Ethic Statement

Publication Ethics and Malpractice Statement

Jurnal Sarwahita is committed to maintaining high standards of publication ethics and academic integrity. This Publication Ethics and Malpractice Statement is based on the principles and recommendations of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and applies to all authors, editors, reviewers, and other parties involved in the publication process.

The journal is committed to ensuring that all manuscripts are handled fairly, transparently, confidentially, and in accordance with accepted standards of scholarly publishing.

Duties and Responsibilities of Editors

Fair Play and Editorial Independence

Editors evaluate submitted manuscripts based on their academic and scholarly merit, including originality, relevance, methodological soundness, clarity, and alignment with the scope of Jurnal Sarwahita. Editorial decisions are made without discrimination based on the authors' race, gender, ethnicity, religion, nationality, institutional affiliation, political beliefs, or other personal characteristics.

Editors maintain editorial independence and are responsible for making publication decisions based on scholarly considerations and the journal's policies.

Confidentiality

Editors and editorial staff must maintain the confidentiality of submitted manuscripts. Information concerning a manuscript may only be disclosed to the corresponding author, reviewers, potential reviewers, editorial advisers, and other parties involved in the editorial process when necessary.

Editors and editorial staff must not disclose or use unpublished information from submitted manuscripts for personal advantage or research purposes without the authors' explicit permission.

Conflicts of Interest

Editors must disclose any actual, potential, or perceived conflict of interest related to a submitted manuscript. Editors who have a conflict of interest must recuse themselves from the editorial evaluation and decision-making process and, where appropriate, assign the manuscript to another qualified editor.

Publication Decisions

Editors are responsible for making publication decisions based on the quality, originality, significance, and relevance of the manuscript, together with the results of the peer-review process and applicable legal and ethical requirements.

Editors may reject a manuscript when it does not meet the journal's standards, falls outside the journal's scope, or raises substantiated concerns regarding research or publication ethics.

Allegations of Misconduct

Editors will respond appropriately to allegations or suspected cases of research or publication misconduct. Such cases may include plagiarism, fabrication, falsification, duplicate publication, unethical research practices, authorship disputes, or undisclosed conflicts of interest.

When necessary, the journal may investigate the matter and take appropriate action, including requesting clarification or evidence from the authors, reviewers, or relevant institutions. Corrections, retractions, or Expressions of Concern may be issued when warranted.

Duties and Responsibilities of Reviewers

Contribution to Editorial Decisions

Peer review assists editors in evaluating the quality, validity, originality, and relevance of submitted manuscripts and helps authors improve their work.

Confidentiality

Reviewers must treat all manuscripts received for review as confidential documents. Manuscripts and information obtained during the review process must not be shared with or discussed with others without authorization from the editor.

Reviewers must not use unpublished information or ideas obtained through the peer-review process for personal research or advantage.

Objectivity and Constructive Review

Reviews must be conducted objectively and professionally. Reviewers should provide clear, constructive, and evidence-based comments that can help authors improve their manuscripts. Personal criticism of authors is not acceptable.

Acknowledgement of Sources

Reviewers should identify relevant published work that has not been appropriately cited. Reviewers should also notify the editor of any substantial similarity or overlap between the manuscript under review and other published or unpublished work of which they are aware.

Conflicts of Interest

Reviewers must disclose any actual, potential, or perceived conflict of interest before accepting an invitation to review. Reviewers should decline the assignment if their relationship with the authors, institutions, or subject matter could affect their objectivity.

Timeliness

Reviewers should complete reviews within the agreed timeframe. Reviewers who are unable to provide a review within the required period should promptly notify the editor and decline the invitation when necessary.

Duties and Responsibilities of Authors

Originality and Plagiarism

Authors must ensure that submitted manuscripts are original works and that all sources, ideas, data, and words taken from other works are appropriately acknowledged and cited.

Plagiarism, including substantial unattributed text reuse, copying of another person's work, or presenting another person's ideas or results as one's own, is considered unethical publishing behaviour and is not acceptable.

Multiple or Concurrent Submission

Authors must not submit the same manuscript simultaneously to more than one journal. Manuscripts that have already been published elsewhere should not be submitted as original publications.

Any legitimate secondary publication must comply with applicable publication ethics standards and be appropriately disclosed and referenced.

Accuracy and Integrity of Research

Authors must present their work accurately and honestly. Data, results, methods, and other information presented in the manuscript must not be fabricated, falsified, or intentionally misrepresented.

Authors should retain relevant research data and supporting materials and provide them to the editors when reasonably requested for the purpose of evaluating the integrity of the work.

Authorship and Contributorship

Authorship should be limited to individuals who have made substantial intellectual contributions to the work and who are able to take responsibility for the content of the manuscript.

All listed authors must have:

1. made a significant contribution to the conception, design, implementation, data collection, analysis, or interpretation of the work;
2. contributed to drafting the manuscript or critically revising it for important intellectual content;
3. approved the final version of the manuscript; and
4. agreed to be accountable for the work.

Individuals who contributed to the work but do not meet the criteria for authorship should be appropriately acknowledged, with their permission.

The corresponding author is responsible for ensuring that all appropriate contributors are included in the author list and that all authors have approved the submitted manuscript.

Conflicts of Interest and Funding

Authors must disclose any actual, potential, or perceived conflicts of interest that could influence the research, interpretation, or presentation of their work.

All sources of financial support for the research or community service activities reported in the manuscript should be disclosed.

Ethical Considerations and Informed Consent

Authors are responsible for ensuring that activities involving human participants, personal data, photographs, interviews, surveys, or other potentially sensitive information comply with applicable ethical standards and institutional requirements.

Where required, authors must obtain appropriate ethical approval and informed consent from participants. Authors must respect the privacy and confidentiality of participants and should not publish identifying information without appropriate consent.

Acknowledgement of Sources

Authors must properly acknowledge all sources that have contributed to the development of their manuscript. Information obtained through confidential communications, peer review, or other privileged sources must not be used without appropriate permission.

Cooperation During Peer Review

Authors are expected to respond to reviewers' and editors' comments professionally and within the specified timeframe. Authors may be asked to provide clarification, supporting information, data, ethical approval, consent, or other documentation relevant to the evaluation of their manuscript.

Corrections to Published Articles

When authors discover a significant error or inaccuracy in their published article, they must promptly notify the editors and cooperate in correcting the article or, when necessary, retracting it.

Peer Review Policy

All manuscripts submitted to Jurnal Sarwahita undergo an editorial screening before being considered for peer review.

Manuscripts that meet the journal's scope and basic requirements may be sent to qualified reviewers for evaluation. The journal uses a single-blind peer-review process.

Reviewers evaluate manuscripts based on criteria including:

• relevance to the scope of the journal;
• originality and contribution;
• clarity of objectives and discussion;
• appropriateness of the methods or community service approach;
• validity and reliability of the results;
• quality of references; and
• clarity and quality of presentation.

Editorial decisions may include acceptance, revision, or rejection. Revision does not guarantee acceptance, and the final publication decision rests with the editor.

Plagiarism and Similarity Check

Jurnal Sarwahita is committed to preventing plagiarism and other forms of inappropriate text reuse.

Submitted manuscripts may be screened using plagiarism or similarity detection software. The editorial team may investigate manuscripts that demonstrate substantial similarity with previously published works.

Manuscripts found to contain plagiarism or serious forms of inappropriate text reuse may be rejected or subjected to further investigation in accordance with publication ethics principles.

Conflicts of Interest

Jurnal Sarwahita requires authors, editors, and reviewers to disclose any actual, potential, or perceived conflict of interest that may influence the research, review, or publication process.

Authors must disclose relevant financial and non-financial relationships, affiliations, funding, or other interests that could reasonably be perceived as influencing the results, interpretation, or presentation of their work.

Editors and reviewers must declare conflicts of interest arising from personal, professional, financial, academic, collaborative, or institutional relationships with the authors or their affiliated institutions.

Individuals with a relevant conflict of interest should not participate in the review or editorial decision-making process for the manuscript concerned.

If a conflict of interest is identified after publication, Jurnal Sarwahita may take appropriate editorial action, including issuing a correction, clarification, or other editorial notice.

The journal follows the principles and recommendations of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) regarding conflicts of interest and disclosure.

Complaints and Appeals

Jurnal Sarwahita is committed to handling complaints and appeals fairly, objectively, and confidentially.

Authors may appeal an editorial decision by submitting a written explanation to the Editor-in-Chief. Appeals should provide clear reasons and, where applicable, relevant evidence supporting the appeal.

Complaints concerning editorial processes, peer review, publication ethics, or other aspects of journal management will be reviewed objectively by the appropriate editorial authority.

The submission of an appeal or complaint does not guarantee that the original editorial decision will be reversed.

Research and Publication Misconduct

Jurnal Sarwahita takes allegations of research and publication misconduct seriously.

Potential misconduct may include, but is not limited to:

• plagiarism;
• fabrication or falsification of data;
• duplicate or redundant publication;
• inappropriate authorship or authorship manipulation;
• undisclosed conflicts of interest;
• unethical research or community service practices;
• manipulation of the peer-review process; and
• other forms of academic or publication misconduct.

When an allegation is received, the editors will assess the available information and may request explanations or supporting evidence from the relevant parties.

Where appropriate, the journal may consult the authors' institutions or other relevant authorities and follow applicable COPE procedures.

Corrections, Retractions, and Expressions of Concern

Corrections

A correction may be published when an error in a published article does not invalidate the overall findings or conclusions but requires correction to maintain the accuracy of the scholarly record.

Retractions

Jurnal Sarwahita may retract a published article when the editors no longer have confidence in the reliability or integrity of the article.

An article may be considered for retraction in cases including, but not limited to:

• significant errors that invalidate the findings or conclusions;
• fabrication or falsification of data;
• plagiarism or serious publication misconduct;
• duplicate or redundant publication;
• unethical research or community service practices;
• serious authorship problems; or
• undisclosed conflicts of interest that substantially affect the integrity of the publication.

A retraction is intended to correct the scholarly record and maintain the integrity of the journal, not to punish the authors.

A retraction may be requested by authors, institutions, readers, or editors. The final decision to retract an article rests with the Editor-in-Chief or the appropriate editorial authority. An article may be retracted even if some or all authors do not agree with the decision when sufficient evidence supports retraction.

When an article is retracted, Jurnal Sarwahita will publish a Retraction Notice stating the reason for the retraction and linking the notice to the original article. The original article will remain part of the scholarly record but will be clearly marked as “Retracted.”

Expression of Concern

When there is a serious concern regarding the reliability or integrity of a published article but insufficient evidence is available to justify immediate retraction, Jurnal Sarwahita may publish an Expression of Concern while further investigation is conducted.

The journal will follow applicable COPE recommendations when handling corrections, retractions, and Expressions of Concern.

Publisher's Responsibilities

The publisher of Jurnal Sarwahita supports the editors in maintaining the integrity of the scholarly record and ensuring that publication processes are conducted in accordance with accepted standards of scholarly publishing.

The publisher and editors will take reasonable measures to prevent the publication of manuscripts involving research or publication misconduct.

When misconduct or serious errors are identified after publication, the journal will take appropriate corrective action, which may include publishing a correction, clarification, Retraction Notice, or Expression of Concern.

The publisher is also committed to maintaining the long-term availability and preservation of published journal content.

Post-Publication Discussions

Jurnal Sarwahita welcomes responsible scholarly discussion concerning published articles.

Readers who identify substantial errors, ethical concerns, or other issues that may affect the integrity of a published article are encouraged to contact the editorial team with relevant evidence.

The editors may investigate such concerns and, when appropriate, publish a correction, clarification, Expression of Concern, or Retraction Notice.

Ethical Guidelines

Jurnal Sarwahita follows the principles and recommendations of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and other applicable standards of responsible scholarly publishing.

The journal's policies may be updated periodically to reflect developments in publication ethics and scholarly publishing practices.

References

• Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). Core Practices.
• Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). Ethical Guidelines for Peer Reviewers.
• Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). Retraction Guidelines.
• Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). Code of Conduct and Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors.