Student problem solving skills in PBL model: Viewed from the discourse sheet
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21009/biosferjpb.23840Keywords:
Problem Based Learning, Problem Discourse Sheet, Problem Solving AbilityAbstract
Problem solving ability relates to a person's ability to manage and find appropriate solutions in unexpected and complex conditions. Problem solving skills are not something that is innate, but these skills can be developed when a person is given the opportunity to solve problems. This ability is very important for students, especially when they enter the world of work. This study aims to determine the problem-solving ability of students when completing the problem discourse sheet in the PBL model. The type of research used is descriptive quantitative using a sample of 37 students who take the Human Physiology Anatomy course in the biology education study program at the Islamic University of Riau. The research instrument is in the form of problem discourse and scoring rubric. Problem solving indicators consist of identifying terms, formulating questions, considering, and finding solutions from problem formulations and making and determining conclusions. The data obtained were analyzed by scoring each answer given by students. The results showed that students' problem-solving abilities differed on each indicator. The indicator that occupies the highest score is formulating questions and the lowest is making and determining conclusions. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the problem-solving ability of students while completing the problem discourse sheet in the PBL model is in the very good category.
References
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Burkholder, E., Hwang, L., & Wieman, C. (2021). Evaluating the problem-solving skills of graduating chemical engineering students. Education for Chemical Engineers, 34, 68–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ece.2020.11.006
Burns, H. K., Donnell, J. O., & Artman, J. (2010). High-fidelity Simulation in Teaching Problem Solving to 1st-Year Nursing Students A Novel Use of the Nursing Process. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 6(3), e87–e95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecns.2009.07.005
Cassidy, C. M., Brozik, D., & Brozik, D. (2005). Problem Discovery And Problem Solving In Unstructured Situations: Using The Pan-Pacific Enterprises Simulation With University Students. Journal of Business Case Studies – Second Quarter, 1(2), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.19030/jbcs.v1i2.4916
Cho, K., & Jonassen, D. H. (2002). The Effects of Argumentation Scaffolds on Argumentation and Problem Solving. ETR&D, 50(3), 5–22. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF02505022
Chowdhry, S. (2016). Student’s perception of effectiveness of a technology enhanced problem based learning environment in a Mechanical Engineering module. Journal of Today’s Ideas – Tomorrow’s Technologies, 4(1), 15–32. https://doi.org/10.15415/jotitt.2016.41002
Davis, J. D., McDuffie, A. R., Drake, C., & Seiwell, A. L. (2019). Teachers’ perceptions of the official curriculum: Problem solving and rigor. International Journal of Educational Research, 93, 91–100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2018.10.002
Docktor, J. L., Dornfeld, J., Frodermann, E., Heller, K., Hsu, L., Jackson, K. A., Mason, A., Ryan, Q. X., & Yang, J. (2016). Assessing student written problem solutions : A problem-solving rubric with application to introductory physics. Physical Review Physics Education Research, 12(010130), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevPhysEducRes.12.010130
Elvira, Q., Imants, J., DeMayer, S., & Segers, M. (2015). The quality of high school students’ problem solving from an expertise development perspective. Citizenship, Social and Economics Education, 14(3), 172–192. https://doi.org/10.1177/2047173416630012
Gallagher, S. A., & Gallagher, J. J. (2013). Using Problem-based Learning to Explore Unseen Academic Potential. Interdisciplinary Journal of Problem-Based Learning, 7(1), 3–15. https://doi.org/10.7771/1541-5015.1322
Gojkov, G., Stojanović, A., & Gojkov-Rajić, A. (2014). Meta components of intellectual autonomy as higher education teaching quality indicators. 657–669. https://ideas.repec.org/a/osi/journl/v10y2014p657-669.html
Greenstein, L. (2012). Assessing 21st Century Skills: A Guide to Evaluating Mastery and Authentic Learning. Sage Publication Ltd. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED534306
Hack, C., Mckillop, A., Sweetman, S., & McCormack, J. (2015). An evaluation of resource development and dissemination activities designed to promote problem-based learning at the University of Ulster. Innovations in Education and Teaching International, 52(2), 218–228. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14703297.2013.849610
Hedjazi, S. Y., Shakiba, H., & Monavvarifard, F. (2012). Effect of problem-solving Styles on academic achievement of agricultural students in the University of Tehran. Annals of Biological Research, 3(8), 4154–4158. https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/20123299827
Hermansyah, H., Gunawan, G., Harjono, A., & Adawiyah, R. (2019). Guided inquiry model with virtual labs to improve students’ understanding on heat concept. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1153(1), 012116. https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1742-6596/1153/1/012116/meta
Hidayati, N., Zubaidah, S., & Amnah, S. (2022). The PBL vs. Digital Mind Maps Integrated PBL : Choosing Between the two with a view to Enhance Learners’ Critical Thinking. Participatory Educational Research (PER), 9(3), 330–343. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1324993
Hmelo-Silver, C. E. (2004). Problem-Based Learning: What and How Do Students Learn? Educational Psychology Review, 16(3), 235–266. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/B:EDPR.0000034022.16470.f3
Holyoak, K. J., & Morrison, R. G. (2005). The Cambridge handbook of thinking and reasoning. Cambridge University Press.
Hu, Y.-H., Xing, J., & Tu, L.-P. (2018). The Effect of a Problem-oriented Teaching Method on University Mathematics Learning. EURASIA Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 14(5), 1695–1703. https://doi.org/10.29333/ejmste/85108
Jonassen, D. (2011). Supporting Problem Solving in PBL. Interdisciplinary Journal of Problem-Based Learning, 5(2), 9–27. https://doi.org/10.7771/1541-5015.1256
Kibga, E. S., Gakuba, E., & Sentongo, J. (2021). Developing Students’ Curiosity Through Chemistry Hands-on Activities: A Case of Selected Community Secondary Schools in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. EURASIA Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 17(5), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.29333/ejmste/10856
Kim, J. Y., Choi, D. S., Sung, C.-S., & Park, J. Y. (2018). The role of problem solving ability on innovative behavior and opportunity recognition in university students. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 4(4), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40852-018-0085-4
Komarudin, Marji, Sutadji, E., & Widiyanti. (2020). Increase the problem solving ability through improved prior knowledge. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1700, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1700/1/012043
Kong, L.-N., Qin, B., Zhou, Y., Mou, S., & Gao, H.-M. (2014). The effectiveness of problem-based learning on development of nursing students ’ critical thinking: A systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 51(3), 458–469. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2013.06.009
Kuo, H.-C., Burnard, P., Mclellan, R., Cheng, Y.-Y., & Wu, J.-J. (2017). The Development of Indicators for Creativity Education and a Questionnaire to Evaluate its Delivery and Practice. Thinking Skills and Creativity. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2017.02.005
Mandina, S., & Ochonogor, C. (2018). Comparative Effect of Two Problem-solving Instructional Strategies on Students’ Achievement in Stoichiometry. EURASIA Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 14(12), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.29333/ejmste/95125
Mayer, R. E. (2013). Problem Solving. In D. Reisberg (Ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Psychology. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195376746.013.0048
Mefoh, P. C., Nwoke, M. B., Chukwuorji, J. C., & Chijioke, A. O. (2017). Effect of cognitive style and gender on adolescents’ problem solving ability. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2017.03.002
Nicol, C., & Krykorka, F. (2016). The Place of Problems in Problem Based Learning: A Case of Mathematics and Teacher Education. Problem-Based Learning in Teacher Education, 173–186.
Ocak, G., Doğruel, A. B., & Tepe, M. E. (2021). An Analysis of the Relationship between Problem Solving Skills and Scientific Attitudes of Secondary School Students. International Journal of Contemporary Educational Research, 8(1), 72–83. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1292178.pdf
Oliveira, A. M. C. A., dos Santos, S. C., & Garcia, V. C. (2013). PBL in Teaching Computing: An overview of the Last 15 Years. Frontiers in Education Conference, 267–272. https://doi.org/10.1109/FIE.2013.6684830
Özsoy, G., & Ataman, A. (2009). The effect of metacognitive strategy training on mathematical problem solving achievement. International Electronic Journal of Elementary Education, 1(2), 68–83. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED508334.pdf
Phungsuk, R., Viriyavejakul, C., & Ratanaolarn, T. (2017). Development of a problem-based learning model via a virtual learning environment. Kasetsart Journal of Social Sciences, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.kjss.2017.01.001
Prince, M. (2004). Does Active Learning Work ? A Review of the Research. Journal OfEngineering Education, 93(3), 223–231.
Richards, J. B., Litman, J., & Roberts, D. H. (2013). Performance characteristics of measurement instruments of epistemic curiosity in third-year medical students. The Journal of the International Association of Medical Science Educators Med Sci Educ 2013, 23(3), 355–363. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF03341647
Savery, J. R. (2015). Essential Readings in Problem-Based Learning Overview of Problem-Based Learning : Definitions and Distinctions. Purdue University Press. https://muse.jhu.edu/book/42546
Shin, I.-S., & Kim, J.-H. (2013). The effect of problem-based learning in nursing education: a meta-analysis. Adv in Health Sci Educ, 18, 1103–1120. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10459-012-9436-2
Simanjuntak, M. P., Hutahaean, J., Marpaung, N., & Ramadhani, D. (2021). Effectiveness of Problem-Based Learning Combined with Computer Simulation on Students’ Problem-Solving and Creative Thinking Skills. International Journal of Instruction, 14(3), 519–534. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2021.14330a
Stahovich, T. F., Arsdale, T. S. Van, & Mayer, R. E. (2019). How handwriting behaviors during problem solving are related to problem- solving success in an engineering course. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 58, 331–337. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cedpsych.2019.04.004
Toy, S. (2007). Online ill-structured problem-solving strategies and their influence on problem-solving performance [Iowa State University]. In Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/15916
Turşucu, S., Spandaw, J., & Vries, M. J. de. (2020). The Effectiveness of Activation of Prior Mathematical Knowledge During Problem-solving in Physics. EURASIA Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 16(4). https://doi.org/10.29333/ejmste/116446
Yulianti, E., Al Husna, I. Y., & Susilowati. (2018). The Role of Inquiry-Based Interactive Demonstration Learning Model on VIII Grade Students’ Higher Order Thinking Skill. Journal of Science Education Research, 2(1), 35–38. https://journal.uny.ac.id/index.php/jser/article/view/19333/0
Zwaal, W., & Otting, H. (2016). Performance of the Seven-step Procedure in Problem-based Hospitality Management Education. Journal of Problem Based Learning in Higher Education, 4(1), 1–15. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1124227
Arends, R. (2012). Learning to Teach: Connect, learn, succeed (9th ed.). McGraw-Hill.
Aslan, S., & Duruhan, K. (2019). The Effect of Problem Based Learning Approach in Information Technologies and Software Course on Academic Achievement of Students. Çukurova Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 48(1), 32–72. https://doi.org/10.14812/cufej.468432
Aurah, C. M., Cassady, J. C., & McConnell, T. J. (2014). Predicting problem solving ability from metacognition and self-efficacy beliefs on a cross validated sample. British Journal of Education, 2(1), 49–70. http://ir-library.mmust.ac.ke:8080/handle/123456789/1272
Burkholder, E., Hwang, L., & Wieman, C. (2021). Evaluating the problem-solving skills of graduating chemical engineering students. Education for Chemical Engineers, 34, 68–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ece.2020.11.006
Burns, H. K., Donnell, J. O., & Artman, J. (2010). High-fidelity Simulation in Teaching Problem Solving to 1st-Year Nursing Students A Novel Use of the Nursing Process. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 6(3), e87–e95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecns.2009.07.005
Cassidy, C. M., Brozik, D., & Brozik, D. (2005). Problem Discovery And Problem Solving In Unstructured Situations: Using The Pan-Pacific Enterprises Simulation With University Students. Journal of Business Case Studies – Second Quarter, 1(2), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.19030/jbcs.v1i2.4916
Cho, K., & Jonassen, D. H. (2002). The Effects of Argumentation Scaffolds on Argumentation and Problem Solving. ETR&D, 50(3), 5–22. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF02505022
Chowdhry, S. (2016). Student’s perception of effectiveness of a technology enhanced problem based learning environment in a Mechanical Engineering module. Journal of Today’s Ideas – Tomorrow’s Technologies, 4(1), 15–32. https://doi.org/10.15415/jotitt.2016.41002
Davis, J. D., McDuffie, A. R., Drake, C., & Seiwell, A. L. (2019). Teachers’ perceptions of the official curriculum: Problem solving and rigor. International Journal of Educational Research, 93, 91–100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2018.10.002
Docktor, J. L., Dornfeld, J., Frodermann, E., Heller, K., Hsu, L., Jackson, K. A., Mason, A., Ryan, Q. X., & Yang, J. (2016). Assessing student written problem solutions : A problem-solving rubric with application to introductory physics. Physical Review Physics Education Research, 12(010130), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevPhysEducRes.12.010130
Elvira, Q., Imants, J., DeMayer, S., & Segers, M. (2015). The quality of high school students’ problem solving from an expertise development perspective. Citizenship, Social and Economics Education, 14(3), 172–192. https://doi.org/10.1177/2047173416630012
Gallagher, S. A., & Gallagher, J. J. (2013). Using Problem-based Learning to Explore Unseen Academic Potential. Interdisciplinary Journal of Problem-Based Learning, 7(1), 3–15. https://doi.org/10.7771/1541-5015.1322
Gojkov, G., Stojanović, A., & Gojkov-Rajić, A. (2014). Meta components of intellectual autonomy as higher education teaching quality indicators. 657–669. https://ideas.repec.org/a/osi/journl/v10y2014p657-669.html
Greenstein, L. (2012). Assessing 21st Century Skills: A Guide to Evaluating Mastery and Authentic Learning. Sage Publication Ltd. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED534306
Hack, C., Mckillop, A., Sweetman, S., & McCormack, J. (2015). An evaluation of resource development and dissemination activities designed to promote problem-based learning at the University of Ulster. Innovations in Education and Teaching International, 52(2), 218–228. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14703297.2013.849610
Hedjazi, S. Y., Shakiba, H., & Monavvarifard, F. (2012). Effect of problem-solving Styles on academic achievement of agricultural students in the University of Tehran. Annals of Biological Research, 3(8), 4154–4158. https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/20123299827
Hermansyah, H., Gunawan, G., Harjono, A., & Adawiyah, R. (2019). Guided inquiry model with virtual labs to improve students’ understanding on heat concept. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1153(1), 012116. https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1742-6596/1153/1/012116/meta
Hidayati, N., Zubaidah, S., & Amnah, S. (2022). The PBL vs. Digital Mind Maps Integrated PBL : Choosing Between the two with a view to Enhance Learners’ Critical Thinking. Participatory Educational Research (PER), 9(3), 330–343. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1324993
Hmelo-Silver, C. E. (2004). Problem-Based Learning: What and How Do Students Learn? Educational Psychology Review, 16(3), 235–266. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/B:EDPR.0000034022.16470.f3
Holyoak, K. J., & Morrison, R. G. (2005). The Cambridge handbook of thinking and reasoning. Cambridge University Press.
Hu, Y.-H., Xing, J., & Tu, L.-P. (2018). The Effect of a Problem-oriented Teaching Method on University Mathematics Learning. EURASIA Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 14(5), 1695–1703. https://doi.org/10.29333/ejmste/85108
Jonassen, D. (2011). Supporting Problem Solving in PBL. Interdisciplinary Journal of Problem-Based Learning, 5(2), 9–27. https://doi.org/10.7771/1541-5015.1256
Kibga, E. S., Gakuba, E., & Sentongo, J. (2021). Developing Students’ Curiosity Through Chemistry Hands-on Activities: A Case of Selected Community Secondary Schools in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. EURASIA Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 17(5), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.29333/ejmste/10856
Kim, J. Y., Choi, D. S., Sung, C.-S., & Park, J. Y. (2018). The role of problem solving ability on innovative behavior and opportunity recognition in university students. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 4(4), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40852-018-0085-4
Komarudin, Marji, Sutadji, E., & Widiyanti. (2020). Increase the problem solving ability through improved prior knowledge. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1700, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1700/1/012043
Kong, L.-N., Qin, B., Zhou, Y., Mou, S., & Gao, H.-M. (2014). The effectiveness of problem-based learning on development of nursing students ’ critical thinking: A systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 51(3), 458–469. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2013.06.009
Kuo, H.-C., Burnard, P., Mclellan, R., Cheng, Y.-Y., & Wu, J.-J. (2017). The Development of Indicators for Creativity Education and a Questionnaire to Evaluate its Delivery and Practice. Thinking Skills and Creativity. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2017.02.005
Mandina, S., & Ochonogor, C. (2018). Comparative Effect of Two Problem-solving Instructional Strategies on Students’ Achievement in Stoichiometry. EURASIA Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 14(12), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.29333/ejmste/95125
Mayer, R. E. (2013). Problem Solving. In D. Reisberg (Ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Psychology. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195376746.013.0048
Mefoh, P. C., Nwoke, M. B., Chukwuorji, J. C., & Chijioke, A. O. (2017). Effect of cognitive style and gender on adolescents’ problem solving ability. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2017.03.002
Nicol, C., & Krykorka, F. (2016). The Place of Problems in Problem Based Learning: A Case of Mathematics and Teacher Education. Problem-Based Learning in Teacher Education, 173–186.
Ocak, G., Doğruel, A. B., & Tepe, M. E. (2021). An Analysis of the Relationship between Problem Solving Skills and Scientific Attitudes of Secondary School Students. International Journal of Contemporary Educational Research, 8(1), 72–83. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1292178.pdf
Oliveira, A. M. C. A., dos Santos, S. C., & Garcia, V. C. (2013). PBL in Teaching Computing: An overview of the Last 15 Years. Frontiers in Education Conference, 267–272. https://doi.org/10.1109/FIE.2013.6684830
Özsoy, G., & Ataman, A. (2009). The effect of metacognitive strategy training on mathematical problem solving achievement. International Electronic Journal of Elementary Education, 1(2), 68–83. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED508334.pdf
Phungsuk, R., Viriyavejakul, C., & Ratanaolarn, T. (2017). Development of a problem-based learning model via a virtual learning environment. Kasetsart Journal of Social Sciences, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.kjss.2017.01.001
Prince, M. (2004). Does Active Learning Work ? A Review of the Research. Journal OfEngineering Education, 93(3), 223–231.
Richards, J. B., Litman, J., & Roberts, D. H. (2013). Performance characteristics of measurement instruments of epistemic curiosity in third-year medical students. The Journal of the International Association of Medical Science Educators Med Sci Educ 2013, 23(3), 355–363. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF03341647
Savery, J. R. (2015). Essential Readings in Problem-Based Learning Overview of Problem-Based Learning : Definitions and Distinctions. Purdue University Press. https://muse.jhu.edu/book/42546
Shin, I.-S., & Kim, J.-H. (2013). The effect of problem-based learning in nursing education: a meta-analysis. Adv in Health Sci Educ, 18, 1103–1120. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10459-012-9436-2
Simanjuntak, M. P., Hutahaean, J., Marpaung, N., & Ramadhani, D. (2021). Effectiveness of Problem-Based Learning Combined with Computer Simulation on Students’ Problem-Solving and Creative Thinking Skills. International Journal of Instruction, 14(3), 519–534. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2021.14330a
Stahovich, T. F., Arsdale, T. S. Van, & Mayer, R. E. (2019). How handwriting behaviors during problem solving are related to problem- solving success in an engineering course. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 58, 331–337. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cedpsych.2019.04.004
Toy, S. (2007). Online ill-structured problem-solving strategies and their influence on problem-solving performance [Iowa State University]. In Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/15916
Turşucu, S., Spandaw, J., & Vries, M. J. de. (2020). The Effectiveness of Activation of Prior Mathematical Knowledge During Problem-solving in Physics. EURASIA Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 16(4). https://doi.org/10.29333/ejmste/116446
Yulianti, E., Al Husna, I. Y., & Susilowati. (2018). The Role of Inquiry-Based Interactive Demonstration Learning Model on VIII Grade Students’ Higher Order Thinking Skill. Journal of Science Education Research, 2(1), 35–38. https://journal.uny.ac.id/index.php/jser/article/view/19333/0
Zwaal, W., & Otting, H. (2016). Performance of the Seven-step Procedure in Problem-based Hospitality Management Education. Journal of Problem Based Learning in Higher Education, 4(1), 1–15. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1124227
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2022-10-27
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Hidayati, N., Idris, T. ., & Handayani, P. H. (2022). Student problem solving skills in PBL model: Viewed from the discourse sheet. Biosfer: Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi, 15(2), 231–241. https://doi.org/10.21009/biosferjpb.23840
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