Analysis of the Effect of LEP-01 Pour Point Depressant on Crude Oil Viscosity Using Rotational Rheology
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21009/JRSKT.091.06Keywords:
Crude oil; Pour point depressant; LEP-01; Rotational rheology; Viscosity; Wax crystal.Abstract
The transportation of crude oil through pipelines is significantly influenced by its viscosity, particularly at low temperatures where wax crystals begin to form and restrict fluid flow. The use of chemical additives, such as pour point depressants (PPDs), has become an effective approach to improving the flow characteristics of waxy crude oil. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of LEP-01 pour point depressant on the viscosity of crude oil using a rotational rheology method. Crude oil samples were treated with LEP-01 at concentrations of 1000, 2000, and 3000 ppm, while untreated crude oil was used as a blank sample. Before testing, all samples were heated, mixed to achieve homogeneity, and analyzed using a rotational rheometer under controlled cooling conditions. The experimental results showed that crude oil viscosity increased as the temperature decreased due to wax crystallization. The addition of LEP-01 effectively reduced the viscosity of crude oil compared with the blank sample, with the highest concentration (3000 ppm) providing the greatest viscosity reduction. This improvement is attributed to the ability of LEP-01 to modify wax crystal growth and inhibit crystal aggregation, thereby reducing flow resistance at low temperatures. Overall, the results demonstrate that LEP-01 has considerable potential as a flow improver for maintaining crude oil flowability during low-temperature transportation and handling.
References
Arini, D. R., Purnawan, C., Rahayu, E. S., Utomowati, R., & Purnomo, N. A. (2022).
Sumbangan indeks kualitas udara wilayah sebagai bagian pencapaian Sustainable Development Goals (Studi kasus: Kabupaten Magetan). ENVIRO: Journal of Tropical Environmental Research, 24(2), 36–46. https://doi.org/10.20961/enviro.v24i2.70452
Ariza-León, E., Molina-Velasco, D. R., & Chaves-Guerrero, A. (2014). Review of studies on asphaltene–wax interaction and the effect thereof on crystallization. CT&F - Ciencia, Tecnología y Futuro, 5(5), 39–53.
Bagheri, H., Mousavi, S., Nami, S. H., & Heris, S. Z. (2023). A comprehensive study on MWCNTs and SDS integration in anionic crude oil for enhanced EOR processes. Research Square. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3628545/v1
Demirbay, B., Karakullukçu, B., & Acar, F. G. (2020). Artificial neural network (ANN) approach for dynamic viscosity of aqueous gelatin solutions: A soft computing study. Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, (18), 465–475. https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.680773
Eke, W. I., Kyei, S. K., Ajienka, J., & Akaranta, O. (2021). Effect of bio-based flow improver on the microscopic and low-temperature flow properties of waxy crude oil. Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology, 11, 711–724. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13202-020-01078-x
Elarbe, B., Elganidi, I., Ridzuan, N., Abdullah, N., & Yusoh, K. (2021). Paraffin wax deposition and its remediation methods on crude oil pipelines: A systematic review. Maejo International Journal of Energy and Environmental Communication, 3(3), 6–
34. https://doi.org/10.54279/mijeec.v3i3.244943
Elganidi, I., Elarbe, B., Ridzuan, N., & Abdullah, N. (2021). A review on wax deposition issue and its impact on the operational factors in the crude oil pipeline. Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, 17(1), 44–49. https://doi.org/10.11113/mjfas.v17n1.2027
Hadi, H. S., Aisyah, P. Y., Arifin, S., Adziimaa, A. F., & Abdurrakhman, A. (2022). Fluid viscosity measuring instrument with Internet of Things (IoT) based rotary method. Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences, 92(1), 65–
89. https://doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.92.1.6589
Hadi, K., Sofiyanita, & Ardiansyah. (2021). Hidrokarbon dan minyak bumi dalam perspektif Al Quran. Journal of Natural Science and Integration, 4(2), 244–252.
Heviyanti, L., Hasbullah, A., & Kurniawan, D. H. (2023). Investigasi eksperimental pengaruh kandungan kimia air pada penurunan viskositas minyak mentah berat dengan emulsifikasi. PETRO: Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Perminyakan, 12(4). https://doi.org/10.25105/petro.v12i4.18431 Ilmi, N., & Novawanda, O. (2020). Pelatihan pembuatan lilin sebagai peluang usaha di Dusun Pendem. Jurnal Sains Teknologi dalam Pemberdayaan Masyarakat (JSTPM), 1(2), 69–74.
Kotula, A. P., & Migler, K. B. (2018). Evaluating models for polycaprolactone crystallization via simultaneous rheology and Raman spectroscopy. Journal of Rheology, 62(1), 343–356. https://doi.org/10.1122/1.5008381
Lei, I. M. A. E., Triki, N. M., & Mezughi, K. M. (2020). Characterization of pure and undefined petroleum fractions of Messla and Sarir crude oils of Libya using correlation models. International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology, 7(6), 194–211. https://doi.org/10.32628/IJSRST207615
Lin, Q., Deng, L., Dong, G., Tang, X., Li, W., Long, Z., You, L., & Xu, F. (2022). ARDG
analysis of asphaltene molecular viscosity and aggregation behaviors based on NEMD simulation [Preprint]. Research Square. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1989230/v1
Makmuro, T. (2004). Pengaruh kualitatif dan kuantitatif surfaktan terhadap peningkatan perolehan minyak. LPMGB: Lembaran Publikasi Minyak dan Gas Bumi, 38(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.29017/LPMGB.38.1.743
Mihrin, D. (2020). Investigations of compositions and fluid-fluid association mechanisms for petroleum fluids. Technical University of Denmark.
Munoz, G., Gunessee, B. K., Bégué, D., Bouyssiere, B., Baraille, I., Vallverdu, G., & Santos Silva, H. (2019). Redox activity of nickel and vanadium porphyrins: A possible mechanism behind petroleum genesis and maturation. RSC Advances, 9(17), 9509–9518. https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ra01104h
Nagasawa, K., Suzuki, T., Seto, R., Okada, M., & Yue, Y. (2019). Mixing sauces: A viscosity blending model for shear thinning fluids. ACM Transactions on Graphics, 38(4), 95:1–95:17. https://doi.org/10.1145/3306346.3322947
Onwumelu, D. C., Onwuka, M. K., Nnebeana, S. E., Okoro, T. C., Ekeocha, A. F., Offurum,
C. C., & Ndubusi, V. N. (2022). Crude oil and the problem of wax deposition on pipeline systems during transportation: A review. World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 15(1), 781–798. https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2022.15.1.0770
Rudszuck, T., Förster, E., Nirschl, H., & Guthausen, G. (2019). Low-field NMR for quality control on oils. Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry, 57(10), 777–793. https://doi.org/10.1002/mrc.4856
Speight, J. G. (2004). Petroleum asphaltenes part 1: Asphaltenes, resins and the structure of petroleum. Oil & Gas Science and Technology – Revue de l'IFP, 59(5), 467–477.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Jurnal Riset Sains dan Kimia Terapan
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
