Islam and State: A Study on Al-Mawardi and An-Nabhani’s thought and its Compatibility in Indonesian Context
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21009/005.02.06Kata Kunci:
Islamic political thougt, Al- Mawardi, An-Nabhani, Islam, state relathionship, IndonesiaAbstrak
Meskipun studi tentang pemikiran politik Islam di Indonesia sudah banyak dilakukan, masih sangat sedikit penelitian tentang kompatibilitas pemikiran politik Islam, yang berasal dari periode klasik dan pertengahan yang selama ini mempengaruhi politik Islam di Indonesia, dengan konteks Indonesia. Pemikiran Imam Al-Mawardi (hidup di abad ke-12) dan Taqiyuddin al-Nabhani (hidup di abad ke-20) patut disebut dalam hal ini. Pemikiran politik Islam Al-Mawardi menjadi rujukan penganut Sunni dan madzhab Syafii yang di Indonesia merupakan mayoritas. Sedangkan pemikiran politik Islam al-Nabhani menjadi pedoman dari gerakan HTI (Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia) yang pengikutnya tidak sedikit di Indonesia. Artikel ini menginvestigasi tentang pemikiran Imam Al-Mawardi dan Taqiyudin al-Nabhani terkait relasi agama (Islam) dan negara, perbedaan pemikiran mereka, dan kompatibilitas kedua pemikiran politik Islam tersebut di Indonesia. Studi ini menggunakan kajian pustaka yang mana sumber data primernya adalah kitab (buku) yang ditulis oleh kedua pemikir Islam tersebut yaitu Al-Ahkam al-Sulthaniyah karya Al-Mawardi dan Ad-Daulah al-Islamiyah karya al-Nabhani. Dengan menggunakan qualitative content analysis (analisis isi kualitatif) data dikumpulkan dan dianalisa. Artikel ini menyimpulkan bahwa pemikiran politik Al-Mawardi telah diadopsi oleh mayoritas kaum Sunni di Indonesia dengan adaptasi atau penyesuaian dengan konteks Indonesia, sehingga kompatibel dengan konsep negara modern Indonesia. Sedangkan pemikiran al-Nabhani, yang tumbuh dalam semangat perlawanan terhadap kolonialisme dan dominasi kebudayaan Barat (Eropa Barat), diadopsi dan dikampanyekan oleh gerakan HTI di Indonesia tanpa penyesuaian dengan konteks lokal. Hal ini menyebabkan pemikiran al-Nabhani mengalami benturan dengan konsep negara modern Indonesia.
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