Current Variation Effect on Hardness and Corrosion Resistance of Formed Weld Layer

Syaripuddin; Sopiyan; Ahmad Nur Hisyam

doi:10.21009/JKEM.11.1.4

Penulis

Syaripuddin Universitas Negeri Jakarta
Sopiyan Universitas Negeri Jakarta
Ahmad Nur Hisyam Universitas Negeri Jakarta

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21009/JKEM.11.1.4

Kata Kunci:

carbon steel, HV 800, direct quenching, Vickers, weight loss

Abstrak

Hardfacing over carbon steel was carried out using the SMAW apparatus. The sample was hard-faced with a single layer using HV 800 electrode with a 1G weld position. Different welding currents were used, such as 90, 100, and 110 A. After the weld, the sample was quickly immersed in distilled water. Cooled samples were cleaned with a chipping hammer and a wire brush. Afterwards, the samples were cut for hardness and corrosion testing. The highest hardness in the sample was welded using 110A, while the lowest hardness was welded using 90A. Increasing the current from 90 to 110 A could increase hardness by approximately 2.31%. The lowest current was used during welding, resulting in a lower corrosion rate. This means that the welding layer produced at the lowest current has greater corrosion resistance than that produced at higher currents. Reducing the current from 110 to 90 A could reduce the corrosion rate by approximately 44.33%. Finally, all three specimens meet the "good" criteria of corrosion resistance.

Referensi

[1] H. Jangid, N. K. Singh, S. Chattopadhyaya, M. M. K. Sai, and G. Parmar, “Deposition of steel over steel by friction surfacing technique and investigation of its physical geometry,” MIST International Journal of Science and Technology, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 15–25, 2023, doi: 10.47981/j.mijst.11(02)2023.427(15-25).

[2] H. Liang, X. Shi, and Y. Li, “Technologies in marine antifouling and anti-corrosion coatings: a comprehensive review,” Coatings, vol. 14, no. 12, p. 1487, 2024, doi: 10.3390/coatings14121487.

[3] S. H. Suryo, S. A. Widyanto, P. Paryanto, and A. S. Mansuri, “Hardness optimization of heat treatment process of bucket teeth excavator,” Civil Engineering Journal, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 294-304, 2018, doi: 10.28991/cej-030992.

[4] I. Saefuloh, Haryadi, and M. G. Winisuda, “Studi analisa kuat arus proses elektroplating dengan pelapis nikel cobalt terhadap kekerasan, ketahanan korosi, dan penambahan tebal baja karbon rendah ST 41,” Flywheel: Jurnal Teknik Mesin Untirta, vol. III, no. 2, pp. 42–47, 2017, doi: 10.36055/fwl.v2i1.2568.

[5] D. Prayitno and P. P. Indayanto, “Pengaruh hardening terhadap korosi pada baja S45C,” Metrik Serial Teknologi dan Sains, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 70–75, 2021.

[6] Sopiyan, Syaripuddin, A. Ahmad, D. Nanto, S. D. Yudanto, and F. B. Susetyo, “Enhancement in the hardness and corrosion resistance of mild steel surfaces by nickel-chromium addition and rapid cooling after welding,” Journal of Applied Science and Engineering, vol. 27, no. 6, pp. 2725-2736, 2024, doi: 10.6180/jase.202406_27(6).0012.

[7] Syaripuddin, Sopiyan, A. Cahyadi, S. D. Yudanto, M. Y. Hasbi, and F. B. Susetyo, “Pengaruh tebal deposit lasan terhadap properti lapisan menggunakan elektroda HV 450,” Jurnal Asiimetrik: Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa dan Inovasi, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 285–292, 2023, doi: 10.35814/asiimetrik.v5i2.4956.

[8] Sopiyan, F. B. Susetyo, and Syamsuir, “Pengaruh arus terhadap kenyamanan welder, cacat las dan kekerasan hasil hardfacing baja karbon,” Jurnal Kajian Teknik Mesin, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 83–88, 2018, doi: 10.52447/jktm.v3i2.1415.

[9] T. S. Amosun, S. O. Hammed, A. M. G. de Lima, and I. Habibi, “Effect of quenching media on mechanical properties of welded mild steel plate,” Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry (MESI), vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 3–11, 2023, doi: 10.31603/mesi.7121.

[10] F. Mubarak, U. Budiarto, and W. Amiruddin, “Analisis pengaruh variasi arus las terhadap laju korosi dan kekuatan tarik pengelasan dissimilar baja ASTM A36 dan stainless SS304,” Jurnal Teknik Perkapalan, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 1–8, 2024.

[11] M. F. Rahman, V. Naubnome, and R. Hanifi, “Analisis pengaruh variasi media pendingin terhadap sifat mekanik dan laju korosi pada hasil sambungan las TIG baja ST 37,” Jurnal Ilmiah Wahana Pendidikan, vol. 8, no. 21, pp. 46–52, 2022, doi: 10.5281/zenodo.7272775.

[12] F. B. Susetyo, I. Basori, and D. Maryanto, “Pengaruh direct dan in-direct quenching dengan media air terhadap kekerasan hasil hardfacing baja karbon,” Jurnal Asiimetrik: Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa dan Inovasi, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 125–131, 2020, doi: 10.35814/asiimetrik.v2i2.1445.

[13] A. Jannifar, T. A. Ichsan, H. Nurdin, F. Mukhtar, and W. Wahyudi, “Welding current effect of welded joints of base metal ST37 on characteristics: corrosion rate and hardness,” in IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, vol. 268, p. 012167, 2019, doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/268/1/012167.

[14] D. Prayitno and I. A. Fikri, “Pengaruh kuat arus pengelasan GTAW terhadap laju korosi baja karbon rendah,” Metrik Serial Teknologi dan Sains, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 31–36, 2020.

[15] S. A. M. I. Naufal, U. Budiarto, and S. J. Sisworo, “Pengaruh variasi arus las SMAW terhadap laju korosi dan kekuatan tarik baja ST 40,” Jurnal Teknik Perkapalan, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 191–198, 2021.

[16] S. Syaripuddin, S. Sopiyan, S. Aditya, S. D. Yudanto, and F. B. Susetyo, “Synthesis of hard layer by titanium addition during welding process and quenched directly,” International Journal of Engineering, vol. 36, no. 03, pp. 532–539, 2023, doi: 10.5829/ije.2023.36.03c.13.

[17] Syaripuddin, Sopiyan, A. N. Hisyam, and R. Anggrainy, “Perilaku distorsi, kekerasan dan korosi hasil hardfacing pada permukaan baja karbon menggunakan elektroda HV-800 dengan berbagai ketebalan,” Jurnal Konversi Energi dan Manufaktur, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 153–161, 2024, doi: 10.21009/JKEM.9.2.7.

[18] L. D. Yuono and U. S. Dharma, “Pengaruh pendinginan cepat terhadap laju korosi hasil pengelasan baja AISI 1045,” Turbo : Jurnal Program Studi Teknik Mesin, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 76–83, 2017, doi: 10.24127/trb.v6i1.469.

[19] Basori and Syamsuir, “Pengaruh arus terhadap struktur mikro dan kekerasan lasan JIS Z 3251 DF2a-350-R,” Jurnal Kajian Teknik Mesin, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 21–25, 2019, doi: 10.52447/jktm.v4i1.1472.

[20] A. A. Soleh, H. Purwanto, and I. Syafa’at, “Analisa pengaruh kuat arus terhadap struktur mikro, kekerasan, kekuatan tarik pada baja karbon rendah dengan las SMAW menggunakan jenis elektroda E7016,” Jurnal Ilmiah Cendekia Eksakta, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 29–35, 2016.

[21] S. Nikko, “Manufacturers of a diverse range of advanced welding consumables HV-800,” 2018.

[22] W. Wijoyo and B. Indriyanto, “Pengaruh masukan panas (heat input) terhadap ketangguhan impak sambungan las TIG Al-13,5Si,” Simetris: Jurnal Teknik Mesin, Elektro dan Ilmu Komputer, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 545–550, 2016.

[23] A. Hariyanto, M. Tato, and Mangando, “Pengaruh kekerasan terhadap variasi heat input sambungan las tak sejenis pada baja karbon A36 dan baja tahan karat (AISI 304),” in Prosiding Seminar Hasil Penelitian (SNP2M), vol. 3, pp. 49–54, 2018.

[24] M. Moustahid, H. Lubis, and M. Mawardi, “Pengaruh heat input proses pengelasan pada pelat baja ST37 terhadap kekuatan tarik las SMAW dengan menggunakan elektroda E7018,” Jurnal Mesin Sains Terapan, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 69–75, 2019.

[25] E. K. Hamd, A. S. Alwan, and I. K. Irthiea, “Study the effect of welding heat input on the microstructure, hardness, and impact toughness of AISI 1015 steel,” Al-Khwarizmi Engineering Journal, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 118–127, 2018, doi: 10.22153/kej.2018.08.005.

[26] Y. Xu, Q. Zhou, L. Liu, Q. Zhang, S. Song, and Y. Huang, “Exploring the corrosion performances of carbon steel in flowing natural sea water and synthetic sea waters,” Corrosion Engineering, Science and Technology, vol. 55, no. 7, pp. 579–588, 2020, doi: 10.1080/1478422X.2020.1765476.

[27] W. Wang, P. E. Jenkins, and Z. Ren, “Electrochemical corrosion of carbon steel exposed to biodiesel/simulated seawater mixture,” Corrosion Science, vol. 57, pp. 215–219, 2012, doi: 10.1016/j.corsci.2011.12.015.

[28] T. Yingsamphancharoen, N. Srisuwan, and A. Rodchanarowan, “The electrochemical investigation of the corrosion rates of welded pipe ASTM A106 grade B,” Metals (Basel)., vol. 6, no. 9, p. 207, 2016, doi: 10.3390/met6090207.

[29] S. M. Hassoni, O. S. Barrak, M. I. Ismail, and S. K. Hussein, “Effect of welding parameters of resistance spot welding on mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of 316L,” Materials Research, vol. 25, p. e20210117, 2022, doi: 10.1590/1980-5373-MR-2021-0117.

[30] Syaripuddin, Sopiyan, M. F. P. Putra, M. K. Ajiriyanto, S. D. Yudanto, M. Y. Hasbi, and F. B. Susetyo, “Nichrome dependency in welding layer using in situ fabrication on hardness and corrosion properties,” Science & Technology Indonesia, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 651–659, 2024, doi: 10.26554/sti.2024.9.3.651-659.

[31] M. Adnan, L. Noerochiem, and H. Nurdiansah, “Pengaruh variasi waktu pencelupanterhadap ketebalan, kekerasan dan ketahanan korosi hasil elektroplating nikel-hard krom pada baja AISI 4340,” Jurnal Teknik ITS, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 257–262, 2018.

[32] M. G. Fontana, Corrosion Engineering. McGraw-Hill Companies, 1987.