. N. (2019). Finite element analysis of the bending moment-curvature of the double-layered graded concrete beam. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 494, 12064. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/494/1/012064
Purnamasari, D. (2019). Pengaruh Teknik Pemadatan terhadap Kuat Lentor Balok Beton Gradasi [Skripsi. Universitas Negeri Malang]. http://repository.um.ac.id/151493/
Reddy, V. M., Rao S. M.V. (2012). "Moment Curvature Characteristics of Fibre Reinforced High Strength Concrete Beams." International Journal of Earth Sciences and Engineering, April, Vol. 5, No.2, pp. 335-340.
Satiadi, H., Djauhari, Z., & Suryanita, R. (2016). Simulasi Numerik Kurva Hubungan Momen Dan Kurvatur Balok Beton Bertulang Dengan Variasi Penampang. Jom FTEKNIK, 3(1), 1–15.
Shin S.W., Ghosh S. K., and Mereno J. (1989). "Flexural Ductility of Ultra High Strength Concrete Members." ACI Structural Journal, July-August, Vol.86, No.4, pp.340-400.
Siddika, A., Mamun, M. A. Al, Alyousef, R., & ... (2019). Strengthening of reinforced concrete beams by using fiber-reinforced polymer composites: A review. Journal of Building …. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352710219302438
Słowik, M. (2019). The analysis of failure in concrete and reinforced concrete beams with different reinforcement ratio. In Archive of Applied Mechanics. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00419-018-1476-5
Suhud, R. K. (2019). Studi numeris momen-kurvatur balok beton bertulang bergradasi [Skripsi. Universitas Negeri Malang]. http://repository.um.ac.id/151428/
Tanuwijaya, P. S. (2010). Analisis dan Eksperimental Perhitungan Momen-Kurvatur Balok Beton Bertulang [Universitas Maranatha]. http://repository.maranatha.edu/3144/
T Krishna Thulasi1, S Subathra 2, T P Meikandaan3 “An Experimental Study of Crack Patterns on Reinforced Concrete Beam”, (IRJET), Volume: 05 Issue: 03 | Mar-2018
Ujianto, M. (2006). Lendutan dan Kekakuan Balok Beton Bertulang dengan LUBANG SEGI EMPAT DI BADAN. Jurnal eco Rekayasa, 2(2), 52–57.
Valivonis, J.; Skuturna, T.; Daugeviˇcius, M. The load-carrying capacity of reinforced concrete beams strengthened with carbon fibre composite in the tension zone subjected to temporary or sustained load. In Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Modern Building Materials. Structures and Techniques, Vilnius, Lithuania, 19–21 May 2010; pp. 818–825.
Vertian, T. (2019). Analisis perbandingan momen-kurvatur balok gradasi 2 lapis dan 3 lapis [Skripsi. Unversitas Negeri Malang]. http://repository.um.ac.id/151457/
Yu, Y., Lee, S., & Cho, J. Y. (2021). Deflection of reinforced concrete beam under low-velocity impact loads. International Journal of Impact Engineering. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0734743X21000658
Amri, S. (2005). Teknologi Beton A-Z. Yayasan John Hi-Tech Ideatama.
Ardiwinata, Y. (2014). Studi Pengaruh Tiga Metode Pemadatan Beton Segar Terhadap Kuat Tekan Dan Segregasi Beton Dengan Mutu Beton K-300 (fc =24,9 MPa). Jurnal Teknik Sipil dan Lingkungan, 2(3). https://ejournal.unsri.ac.id/index.php/jtsl/article/view/1935
Arifanda, W. (2019). Studi Numeris dan Eksperimental Tahanan Geser Balok Beton Bertulang Bergradasi. [Skripsi. Universitas Negeri Malang.]
Ashraf Abdalkader, et.al. “Flexural Cracking Behavior Of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete Beams” IJSTR, VOLUME 6, ISSUE 08, AUGUST 2017
Aylie, H., Gan, B. S., As’ad, S., & Pratama, M. M. A. (2015). Parametric Study of the Load Carrying Capacity of Functionally Graded Concrete of Flexural Members. International Journal of Engineering and Technology Innovation, 5(4 SE-Articles). https://ojs.imeti.org/index.php/IJETI/article/view/32
Cinitha, A., Umesha, P.K., Nagesh, Lyer R. (2014). "Evaluation of Seismic Performance of Existing Steel Buildings." American Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering, Vol. 1, No.2, pp.22-33.
Daugevičius, M., Valivonis, J., & Skuturna, T. (2019). Prediction of deflection of reinforced concrete beams strengthened with fiber reinforced polymer. Materials, 12(9). https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12091367
Dok, G., Ozturk, H., & Demir, A. (2017). Determining moment-curvature relationship of reinforced concrete columns. The Eurasia Proceedings of Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics (EPSTEM), 1, 52–58.
Gang-Kyu, P., Hyo-Gyoung, K., & C., F. F. (2017). Blast Analysis of RC Beams Based on Moment-Curvature Relationship Considering Fixed-End Rotation. Journal of Structural Engineering, 143(9), 4017104. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0001837
Gentile, R., Porco, F., Raffaele, D., & Uva, G. (2018). Simplified moment-curvature relationship in analytical form for circular RC sections. Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering, 51(3), 145–158. https://doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.51.3.145-158
Hawileh, R.A. Nonlinear finite element modelling of RC beams strengthened with NSM FRP rods. Constr. Build. Mater. 2012, 27, 461–471. [CrossRef]
Karolina, R. (2008). Analisa dan Kajian Eksperimental Hubungan Momen - Kurvatur pada Balok Beton Bertulang [Universitas Sumatera Utara]. https://repositori.usu.ac.id/handle/123456789/40920?show=full
Laboratorium Rekayasa Struktur Institut Teknologi Bandung. (2013). Teori Dasar Kurvatur Momen Beton Bertulang. Institut Teknologi Bandung.
Langi, W., Kumaat, E. lienJ, & Manalip, H. (2018). Tegangan Lekat Antara Baja Dan Beton Dengan Mutu Beton 40-70 MPa. Jurnal Sipil Statik, 6(1), 995–1002. https://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/index.php/jss/article/view/20856/20544
Leslie K. E., Rajaopulan K. S., and Everad N.J. (1976). "Flexural Behavior of High Strength Concrete Beams." ACI Journal, September, Vol. 73, No.9, pp. 517-521.
Lüchinger, P. (1996). Basis of design - Serviceability aspects. ABSE Colloquium on Basis of Design and Actions on Structures - Background and Application of Eurocode 1.
MacGregor, J. G., & Wight, J. K. (1997). Reinforced concrete: mechanics and design (3 ed.). Prentice-Hall Inc.
Mangalathu, S., & Jeon, J. S. (2018). Classification of failure mode and prediction of shear strength for reinforced concrete beam-column joints using machine learning techniques. Engineering Structures. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0141029617329401
Mansor A. Ahmed, Salman W.D., and Ali Lafta Abbas. (2019). "Finite Element Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Deep Beams Strengthened in Shear with CFRP", ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, January 2019, Vol. 14, No.2, pp. 381-391.
Mansor, A. A., Mohammed, A. S., & Salman, W. D. (2020). Effect of longitudinal steel reinforcement ratio on deflection and ductility in reinforced concrete beams. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 888(1), 0–10. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/888/1/012008
Nawy, E. G. (1996). Reinforced Concrete, Fundamental Approach (3 ed.). Prentice-Hall Inc.
Nur, O. F. (2009). Analisa Pengaruh Penambahan Tulangan Tekan Terhadap Daktilitas Kurvatur Balok Beton Bertulang. Jurnal Rekayasa Teknik Sipil, 5(1).
Olivia, M., Mandal, P. (2005). "Curvature Ductility of Reinforced Concrete Beams." Teknik Sipil Journal, October, Vol.6, No. 1, pp.1-13.
Paulay, T., & Priestley, M. J. . (1992). Seismic Design of Reinforced Concrete and Masonry Buildings. John Wiley & Sons.
Pratama, M. M. A., Gan, B. S., Lie, H. A. L. H. A., & Putra, A. B. N. R. (2019). A Numerical Analysis of The Modulus of Elasticity of The Graded Concrete. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Vocational Education and Training (ICOVET 2018), 118–120. https://doi.org/10.2991/icovet-18.2019.29
Pratama, M. M. A., Suhud, R. K., Puspitasari, P., Kusuma, F. I., & Rahma Putra, A. B. N. (2019). Finite element analysis of the bending moment-curvature of the double-layered graded concrete beam. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 494, 12064. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/494/1/012064
Purnamasari, D. (2019). Pengaruh Teknik Pemadatan terhadap Kuat Lentor Balok Beton Gradasi [Skripsi. Universitas Negeri Malang]. http://repository.um.ac.id/151493/
Reddy, V. M., Rao S. M.V. (2012). "Moment Curvature Characteristics of Fibre Reinforced High Strength Concrete Beams." International Journal of Earth Sciences and Engineering, April, Vol. 5, No.2, pp. 335-340.
Satiadi, H., Djauhari, Z., & Suryanita, R. (2016). Simulasi Numerik Kurva Hubungan Momen Dan Kurvatur Balok Beton Bertulang Dengan Variasi Penampang. Jom FTEKNIK, 3(1), 1–15.
Shin S.W., Ghosh S. K., and Mereno J. (1989). "Flexural Ductility of Ultra High Strength Concrete Members." ACI Structural Journal, July-August, Vol.86, No.4, pp.340-400.
Siddika, A., Mamun, M. A. Al, Alyousef, R., & ... (2019). Strengthening of reinforced concrete beams by using fiber-reinforced polymer composites: A review. Journal of Building …. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352710219302438
Słowik, M. (2019). The analysis of failure in concrete and reinforced concrete beams with different reinforcement ratio. In Archive of Applied Mechanics. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00419-018-1476-5
Suhud, R. K. (2019). Studi numeris momen-kurvatur balok beton bertulang bergradasi [Skripsi. Universitas Negeri Malang]. http://repository.um.ac.id/151428/
Tanuwijaya, P. S. (2010). Analisis dan Eksperimental Perhitungan Momen-Kurvatur Balok Beton Bertulang [Universitas Maranatha]. http://repository.maranatha.edu/3144/
T Krishna Thulasi1, S Subathra 2, T P Meikandaan3 “An Experimental Study of Crack Patterns on Reinforced Concrete Beam”, (IRJET), Volume: 05 Issue: 03 | Mar-2018
Ujianto, M. (2006). Lendutan dan Kekakuan Balok Beton Bertulang dengan LUBANG SEGI EMPAT DI BADAN. Jurnal eco Rekayasa, 2(2), 52–57.
Valivonis, J.; Skuturna, T.; Daugeviˇcius, M. The load-carrying capacity of reinforced concrete beams strengthened with carbon fibre composite in the tension zone subjected to temporary or sustained load. In Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Modern Building Materials. Structures and Techniques, Vilnius, Lithuania, 19–21 May 2010; pp. 818–825.
Vertian, T. (2019). Analisis perbandingan momen-kurvatur balok gradasi 2 lapis dan 3 lapis [Skripsi. Unversitas Negeri Malang]. http://repository.um.ac.id/151457/
Yu, Y., Lee, S., & Cho, J. Y. (2021). Deflection of reinforced concrete beam under low-velocity impact loads. International Journal of Impact Engineering. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0734743X21000658
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Published
2022-01-30
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Pratama, M. M. A., Andi, M. F. ., & Hadhinata, C. . (2022). MOMENT-CURVATURE ANALYSIS OF GRADED CONCRETE BEAM WITH CONCRETE STRENGTH DISPARITY VARIATIONS . Jurnal Pensil : Pendidikan Teknik Sipil, 11(1), 20–35. https://doi.org/10.21009/jpensil.v11i1.25072
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