Reproduksi Nilai Gender melalui Tabu Tindakan Perempuan di Desa Kradenan, Kecamatan Trucuk, Kabupaten Klaten, Jawa Tengah

Penulis

  • Inayah Choirunisa Universitas Sebelas Maret
  • Rr Chattri Sigit Widyastuti Universitas Sebelas Maret

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21009/risenologi.111.05

Kata Kunci:

Masyarakat Jawa, Norma gender, Tabu perilaku perempuan

Abstrak

This study examines the persistence and transformation of female-related behavioral taboos in Kradenan Village, Trucuk District, Klaten Regency, with particular attention to how these prohibitions regulate women’s bodies, mobility, and domestic roles. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, data were collected through observation and interviews with women from different age groups to identify the forms, meanings, and functions of tabooed actions. The findings reveal six dominant taboos imposed on women: refraining from washing hair during menstruation, avoiding going outside at Maghrib prayer time, not combing their hair at night, avoiding mirrors at night, prohibitions against eating using cracked plates, and refraining from sweeping at night. These taboos are still strongly adhered to by older generations as a means of preserving moral order and femininity, while younger women increasingly display resistance due to modern educational and cultural exposures. The study concludes that these taboos function as symbolic tools of social control that reinforce gendered expectations and cultural identity, yet are simultaneously undergoing negotiation and reinterpretation in contemporary society. The implications of this study highlight howtraditional norms persist alon gside shifting cultural values, offering a nuanced understanding of the dynamics between gender, belief systems, and cultural change in rural Kradenan, Trucuk, Klaten.


ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini mengkaji keberlangsungan dan perubahan tabu tindakan yang dilekatkan pada perempuan di Desa Kradenan, Kecamatan Trucuk, Kabupaten Klaten, dengan fokus pada bagaimana larangan tersebut mengatur tubuh, mobilitas, dan peran domestik perempuan. Menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif, data diperoleh melalui observasi dan wawancara lintas generasi untuk mengidentifikasi bentuk, makna, dan fungsi tabu tindakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan enam tabu utama yang dikenakan pada perempuan, yaitu larangan keramas saat haid, larangan keluar rumah ketika azan Magrib, larangan menyisir rambut pada malam hari, larangan bercermin pada malam hari, larangan makan menggunakan piring yang retak, dan larangan menyapu pada malam hari. Tabu tindakan tersebut masih dipatuhi oleh kelompok perempuan berusia lanjut sebagai upaya menjaga ketertiban moral dan citra kesopanan, sedangkan generasi muda mulai menunjukkan resistensi akibat pengaruh pendidikan dan modernitas. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa tabu berfungsi sebagai alat kontrol sosial simbolik yang mereproduksi ideologi gender, namun kini berada dalam proses negosiasi makna seiring perubahan nilai budaya. Temuan ini memberikan pemahaman mengenai dinamika antara budaya tradisional, perempuan, dan perubahan sosial dalam masyarakat di Desa Kradenan, Kecamatan Trucuk, Kabupaten Klaten.

Referensi

Al Farobi, M., Aminullah, M. A., & Mulyanti, T. (2022). Tabu ungkapan dalam budaya bahasa Jawa Ngapak Banyumasan. Risenologi, 7(2), 77–82. https://doi.org/10.47028/j.risenologi.2022.72.310.

Beard, M. (1992). Frazer, Leach, and Virgil, the popularity (and unpopularity) of The Golden Bough. Comparative Studies in Society and History, 34(2), 203–224.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0010417500017655

Cordón, L. A. (2024). Totem and Taboo (1913). In Freud’s World. https://doi.org/10.5040/9798400654138.005.

De Beauvoir, S. (1949). Woman as other. Social theory, 337–339.

Cordón, L. A. (2024). Totem and Taboo (1913). In Freud’s World. https://doi.org/10.5040/9798400654138.005.Al Farobi, M., Aminullah, M. A., & Mulyanti, T. (2022). Tabu ungkapan dalam budaya bahasa Jawa Ngapak Banyumasan. Risenologi, 7(2), 77–82. https://doi.org/10.47028/j.risenologi.2022.72.310.

Beard, M. (1992). Frazer, Leach, and Virgil, the popularity (and unpopularity) of The Golden Bough. Comparative Studies in Society and History, 34(2), 203–224. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0010417500017655

Cordón, L. A. (2024). Totem and Taboo (1913). In Freud’s World. https://doi.org/10.5040/9798400654138.005.De Beauvoir, S. (1949). Woman as other. Social theory, 337–339.

Cordón, L. A. (2024). Totem and Taboo (1913). In Freud’s World. https://doi.org/10.5040/9798400654138.005.

De Beauvoir, S. (1949). Woman as other. Social theory, 337–339.

Douglas, M. (1966). Population control in primitive groups. The British Journal of Sociology, 17(3), 263–273. https://doi.org/10.2307/588774.

Fox, J. J. (2024). Koentjaraningrat Memorial Lecture: Koentjaraningrat's legacy and contemporary anthropology in Indonesia. The Asia Pacific Journal of Anthropology, 25(1), 49–63. https://doi.org/10.1080/14442213.2023.2284275.

Geertz, C. (1973). The interpretation of cultures. New York: Basic Books.

Hastuti, H. T., & Widyastuti, C. S. (2025). Tabu budaya perawan dalam masyarakat Kabupaten Ponorogo.Risenologi, 10(1), 16–26. https://doi.org/10.21009/risenologi.101.03.

Intan, T. (2018). Fenomena tabu makanan pada perempuan Indonesia dalam perspektif antropologi feminis. PALASTREN Jurnal Studi Gender, 11(2), 233. http://dx.doi.org/10.21043/palastren.v11i2.3757.

Keraf, G. (1984). Linguistik bandingan historis. Jakarta: PT GramediaMahsun. (2005). Metode penelitian bahasa. Jakarta: PT Raja Grafindo Persada.Malinowski, B. (1926). Crime and custom in savage society. London: Routledge.

Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: an expanded sourcebook (2nd ed.). Sage Publications.Ortner, S. B. (1972). Is female to male as nature is to culture?. Feminist studies, 1(2), 5–31.https://doi.org/10.2307/3177638

Rhosyida, H. D. Z., & Widyastuti, R. C. S. (2025). Tabu tindakan di daerah Karanganyar, Jawa Tengah: KajianLinguistik Historis Komparatif. Risenologi, 10(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.21009/risenologi.101.01.

Sugiyono. (2014). Metode penelitian kuantitatif kualitatif dan R&D. Bandung, Alfabeta

Suhartina, S., & Hasnani, H. (2022). Pantangan masyarakat Konjo dalam perspektif gender. Kafaah: Journal ofGender Studies, 12(2), 162–173. http://dx.doi.org/10.15548/jk.v12i2.501

Sutarman. (2017). Tabu bahasa dan eufemisme. Surakarta: Yuma Pustaka

Ullman, S. (1977). Semantics, An introduction to the science of meaning (diadaptasi oleh Sumarsono: Pengantar Semantik). Basil Blackwell: Oxford.

De Beauvoir, S. (1949). Woman as other. Social theory, 337–339.

Douglas, M. (1966). Population control in primitive groups. The British Journal of Sociology, 17(3), 263–273. https://doi.org/10.2307/588774.

Fox, J. J. (2024). Koentjaraningrat Memorial Lecture: Koentjaraningrat's legacy and contemporary anthropology in Indonesia. The Asia Pacific Journal of Anthropology, 25(1), 49–63. https://doi.org/10.1080/14442213.2023.2284275.

Geertz, C. (1973). The interpretation of cultures. New York: Basic Books.

Hastuti, H. T., & Widyastuti, C. S. (2025). Tabu budaya perawan dalam masyarakat Kabupaten Ponorogo.Risenologi, 10(1), 16–26. https://doi.org/10.21009/risenologi.101.03.

Intan, T. (2018). Fenomena tabu makanan pada perempuan Indonesia dalam perspektif antropologi feminis. PALASTREN Jurnal Studi Gender, 11(2), 233. http://dx.doi.org/10.21043/palastren.v11i2.3757.

Keraf, G. (1984). Linguistik bandingan historis. Jakarta: PT GramediaMahsun. (2005). Metode penelitian bahasa. Jakarta: PT Raja Grafindo Persada.Malinowski, B. (1926). Crime and custom in savage society. London: Routledge.

Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: an expanded sourcebook (2nd ed.). Sage Publications.Ortner, S. B. (1972). Is female to male as nature is to culture?. Feminist studies, 1(2), 5–31.https://doi.org/10.2307/3177638

Rhosyida, H. D. Z., & Widyastuti, R. C. S. (2025). Tabu tindakan di daerah Karanganyar, Jawa Tengah: KajianLinguistik Historis Komparatif. Risenologi, 10(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.21009/risenologi.101.01.

Sugiyono. (2014). Metode penelitian kuantitatif kualitatif dan R&D. Bandung, Alfabeta

Suhartina, S., & Hasnani, H. (2022). Pantangan masyarakat Konjo dalam perspektif gender. Kafaah: Journal ofGender Studies, 12(2), 162–173. http://dx.doi.org/10.15548/jk.v12i2.501

Sutarman. (2017). Tabu bahasa dan eufemisme. Surakarta: Yuma Pustaka

Ullman, S. (1977). Semantics, An introduction to the science of meaning (diadaptasi oleh Sumarsono: Pengantar Semantik). Basil Blackwell: Oxford.

Diterbitkan

2026-05-13