Media Global Dalam Perjuangan Perempuan Untuk Kesetaraan Gender Di Afghanistan: Analisis Komunikasi Berbasis Interseksionalitas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21009.coms7.1.2Keywords:
Global Media, Intersectionality, Critical Discourse Analysis, Afghan Women’s Rights, Bibliometric AnalysisAbstract
This article examines how global media plays a role in Afghan women’s struggle for gender equality, employing an intersectionality approach and Fairclough’s critical discourse analysis. Since the Taliban's takeover of Afghanistan in August 2021, women's rights in the country have faced severe restrictions, including bans on women's education and limitations on mobility. The article focuses on how these restrictions exacerbate gender inequality and create additional challenges for women, especially those from ethnic minority groups such as the Hazara. On the other hand, global media often portrays Afghan women as victims, despite notable efforts of protest and resilience by the women themselves. Using Kimberlé Crenshaw’s intersectionality theory, this article explores how Afghan women’s experiences are shaped by various intersecting factors of oppression, such as gender, ethnicity, and socio-economic status. Furthermore, Fairclough’s critical discourse analysis is applied to understand how global media constructs narratives about Afghan women and how these narratives contribute to the international discourse on women’s rights in Afghanistan. The findings of this study highlight the importance of global solidarity, the role of social media, and the involvement of the Afghan diaspora in raising issues about women in Afghanistan, although significant challenges to achieving concrete change remain.
References
Abu-Lughod, L. (2002). Do Muslim women need saving? . American Anthropologist, 104(3), 783-790.
Ahmadi, B. (2021). Women under the Taliban: Losses, resilience, and resistance. . Afghanistan Research Journal, 45(2), 23-34.
Altheide, D. L. (2022). Global Media Representations of Afghan Women. Journal of Media Studies, 15(3), 213–228.
Amnesty International. (2023). Afghanistan: Women under Taliban rule. . Amnesty International.
Amnesty International. (2023). Reaffirming our commitment to the brave women of Afghanistan. Amnesty International.
BBC. (2022, December 21). Afghanistan: Taliban ban women from universities amid condemnation. Retrieved November 12, 2024, from https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-64045497
BBC. (2023). Afghan women resist Taliban oppression. Retrieved November 04, 2024, from https://www.bbc.com
CARE International. (2023). Afghanistan crisis: Impact on women and girls. Care.
CNN. (2022, December 20). Taliban suspend university education for women in Afghanistan. Retrieved November 12, 2024, from https://edition.cnn.com/2022/12/20/asia/taliban-bans-women-university-education-intl/index.html
Coombs, T. W. (2015). Ongoing Crisis Communication: Planning, Managing, and Responding (4th ed.). SAGE Publications.
Coombs, T. W. (2017). Protecting organization reputations during a crisis: The development and application of situational crisis communication theory. Corporate Reputation Review, 10(3), 163-176.
Cordaid International. (2022). Women’s activism in Afghanistan needs all the support it can get. Afghanistan: Corda.
Crenshaw, K. (1989). Demarginalizing the Intersection of Race and Sex. University of Chicago Legal Forum, 139–167.
Crenshaw, K. (1989). Mapping the Margins: Intersectionality, Identity Politics, and Violence Against Women of Color. Stanford Law Review, 43(6), 1241-1299.
European Union. (2024). Afghanistan Gender Country. Kabul: UN Women.
European Union. (2024). Transformative approaches to gender equality and women's empowerment in Afghanistan. . European Union Publications.
Fairclough, N. (1995). Critical discourse analysis: The critical study of language. London: Longman.
Fairclough, N. (2003). Analyzing discourse: Textual analysis for social research. London: Routledge.
Fairclough, N. (2013). Critical discourse analysis: The critical study of language. Routledge.
Human Rights Watch. (2022). Afghanistan: Girls Denied Education Under Taliban. Human Right Watch.org.
Minority Rights Group. (2022). The plight of Hazara women in Afghanistan. Retrieved November 09, 2024, from https://www.minorityrights.org
Noor, M. (2021). Media representations of Afghan women: Between reality and Western imagination. . Journal of Global Media Studies, 15(1), 45-60.
Oxfam. (2022). Gender and Ethnic Inequality in Afghanistan. France: Oxfam.Org.
Siddiqi, S. (2022). Framing the Afghan women’s crisis: A content analysis of Western media. Global Media Journal, 14(3), 210-228.
The Guardian. (2022, December 20). Taliban ban Afghan women from university education. Retrieved November 12, 2024, from https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/dec/20/taliban-ban-afghan-women-university-education
The Guardian. (2022, March 05). Zahra Joya: Fighting for women’s voices in Afghanistan. Retrieved November 02, 2024, from https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2022/mar/05/afghan-journalist-zahra-joya-among-times-women-of-the-year
UN Women. (2022). Supporting Afghan women: Global advocacy and local action. . United Nations.
UN Women. (2023). Advancing gender equality and women's rights in Afghanistan. UN Women.
UN Women. (2023). Empowering Afghan Women Through Education and Skills. United Nations.
UNDP. (2023). Economic empowerment of women in Afghanistan. United Nations Development Programme.
UNHCR. (2023). Gender-sensitive protection and community development programs. . UNHCR Publications.
UNICEF. (2022). For Every Child, Ever Oportunity. . New York: UNICEF Annual Report.
UNICEF. (2023). Gender integration in health, education, and nutrition programs in Afghanistan. . UNICEF Publications.
United Nations. (2023). The UN Strategic Framework for Afghanistan. Kabul: United Nations.
United Nations Population Fund. (2023). Sexual and reproductive health rights: Support for women in humanitarian contexts. United Nations Population Fund.
Women’s Peace and Humanitarian Fund. (2020). Empowering women in conflict and humanitarian settings. . Women’s Peace and Humanitarian Fund.
World Bank. (2018). World's Bank Annual Report. The World Bank.
World Food Programme. (2023). Promoting gender equality through food security programs. World Food Programme.
World Health Organization. (2023). Gender, equity, and human rights: Addressing gender-based violence in health systems. WHO.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Helen Afriliyanti, Tina Kartika, Marizka Andyanita
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this Journal agree to the following terms:
- Author retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a creative commons attribution licensethat allow others to share the work within an acknowledgement of the work’s authorship and initial publication of this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangementfor the non-exclusive distribution of the journal’s published version of the work (e.g. acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal).
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online(e.g. in institutional repositories or on their websites) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published works.
Users/public use of this website will be licensed to CC BY