Gerakan Islam dan Masa Depan Demokrasi di Era Indonesia Pasca-Soeharto
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21009/hayula.007.01.03Kata Kunci:
Democracy, Fundamentalis, Islamic MovementAbstrak
Sejak tahun 1998, Indonesia, sebagai negara muslim terbesar di dunia, mengalami transformasi dari rezim otoriter menjadi demokratis. Namun demikian, kekerasan dan terorisme yang diasosiasikan dengan gerakan Islam, khususnya gerakan Islam Politik, dianggap mengancam masa depan demokrasi Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan gerakan Islam Politik dan dampaknya terhadap sistem demokrasi pasca-Suhart. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif analisis, sementara data diperoleh melalui kajian pustaka dan analisis dokumen. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa tindakan kekerasan dan terrorisme dilakukan oleh Muslim fundamentalist yang bercita-cita ingin mewujudkan negara Islam Dengan semakin banyak terjadi tindakan kekerasan dan terrorisme justru memicu berkembangnya Muslim moderat. Dampak dari berkembangnya Muslim moderat, perilaku pemilih Muslim berubah mulai dari tidak ikut pemilu, merubah pilihan politik, sampai politik pragmatis. Dengan adanya kekerasan politik yang terjadi telah mendorong berkembangnya moderasi Islam, sehingga merugikan partai Islam karena banyak pemilih Muslim yang mengalihkan pilihan politiknya ke partai Nasionalis-religius.
Referensi
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Shiraishi, T. (2020). Southeast Asia Approaching Suharto’s Indonesia from 5–7.
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Tajuddin, A. (2016). Development, Democracy, and Post-Islamism in Indonesia. International Journal of Social Science Studies, 4(11), 41–50.
Trihartono, A., & Patriadi, H. B. (2016). The 2014 Indonesian general election and beyond: Melting “frozen” cleavages. Asian Journal of Comparative Politics, 1(1), 25–43.
Ufen, A. (2008). From aliran parties to dealignment: political in post-Suharto Indonesia. South East Asia Research, 16(1), 5–41.
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Umar, A. R. M. (2010). Melacak Akar Radikalisme Islam di Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Ilmu Politik.
Xiao, Y., & Watson, M. (2019). Guidance on Conducting a Systematic Literature Review. Journal of Planning Education and Research, 39(1), 93–112.
Arumsari, N., & Rahayu, A. M. (2016). Book Review: King, Dwight Y. Half-Hearted Reform: Electoral Institutions and Struggle for Democracy in Indonesia. New York: Praeger, 2003. 256 PP. Politik Indonesia: Indonesian Political Science Review.
Baswedan, A. R. (2004a). Political Islam in Indonesia: Present and future trajectory. Asian Survey.
Baswedan, A. R. (2004b). Sirkulasi Suara dalam Pemilu 2004. Analisis CSIS, 33(2), 173–189.
Bruinessen, V. (2004). “Traditionalist” and “Islamist” Pesantren in Contemporary Indonesia. ISIM.
Buehler, M. (2009). Islam and democracy in Indonesia. Insight Turkey, 11(4), 51–63.
Christmann, K. (2012). Preventing religious radicalization and violent extremism: A systematic review of the research evidence. Youth Justice Board, 1–77.
Duile, T., & Bens, J. (2017). Indonesia and the “conflictual consensus”: a discursive perspective on Indonesian democracy. Critical Asian Studies, 49(2), 139–162.
Fionna, B. U., & Tomsa, D. (2017). Parties and Factions in Indonesia : The Effects of Historical Legacies and Institutional Engineering. ISEAS Working Paper.
Hakam, A., Anggraeni, D., & Fadhil, A. (2020). Pola dan Narasi Gerakan Keislaman di Universitas Negeri Jakarta. Hayula: Indonesian Journal of Multidisciplinary Islamic Studies, 4(2), 263-278.
Hakim, S. A. (2018). Islam and government: An analytical review on Khumayni’s Kashf al-Asrār and Wilāyat al-Fāqih. Indonesian Journal of Islam and Muslim Societies, 8(1), 147–171. ht
Hamayotsu, K. (2014). Conservative turn? Religion, state, and conflict in Indonesia. Pacific Affairs.
Hasan, N. (2020). The expansion of " salafis." In Laskar Jihad: Islam, Militancy, and the Quest for Identity in Post-New Order Indonesia. (pp. 1–33).
Hossain, A. A. (2016). Islamism, secularism and post-Islamism: the Muslim world and the case of Bangladesh. Asian Journal of Political Science, 24(2), 214–236.
Istadiyantha. (2019). Tracing the Path of Islamic Political Movements in Indonesia. Afkaruna, 15(1), 1–14.
Khamid, N. (2016). Bahaya Radikalisme terhadap NKRI. Millati: Journal of Islamic Studies and Humanities.
Kikue, H. (2011). The End of Political Islam? A Comparative Analysis of Religious Parties in the Muslim Democracy of Indonesia. Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs, 30(3), 133–159.
Kustana, T. (2017). Islamic terrorism in Indonesia: Addressing Government Strategies and Muslim Population. Jurnal Pertahanan, 3(2), 77.
Laisa, E. (2014). Islam dan radikalisme. Islamuna, 1(1), 1–18.
Maghfuri, A. (2019). Countering Conservative-Radical Understanding by Mainstreaming Moderat Islam and the Role of Educational Institution in Indonesia. International Journal on Islamic Educational Research (SKIJIER), 3(1), 1–14.
Menchik, J. (2019). Moderate Muslims and Democratic Breakdown in Indonesia. Asian Studies Review.
Mohajan, H. A. (2018). Qualitative Research Methodology in Social Sciences, and Related Subjects. Journal of Economic Development, Environment, and People, 7(01), 23–48.
Mujani, S., Liddle, R. W., Mujani, S., & Liddle, R. W. (2020). Public Opinion Indonesia’s Approaching Elections Politics, Islam, and Public Opinion, 15(1), 109–123.
Nurjaman, A., Suprapto, B., & Masmuh, A. (2018). Nationalist Vs Islamic: The dynamic of politik aliran in post-suharto Indonesia. Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 26(3), 2009–2020.
Prajuli, W. (2018). Islamic Parties, Islamic Radicals, and Democratization in Indonesia, (May).
Robison, R., & Hadiz, V. R. (2017). Indonesia: a tale of misplaced expectations. Pacific Review, 30(6), 895–909.
Satria, A., Putri, P., Sari, N., & Adriana, R. (2018). The Current State of Terrorism in Indonesia : Vulnerable Groups, Networks, and Responses, 0–18.
Shalihin, N. (2017). Understanding The Radicalism Movement In Indonesia: A Conflict Approach to the Rise of Terrorism. AJIS: Academic Journal of Islamic Studies.
Shiraishi, T. (2020). Southeast Asia Approaching Suharto’s Indonesia from 5–7.
Shupe, A. (2009). Religious Fundamentalism. The Oxford Handbook of the Sociology of Religion, 127–153.
Tajuddin, A. (2016). Development, Democracy, and Post-Islamism in Indonesia. International Journal of Social Science Studies, 4(11), 41–50.
Trihartono, A., & Patriadi, H. B. (2016). The 2014 Indonesian general election and beyond: Melting “frozen” cleavages. Asian Journal of Comparative Politics, 1(1), 25–43.
Ufen, A. (2008). From aliran parties to dealignment: political in post-Suharto Indonesia. South East Asia Research, 16(1), 5–41.
Umam, F. (2019). Ideological Involution of the Islamists. ULUL ALBAB Jurnal Studi Islam, 20(1), 25–45.
Umar, A. R. M. (2010). Melacak Akar Radikalisme Islam di Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Ilmu Politik.
Xiao, Y., & Watson, M. (2019). Guidance on Conducting a Systematic Literature Review. Journal of Planning Education and Research, 39(1), 93–112.
Unduhan
Diterbitkan
2023-01-29
Cara Mengutip
Nurjaman, A. (2023). Gerakan Islam dan Masa Depan Demokrasi di Era Indonesia Pasca-Soeharto. Hayula: Jurnal Indonesia Studi Islam Multi-Disiplin, 7(1), 33–50. https://doi.org/10.21009/hayula.007.01.03
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