The Role of Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) in Teaching English to Indonesian Elementary School Students within the Kurikulum Merdeka
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21009/stairs.5.2.7Keywords:
Communicative Language Teaching (CLT), Elementary school students, English language education, Language proficiency, Kurikulum Merdeka, Student-centered learningAbstract
English instruction in Indonesian elementary schools continues to face challenges, including limited resources, teacher proficiency gaps, and a reliance on traditional methods. Although Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) presents a promising alternative with its focus on student-centered, interactive learning, its effectiveness in supporting the objectives of the Kurikulum Merdeka requires further investigation. This study investigates the impact of CLT on the instruction of English to primary school children in Indonesia, specifically within the context of the Kurikulum Merdeka. This study employs a qualitative methodology to analyze recent journal articles and investigate how CLT facilitates students' exposure to authentic communication, encourages active engagement, boosts their motivation, and enhances their overall language competency. The results demonstrate that implementing CLT has a significant positive impact on students, as it enhances the relevance and engagement of their learning, aligning with the aims of the Kurikulum Merdeka. The study suggests that to improve English language teaching in Indonesia, it is important to apply the recommendations for broader adoption, integration into the curriculum, development of resources, ongoing evaluation, community involvement, and technology integration.
References
Akmal, A. (2020). Developing of Communicative Language Teaching on speaking skill. International Conference on Social, Sciences and Information Technology, 1(1), 483-488.
Asrul, A., & Dahlan, S. (2022). The use of Communicative Language teaching (CLT) method in improving students’ English vocabulary. Journal of Languages and Language Teaching, 10(4), 541. https://doi.org/10.33394/jollt.v10i4.5669
Bai, J. (2024). The discussion of Communicative Language Teaching in language classrooms. Frontiers in Sustainable Development, 4(2), 1-4. https://doi.org/10.54691/jckqrt49
Basir, A., Ampa, A. T., & Sulfasyah, S. (2021). The use of Communicative Language Teaching to increase the students’ motivation. Exposure: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris/Exposure, 10(1), 157–172. https://doi.org/10.26618/exposure.v10i1.4981
Brown, H. D. & Abeywickrama, P. (2019). Language Assessment: Principles and Classroom Practices. Pearson Education.
Carnando, G., & Nurlaily, N. (2020). Implementing Communicative Language Teaching (CTL) approach in an international standard school in Batam. The Journal of English Literacy Education, 7(2), 55–63. https://doi.org/10.36706/jele.v7i2.12559
Chen, H., Bhattacharyya, E., Rasool, U., & Hu, T. (2024). Breaking the silence: Unveiling the realities of communicative language teaching in China’s business English class. Forum for Education Studies, 2(4), 1761. https://doi.org/10.59400/fes1761
Daga, A. T. (2021). Makna merdeka belajar dan penguatan peran guru di Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Educatio FKIP UNMA/Jurnal Educatio FKIP UNMA, 7(3), 1075–1090. https://doi.org/10.31949/educatio.v7i3.1279
Dian, D., Ahmad, C. F., Arsal, F. R., & Mahmudah, S. (2023). Implication and application MBKM’s Curriculum in education (Madrasah and Universities). At-Ta’dib, 18(1), 106–122. https://doi.org/10.21111/attadib.v18i1.9910
Dos Santos, L. M. (2020). The discussion of Communicative Language Teaching approach in language classrooms. Journal of Education and e-Learning Research, 7(2), 104-109.
Eisenring, M. A. A., & Margana, M. (2019). The importance of teacher – students interaction in Communicative Language Teaching (CLT). Prasasti/UNS Journal of Language Studies, 4(1), 46-54. https://doi.org/10.20961/prasasti.v4i1.17052
Fadilah, E. (2018). Rethinking the maintenance of CLT in Indonesia: A response to Ariatna's “The need for maintaining CLT in Indonesia”. TESOL Journal, 9(1), 224-236. https://doi.org/10.1002/tesj.341
Fazilla, S., Bukit, N., & Sriadhi. (2023). Professional competence of prospective elementary school teachers in designing lesson plans integrating project-based learning models and TPACK. Mimbar Sekolah Dasar, 10 (1), 226-239. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1398746
Haloho, A. V., & Lasito. (2023). The nature of collaboration in collaborative editing task: Evidence of first language use and patterns of interaction. STAIRS: English Language Education Journal, 4(1), 28-40, https://doi.org/10.21009/stairs.4.1.3
Harmer, J. (2015). The Practice of English Language Teaching (5th ed.). Pearson Education Limited.
Hien, L. T. (2021). Communicative Language Teaching in teaching ESL for university students. Journal of English Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics, 3(6), 49-57. https://doi.org/10.32996/jeltal.2021.3.6.7
Ilmudinulloh, R., Bustomi, A., Pratiwi, W. R., & Ilyas, M. (2022). Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) approach in Kampung Inggris Pare in the new normal period. JINOTEP (Jurnal Inovasi Dan Teknologi Pembelajaran) Kajian Dan Riset Dalam Teknologi Pembelajaran, 9(3), 250. http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um031v9i92022p250
Istiantika, I., Jatuporn, J., & Setiawan, A. (2023). Teaching English for elementary school students through Communicative Language Teaching. International Journal of Research in Education, 3(2), 115–125. https://doi.org/10.26877/ijre.v3i2.14075
Lidiporu, G. R. M. A., & Sumarni, S. (2022). Investigating students’ high-order thinking skills in storytelling at elementary level: A case study. STAIRS: English Language Education Journal, 3(2), 77-84, https://doi.org/10.21009/stairs.3.2.1
Losi, R. V., & Nasution, M. M. (2022). Students' attitudes toward Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) in English speaking intensive program. International Journal of English and Applied Linguistics (IJEAL), 2(1), 95-102, https://doi.org/10.47709/ijeal.v2i1.1428
Ministry of Education and Culture of Indonesia. (2020). Kurikulum Merdeka Framework.
Moharana, J. (2021). Role of Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) in improving the communicative competence of second language learners of English. IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science (IOSR-JHSS), 26(9), 41–49. https://doi.org/10.9790/0837-2609044149
Nggawu, L. O., & Thao, N. T. P. (2023). The impact of Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) approach on students’ speaking ability in a public Indonesian university: Comparison between introverts and extrovert groups. IJoLE (International Journal of Language Education), 7(3). https://doi.org/10.26858/ijole.v7i3.50617
Priasih, M. A. (2024). The effectiveness of Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) method on students’ speaking skills in VII grade of SMP negeri 1 Baturraden, Banyumas Regency [Undergraduate Thesis, State Islamic University Prof. K.H. Saifuddin Zuhri Purwokerto].
Qasserras, L. (2023). Systematic review of Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) in language education: A balanced perspective. European Journal of Education and Pedagogy, 4(6), 17–23. https://doi.org/10.24018/ejedu.2023.4.6.763
Rahmatillah, K. (2021). Learning English through Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) approach. JCES (Journal of Character Education Society), 4(2), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.31764/jces.v3i1.2865
Reski. (2020). The analysis of teacher’s teaching CLT method in English speaking skill at the second grade of SMAN 2 Pinrang [Undergraduate Thesis, State Islamic Institute (IAIN) Parepare].
Ridwan, M. N., Ramli., & Samanhudi, U. (2024). The implementation of Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) approach in EFL classes; A case study on the border of Indonesia–Malaysia. EduInovasi: Journal of Basic Educational Studies, 4(2), 967-997, https://doi.org/10.47467/edu.v4i2.2635
Rizqi, M. A. (2020). A critical review of the Communicative Language Teaching implementation in Indonesia. CAPEU Journal of Education, 1(2), 38-43. https://doi.org/10.17509/cje.v1i2.31842
Rokayah, R., Hermita, N., Vebrianto, R., Mujtahid, I., Sulistiyo, U., & Samsudin, A. (2023). Reflection of Indonesian educators on the implementation of the Kurikulum Merdeka. Mimbar Sekolah Dasar, 10(3), 684–700. https://doi.org/10.53400/mimbar-sd.v10i3.64864
Toro, V., Camacho-Minuche, G., Pinza-Tapia, E., & Paredes, F. (2019). The use of the Communicative Language Teaching approach to improve students’ oral skills. English Language Teaching, 12(1), 110–118. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v12n1p110
Yanti, Y. M. (2024). Implementation of the Independent Learning Curriculum for students. PPSDP International Journal of Education, 3(2), 413–424. https://doi.org/10.59175/pijed.v3i2.253
Zein, S. (2020). Language policy in superdiverse Indonesia. New York, NY: Routledge
