MAPPING HOAX THEMES DURING THE EARLY PPKM DARURAT POLICY IN INDONESIA
Keywords:
Covid-19; Hoax; social media; PPKM Darurat policyAbstract
The development of information and communication technology has indeed provided convenience in handling Covid-19. On the other hand, this condition has an unexpected impact, namely the infodemic. The infodemic phenomenon is caused by exposure of a large amount of information that allows true and false information to be accessed. It becomes a problem when these hoaxes become a reference for the public in handling COVID-19. This research aims to map the hoax themes that most frequently emerged during the emergency PPRM period, and analyze the causes of hoaxes circulating massively during the pandemic. This study will further discuss hoax themes during the early PPKM Darurat Covid-19 Outbreak Policy from 1st - 12th July 2021. The online qualitative approach is used as a tool to view and analyze this phenomenon. The hoaxes analyzed came from Cekfakta.com which is a hoax verification portal in Indonesia. Hoaxes that were informed on the portal were then collected and analyzed for themes, sources. The results of this research show that social media becomes the main source of hoax circulation. There are three major theme trends that become hoaxes in the early PPKM Darurat in Indonesia, namely politics, health, and religion. There are three things that affect the masiv spread of hoaxes, namely: 1) Community culture, 2) The development of digital technology, 3) Low media literacy. Two recommendations that can be given through this research are digital literacy in society, and the development of tabayyun, namely checking and rechecking information before it is received and distributed.
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Ngadzimah, A. N., & Fajarlie, N. I. (2020). Infodemi : Gagalnya Komunikasi di Masa Pandemi. 2(2), 274–279.
Parwani, P., Choi, A. D., Lopez-Mattei, J., Raza, S., Chen, T., Narang, A., Michos, E. D., Erwin, J. P., Mamas, M. A., & Gulati, M. (2019). Understanding Social Media. In Journal of the American College of Cardiology (Vol. 73, Issue 9). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2018.12.044
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Zhang, X., & Ghorbani, A. A. (2020). An overview of online fake news: Characterization, detection, and discussion. Information Processing and Management, 57(2). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ipm.2019.03.004
Abidin, C., & Digital Lab. (2020). Social Media Penetration in Indonesia [Research]. Digital Bussines Lab. https://digital-business-lab.com/2020/11/②-social-media-penetration-in-indonesia-research/
Agrawal, A., Gindodiya, A., Deo, K., Kashikar, S., Fulzele, P., & Khatib, N. (2021). A Comparative Analysis of the Spanish Flu 1918 and COVID-19 Pandemics. The Open Public Health Journal, 14(1), 128–134. https://doi.org/10.2174/1874944502114010128
Alfin Heriagus. (2021). Covid-19 Varian Delta dan Penularannya. Https://Www.Ui.Ac.Id/Category/Berita/. https://www.ui.ac.id/covid-19-varian-delta-dan-penularannya/
Alsalmi, J. M., & Shehata, A. M. K. (2022). Official Uses of Social Media. In Mass Communications and the Influence of Information During Times of Crises (pp. 123–140). IGI GLOBAL. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7503-1.ch006
Aprilia, M. P. (2022). Para ibu blogger bercerita tentang covid-19: narasi ketahanan keluarga di blog pengasuhan. Communications, 4(2), 207–221. https://journal.unj.ac.id/unj/index.php/communications/article/view/25395
Barro, R. J., Jose, F., & Ursua, J. W. (2012). The Coronavirus and the Great Influenza Pandemic: Lessons from the “Spanish Flu” for the Coronavirus’s Potential Effects on Mortality and Economic Activity. NBER Working Paper, 26866.
Budihardjo, B., Winarno, W., Zuhri, M., Malihah, N., Syaifuddin, H., & Cahyono, G. (2020). Hoax and Hate Speech: Social Media andthe Rise of Tribal Nationalism in 2019 Indonesia Presidential Election. EAI. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.1-10-2019.2291662
Chen, X., Lee, W., & Lin, F. (2022). Infodemic, Institutional Trust, and COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy: A Cross-National Survey. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(13). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19138033
Cifuentes-Faura, J. (2020). COVID-19 and infodemics: How to solve this problem. International Journal of Media and Information Literacy, 5(2), 145–152. https://doi.org/10.13187/IJMIL.2020.2.145
CNN. (2021, July 12). Deret Amarah dan Amuk Warga ke Aparat Imbas PPKM Darurat. CNN Indonesia. https://www.cnnindonesia.com/nasional/20210712065119-20-666257/deret-amarah-dan-amuk-warga-ke-aparat-imbas-ppkm-darurat
Franklin, N. (2017). Islam in Indonesia: the contest for society, ideas and values. Asian Studies Review, 41(4), 685–687. https://doi.org/10.1080/10357823.2017.1317621
Fuch, C. (2021). Social media: a critical introduction. In Information, Communication & Society (Vol. 18, Issue 12). Sage publications. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118x.2015.1050052
Gatra.com. (2021). Informasi Hoaks Meningkat di Masa Pandemi. https://www.gatra.com/detail/news/525280/milenial/informasi-hoaks-meningkat-di-masa-pandemi
Gianie. (2021). Nasib Tenaga Kesehatan di Ujung Tanduk. https://www.kompas.id/baca/riset/2021/07/09/nasib-tenaga-kesehatan-di-ujung-tanduk
Gisondi, M. A., Barber, R., Faust, J. S., Raja, A., Strehlow, M. C., Westafer, L. M., & Gottlieb, M. (2022). A Deadly Infodemic: Social Media and the Power of COVID-19 Misinformation. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 24(2). https://doi.org/10.2196/35552
Horváth, D. (2022). Pandemic and Infodemic – Which One Is More Dangerous? Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Communicatio, 9(1), 125–139. https://doi.org/10.2478/auscom-2022-0009
JHU, C. (2021). COVID-19 Data Repository. GitHub USA.
Kemp. (2020). Digital 2020: Indonesia. Datareportal. https://datareportal.com/reports/digital-2020-indonesia
Kominfo. (2017, January). Ini Cara Mengatasi Berita “Hoax” di Dunia Maya Kategori Sorotan Media. Kominfo.Go.Id, 3–7. https://kominfo.go.id/content/detail/8949/ini-cara-mengatasi-berita-hoax-di-dunia-maya/0/sorotan_media
Kominfo. (2021). Mulai 3 Juli, Pemerintah Berlakukan PPKM Darurat di Jawa-Bali. Kominfo. https://www.kominfo.go.id/content/detail/35388/mulai-3-juli-pemerintah-berlakukan-ppkm-darurat-di-jawa-bali/0/berita#:~:text=Jakarta%2C Kominfo - Pemerintah memutuskan untuk,di Pulau Jawa dan Bali.
Kunjana Rahardi, R. (2020). Building Critical Awareness of Corona Virus-Related News: Cyber-Pragmatic Study of COVID-19 Hoaxes on Social Media. International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology, 29(6), 5398–5409.
Miller, J. W. (2016). World’s Most Literate Nations. Central Connecticut State University. https://www.ccsu.edu/wmln/rank.html
Muzykant, V. L., Muqsith, M. A., Pratomo, R. R., & Barabash, V. (2021). Fake News on COVID-19 in Indonesia. In Pandemic Communication and Resilience. Risk, Systems and Decisions (pp. 363–378). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77344-1_22
Ngadzimah, A. N., & Fajarlie, N. I. (2020). Infodemi : Gagalnya Komunikasi di Masa Pandemi. 2(2), 274–279.
Parwani, P., Choi, A. D., Lopez-Mattei, J., Raza, S., Chen, T., Narang, A., Michos, E. D., Erwin, J. P., Mamas, M. A., & Gulati, M. (2019). Understanding Social Media. In Journal of the American College of Cardiology (Vol. 73, Issue 9). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2018.12.044
Patel, M., Kute, V., & Agarwal, S. (2020). “Infodemic” of COVID 19: More pandemic than the virus. Indian Journal of Nephrology, 30(3), 188–191. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijn.IJN_216_20
Rahayu, R. N., & Sensusiyati. (2021). Vaksin covid 19 di indonesia : analisis berita hoax. Intelektiva : Jurnal Ekonomi, Sosial & Humaniora Vaksin, 2(07), 39–49.
Rahmadiva, L. A., Alia, R. B., & Ruslanjari, D. (2023). Upaya Pemerintah Melawan Infodemic dengan Membangun Informasi Akurat. Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi, 21 (2), 241–258.
Rahmawati, D., Mulyana, D., Lumakto, G., Viendyasari, M., & Anindhita, W. (2021). Mapping Disinformation During the Covid-19 in Indonesia: Qualitative Content Analysis. Jurnal ASPIKOM, 6(2), 222. https://doi.org/10.24329/aspikom.v6i2.907
Syahputra, I. (2021). The Rise of Political Hatred in Twitter Conversations of Indonesian Netizens. Jurnal Komunikasi Ikatan Sarjana Komunikasi Indonesia, 6(1), 22–31. https://doi.org/10.25008/jkiski.v6i1.518
Utami, I. S. (2020). Meningkatnya Kasus Hoaks Di Masa Pandemi COVID-19. Lppm.Unpam.Ac.Id. https://lppm.unpam.ac.id/2020/11/03/meningkatnya-kasus-hoaks-di-masa-pandemi-covid-19/
Zhang, X., & Ghorbani, A. A. (2020). An overview of online fake news: Characterization, detection, and discussion. Information Processing and Management, 57(2). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ipm.2019.03.004
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Published
2024-07-31
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Rahmadiva, L. A., Setyo, B., & Rihartono, S. (2024). MAPPING HOAX THEMES DURING THE EARLY PPKM DARURAT POLICY IN INDONESIA. Communications, 6(2), 105–124. Retrieved from https://journal.unj.ac.id/unj/index.php/communications/article/view/39146
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