Analisis Wacana Kritis Narasi Video Dan Komentar Terhadap Pengungsi Rohingya Di Youtube
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21009.COMM.033.05Kata Kunci:
Analisis Wacana Kritis, Pengungsi Rohingya, YoutubeAbstrak
ABSTRACT
This research aims to analyze the narratives contained in videos about Rohingya refugees and
their comments on Youtube using Norman Fairclough's Critical Discourse Analysis (AWK)
approach. This approach includes 3 dimensions of critical discourse analysis according to
Fairclough. Namely: text, discursive practices, and social practices. From 3 videos about
Rohingya refugees with a total of 9,677 comments, the results of the qualitative analysis show
that Rohingya refugees are represented very negatively in the videos and comments through
discriminatory stereotypes. The dominant narrative highlights them as “illegal immigrants”, a
“social burden”, as well as a “lewd”, “dirty”, and even “dangerous” group because they are
considered potential colonizers like “Israel”. This representation creates a polarization between
“us” and “them”, creating and reinforcing discriminatory power relations. Through the analysis
of the text dimension, it was found that frequent use of discriminatory terms such as “pervert”,
“slob”, and “sneaky” builds a negative stigma against refugees. In the discursive practice
dimension, the production and consumption of texts have reinforced social exclusion through
narratives of nationalism and negative stereotypes. On the social practice dimension, the
narratives in the videos and the comments show xenophobia and dehumanization, which
contribute to the normalization of hate speech and aggressive attitudes towards refugees. The
results of this study show that social media functions as an ideological reproduction tool that
supports social exclusion of marginalized groups. In this context, negative representations of
Rohingya refugees demonstrate the prioritization of nationalistic interests, rather than
humanitarian responsibilities. This worsens the community's acceptance of the arrival and
presence of Rohingya refugees.
Keywords: Critical Discourse Analysis; Refugees; Representation of Rohingya; Social Media;
Youtube
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis narasi yang terkandung dalam video mengenai
pengungsi Rohingya beserta komentar-komentarnya di Youtube dengan menggunakan
pendekatan Analisis Wacana Kritis (AWK) Norman Fairclough. Pendekatan ini mencakup 3
dimensi analisis wacana kritis menurut Fairclough. Yaitu: teks, praktik diskursif, dan praktik
sosial. Dari 3 Video mengenai pengungsi Rohingya dengan jumlah 9.677 komentar, hasil analisis
yang dilakukan secara kualitatif menunjukkan bahwa pengungsi Rohingya direpresentasikan
dengan sangat negatif dalam video dan kolom komentar melalui stereotip yang diskriminatif.
Narasi dominan menyoroti mereka sebagai sebagai “imigran gelap”, “beban sosial”, serta penjajah seperti “Israel”. Representasi ini menciptakan polarisasi antara “kita” dan “mereka”,
menciptakan dan memperkuat relasi kuasa yang diskriminatif. Melalui analisis dimensi teks,
ditemukan penggunaan istilah-istilah diskriminatif yang sering digunakan seperti “cabul”,
“jorok”, dan “licik” yang membangun stigma negatif terhadap pengungsi. Pada dimensi praktik
diskursif, produksi dan konsumsi teks telah mempertegas ekslusi sosial melalui narasi
nasionalisme dan stereotip negatif. Pada dimensi praktik sosial, narasi pada video beserta
komentar-komentarnya menunjukkan xenophobia dan dehumanisasi, yang berkontribusi terhadap
normalisasi ujaran kebencian dan sikap agresif terhadap pengungsi. Hasil penelitian ini
menunjukkan bahwa media sosial memiliki fungsi sebagai alat reproduksi ideologi yang
mendukung ekslusi sosial terhadap kelompok marginal. Dalam konteks ini, representasi negatif
Pengungsi Rohingya menunjukkan prioritas kepentingan nasionalisme, alih-alih tanggung jawab
kemanusiaan. Hal ini memperburuk penerimaan masyarakat terhadap kedatangan dan keberadaan
pengungsi Rohingya.
Kata kunci: Analisis Wacana Kritis; Media Sosial; Pengungsi; Representasi Rohingya; Youtube
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